精细碳氧比测井技术及应用

介绍了精细碳氧比测井的基本原理及技术指标,以及在区块剩余油整体监测和找堵水措施上的综合应用效果;精细碳氧比测井是文南油田生产测井中最具有实用性和应用前景的一种测井,对油田剩余油挖潜及储层研究亦有较好的指导作用。     

碳氧比测井在海外河油田的应用

海外河油田由于构造复杂、储层非均质性强,进入"双高"阶段后,剩余油分布更加复杂,常规的生产测井资料已无法满足动态挖潜需要,而碳氧比测井技术对套管井剩余油监测具有较好的适应性。通过应用碳氧比测井,并结合沉积微相、生产动态分析,深化油田水淹规律和剩余油分布研究,为油田开发调整及油井措施挖潜提供可靠依据。     

高精度碳氧比能谱测井技术应用分析

文明寨油田是极复杂断块油田，储层物性较好，平均孔隙度达24．8％。通过高精度碳氧比测井了解生产层水淹程度、油层中剩余油分布，对未射孔的储集层进行了含油性评价，为薄、差油层、未分层的地层含油性评价提供了技术手段。在确定剩余油分布，寻找潜力层，提高二、三类层动用程度，改善油藏整体调整治理效果等方面取得了较好的应用效果，对进入中高含水期后的类似中渗复杂断块油藏的剩余油挖潜有一定的借鉴意义。     

浅析套管井中剩余油饱和度测井技术与应用

当前,套管井中剩余油饱和度常用的测井技术有碳氧比能谱(C/O)测井、中子寿命测井和脉冲中子衰减能谱(PND)测井等。本文就这几种常见的套管井剩余油饱和度测井技术在江苏油田中的应用做了具体阐述,并分析了未来剩余油饱和度测井技术的研究方向,以期为提高我国油田的采收率做出有意探索。     

储层饱和度测井在剩余油饱和度测井中的应用分析

剩余油饱和度测井是指在高发水期开发油田时寻找剩余油的一个重要的方法,在当前的科技状况下,能够利用套管测量剩余油饱和度的方法有过套管电阻率测井,中子寿命测井和碳氧比测比等,根据储层饱和度测井仪对测井特点的研究,合理的解决了地层水电阻率和泥质的涉及问题,利用了各种不同的方法来进行对剩余油饱和度的测井分析。套管井剩余油饱和度测井技术是在开发油田里必不可少的一种测井技术,油田不断的被开发,不论是对地下进行二次采油还是三次采油都需要对地下的油层情况有详细的了解,包括油层水淹的程度和油藏内水和气的分布状况,为了提高储层的采集率,就需要利用剩余油饱和度的参数为依据。     

文南油田水淹层测井解释探讨

文南油田是一个复杂的断块油藏，经过十几年的注水开发，大部分区块经过多次的井网调整、治理，已进入高采出程度、高含水阶段，地下油水关系相当复杂。虽然随着新技术的推广应用，水淹层测井的科研攻关，以及对油田地质的精细认识，使水淹层测井解释符合率大大提高，但准确地把握水淹层解释精度目前还是十分困难。因此，继续开展水淹层测井解释攻关，探索出适合本油田特点的剩余油监测技术，更好地挖掘此类油藏的剩余油潜力显得尤为重耍．     

剩余油饱和度测井技术在文中油田的配套应用及效果

针对文中油田油藏特点引进先进的剩余油饱和度测井技术,通过开展剩余油饱和度测井技术适应性研究并推广应用,逐步摸索出了适合文中油田油藏特点的剩余油饱和度（高精度C/O、PNN）测井技术,并在文中常压中渗油藏形成了完善的以高精度C/O为主的剩余油饱和度测井系列,根据测试结果指导剩余油挖潜15井次,累计增油2775.0t,投入产出比1∶3.67。达到了指导油田精细调整、改善开发效果的目的,为不同类型油藏寻找剩余油分布、了解层间动用状况提供了经验。     

文明寨油田精细开发的研究与实践

针对文明寨油田构造极复杂,剩余油分布高度零散、井况严重损坏的状况,应用高精度三维地震资料和高精度碳氧比资料,重构地下认识、重建注采井网,立足井组,精细治理,立体挖潜,建立适应剩余油分布的层系井网系统,达到增储增产增效目标,实现持续有效发展。     

碳氧比能谱测井找水在文明寨油田的应用

文明寨油田是一个含油面积6.84km2,由192个连续断块构成的较复杂的地质构造,油井横向对比性差,进入高含水开发后期剩余油分布零散,老井挖潜资料不足。为了做到合理、高效开发油藏,在文明寨油田应用了碳氧比能谱测井找水技术。现场应用证明该技术资料直观,找水准确,是符合文明寨油田特点的,能实现极复杂断油田高含水开发后期稳油控水,挖潜增效的一项测井找水工艺技术。     

高精度碳氧比能谱测井在中原油田应用效果分析

高精度碳氧比能谱测井具有精度高、耐温和耐压的特点，可以在摄氏150度以下地层准确识别高含水油层；利用高精度碳氧比能谱可以进行未射孔的储集层含油性评价及表外层含油性评价，还可以进行薄、差油层剩余油分布。     

佛山市顺德新城区降水中污染物的监测和分析

为掌握佛山市顺德新城区降水中污染物的情况,2015年7月至8月,文章作者分别在雨天进行了降水取样,对降水中的pH、电导率、常见阴离子(F-、Cl~-、NO_3~(2-)、SO_4~(2-))及部分重金属(铅和镉)进行监测分析。选择有相关数据的珠江三角洲和石家庄、厦门等地的降水中污染物的情况进行对比。结果表明,顺德新城区降水中的p H和部分阴离子浓度优于珠江三角洲平均值,酸雨类型属于硫酸和硝酸混合型;其水体洁净程度略差于石家庄;铅和镉的浓度也高于厦门,甚至部分超出了人体能直接接触的安全范围。     

Metabolism of trideuterated iso-lignoceric acid in rats in Vivo and in human fibroblasts in culture

Saturated very long chain fatty acids (fatty acids with greater than 22 carbon atoms; VLCFA) accumulate in peroxisomal disorders, but there is little information on their turnover in patients. To determine the suitability of using stable isotope-labeled VLCFA in patients with these disorders, the metabolism of 22-methyl[23,23,23-²H₃]tricosanoic (iso-lignoceric) acid was studied in rats in vivo and in human skin fibroblasts in culture. The deuterated iso-VLCFA was degraded to the corresponding 16- and 18-carbon iso-fatty acids by rats in vivo and by normal human skin fibroblasts in culture, but there was little or no degradation in peroxisome-deficient (Zellweger’s syndrome) fibroblasts, indicating that its oxidation was peroxisomal. Neither the 14-, 20-, and 22-carbon iso-fatty acids nor the corresponding odd-chain metabolites could be detected. In the rat, the organ containing most of the iso-lignoceric acid, and its breakdown products, was the liver, whereas negligible amounts were detected in the brain, suggesting that little of the fatty acid crossed the blood-brain barrier. Our data indicate that VLCFA labeled with deuterium at the ω-position of the carbon chain are suitable derivatives for the in vivo investigation of patients with defects in peroxisomal β-oxidation because they are metabolized by the same pathways as the corresponding n-VLCFA. Moreover, as iso-VLCFA and their β-oxidation products are readily separated from the corresponding n-fatty acids by normal chromatographic procedures, the turnover of VLCFA can be more precisely measured. A preliminary report of part of this work (Reference 18) was presented at the 5th International Symposium on the Synthesis and Applications of Isotopes and Isotopically Labelled Compounds, Strasbourg, France, June 20–24, 1994.     

高效液相色谱法分析化妆品中微量成分的研究进展

综述了高效液相色谱法在化妆品中防腐剂、防晒剂中紫外线吸收剂以及性激素的检测等几个方面的应用;同时,介绍了分析所用的色谱柱、流动相、使用的检测手段以及样品的提取方法;最后针对目前存在的问题,提出了高效液相色谱用于化妆品中微量成分分析的研究方向和发展前景。     

Denitrification in shallow groundwater in a coastal agricultural area in Japan

In a coastal agricultural area in the central part of Japan (Shizuoka), we found decreasing nitrate concentration with depth in a shallow groundwater, where the depth to water table varied between 0.6 and 1.2 m below ground surface. High nitrate concentrations (5–29 mg N L^–1) were often observed in the upper layer (0–2 m) of the groundwater, but the concentration decreased to less than 1 mg N L^–1 in the deeper layer. Ammonium was scarcely detected, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen was usually low (< 1 mgO₂ L^–1) in the groundwater. Nitrate in the groundwater often had very heavy nitrogen stable isotope ratios (>20{}). There was a negative relationship between nitrogen stable isotope ratio of nitrate and its concentration. When nitrate was injected into the groundwater with acetylene and bromide (a conservative tracer), nitrate concentration decreased to 20% of the initial level within 5 days, accompanied by the increase in nitrite and nitrous oxide concentration and a little change in bromide concentration. These results indicate that microbial denitrification plays a potential role in the decrease of nitrate in shallow groundwater at the study site.     

我国硝酸工业生产技术新进展

系统叙述了我国硝酸工业2000-2007年生产现状及主要技术成果,尤其指出了国产"四合一"机组的成功投运,使我国硝酸国产化装置取得较大的进步,表现在吨酸的铂耗、氨耗和能耗等方面接近国外引进装置水平,同时介绍了国外双加压法硝酸生产技术的进展.我国已成为硝酸生产大国,仍需以先进的技术改造和发展我国硝酸工业,确保我国硝酸工业健康有序地发展,加快从硝酸生产大国向强国迈进的步伐.