六角晶系钡铁氧体与锶铁氧体吸波性能的比较

采用柠檬酸盐溶胶一凝胶法制备了六角晶系钡铁氧体BaFe12O19与锶铁氧体SrFe12O19.采用XRD、AFM、TEM研究了产物的粒形、粒径与矿物组成.结果表明,铁氧体的平均粒径为50nm.采用网络分析仪分别测试了0.1～6GHz内铁氧体的介电常数、磁导率与12～18GHz内吸波涂层的微波损耗.结果表明,钡、锶铁氧体的介电常数虚部形态与损耗角正切形态基本相同,但钡铁氧体在较宽的频率范围内具有较多的损耗角正切峰值,钡铁氧体的吸波性能优于锶铁氧体.     

空心微珠铁氧体复合粉体的改性与吸波性能

研究了柠檬酸盐溶胶-凝胶方法制备空心微珠-钡、锶、钴镍钡铁氧体复合粉体的微观形貌, 采用化学添加剂改善铁氧体的包覆性能. SEM、EDS分析表明铁氧体在空心微珠表面的包覆状态与铁氧体种类无关; 在前驱体中加入乙二醇或聚乙二醇可以使铁氧体对空心微珠的包覆更加完整、牢固致密. 用网络分析仪测试了C波段5.0～6.5GHz、X波段8.2～12.4GHz、Ku波段12.5～18.0GHz内1.8mm厚铁氧体空心微珠复合粉体制备的吸波涂层的微波损耗. 试验表明：铁氧体空心微珠复合粉体具有良好的电磁吸波性能, 吸波涂层在5～18GHz内微波反射损失总体上大于单纯铁氧体涂层; 加入乙二醇或聚乙二醇有助于提高涂层的吸波效果.     

吸附钡铁氧体的多孔陶粒吸波材料制备及其性能

以硝酸铁、硝酸钡、柠檬酸为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成钡铁氧体溶胶,将其吸附于多孔陶粒表面和微孔中,经焙烧制备得到电磁吸波功能陶粒;再将该功能陶粒用作集料制备新型水泥基复合吸波材料。研究了合成的钡铁氧体的物相、形貌、复介电常数和复磁导率;结果表明合成的钡铁氧体纯度高,合成温度对其结晶度和晶体形貌有影响,经1000℃煅烧制得的钡铁氧体具有良好的吸波能力;对制得的功能陶粒进行了测试,结果表明钡铁氧体能包覆至陶粒表面和孔壁上;采用弓形法测得的功能陶粒水泥基吸波材料在8~18GHz频率范围内的电磁波反射率明显优于采用碎石和普通陶粒制备的试样。     

纳米钡铁氧体吸波材料的研究进展

介绍了钡铁氧体纳米材料的吸波机制,以及钡铁氧体纳米材料在制备以及吸波方面的研究进展,重点介绍了金属离子替代(Co、Ti、Zn、Cr和Al等)对钡铁氧体结构和吸波性能方面的研究.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备空心微珠表面钡铁氧体包覆层的研究

铁氧体是微波吸收材料的主要成分之一,应用非常广泛,但由于铁氧体比重较大,制成吸波材料难以满足吸收频带宽、质量轻、厚度薄的要求,因此实际使用的铁氧体吸波涂层往往不是单一的铁氧体涂层,而是通过复合制备成复合铁氧体吸波涂层.以质量轻、化学性能稳定的热电厂粉煤灰空心微珠为基体,以硝酸铁、硝酸钡和柠檬酸为原料,用溶胶-凝胶法在空心微珠表面包覆钡铁氧体涂层,并用差热分析仪(DTA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能谱仪(EDX)和扫描电镜(SEM)对其进行了分析表征,结果表明用溶胶-凝胶法在空心微珠表面能均匀地包覆一层薄的M-型钡铁氧体涂层.     

有机载体对钡铁氧体厚膜微结构的影响研究

本文采用丝网印刷方法来制备钡铁氧体厚膜,研究了钡铁氧体浆料的成分对钡铁氧体厚膜表面形貌的影响,并讨论了排胶时间对其表面形貌的影响.研究结果表明,采用松油醇和柠檬酸三丁酯构成的混合溶剂可以有效改善钡铁氧体浆料的挥发特性,进而降低钡铁氧体厚膜的气孔率,提高厚膜的饱和磁化强度.通过降低有机载体的比例,可以提高钡铁氧体厚膜的致...     

M型钡铁氧体制备及吸波特性研究

为进一步研究M型铁氧体的吸波性能,以硝酸铁、硝酸钡为原料,采用溶胶凝胶自蔓延法,制备了M型钡铁氧体纳米粉.借助XRD、TG-DTA、SEM、矢量网络分析仪对铁氧体材料的晶体结构、凝胶热分解过程、表面形貌及微波吸收特性进行了研究,同时根据传输线原理,通过理论计算预测了材料的最佳匹配厚度.研究表明:所制得的铁氧体为晶相单一的M型钡铁氧体,频率在6～18GHz,预测最佳匹配厚度为0.35cm,最小反射损耗达-13.5dB,反射损耗小于-10dB的带宽为0.7GHz,说明M型钡铁氧体具有电磁波吸收效应.     

基于超材料设计的钡铁氧体吸波涂层研究

本工作设计了一种基于超材料结构的钡铁氧体吸波涂层,分析了超材料的结构设计对钡铁氧体涂层吸波性能的影响,并对涂层的吸波机理进行了研究和讨论。通过仿真发现,钡铁氧体涂层经超材料设计改进后,吸波性能得到大幅增强,改进后的钡铁氧体涂层存在最佳的匹配厚度2.5mm和电阻膜方块电阻值70Ω/,此时涂层的吸收带宽最大,并存在两个吸收峰,在8～18GHz频段内反射损耗都小于-10dB。钡铁氧体通过超材料设计改进后,吸波性能得到极大改善。     

漂珠/钡铁氧体复合材料的制备和吸波性能

采用溶胶-凝胶自蔓延燃烧法制备出漂珠/钡铁氧体低密度磁性复合材料,用扫描电镜、热重-差热分析仪、X射线衍射仪、振动样品磁强计和矢量网络分析仪表征了样品的形貌、结构、电磁性能和吸波性能。结果表明:在漂珠表面形成的钡铁氧体包覆层厚度为5-15 nm,颗粒粒径均小于60 nm。复合材料由六角晶钡铁氧体、α-氧化铁及少量莫来石和石英组成,其磁性能随钡铁氧体与漂珠质量比的增大而增强。复合材料在2-18 GHz频段具有较好的介电损耗和磁损耗性能,当吸波材料厚度为1.5 mm、在14.2 GHz处反射损耗峰值为-29.2 d B,反射损耗小于-10 dB的带宽为4.5 GHz。     

钡铁氧体的表面改性与红外隐身性能的研究

以硝酸铁、硝酸钡和柠檬酸为原料，采用溶胶．凝胶自蔓延法制得钡铁氧体。为使钡铁氧体具有红外隐身性能，利用化学镀工艺对其表面进行金属化改性可以得到表面完整包覆的导电粉末。借助于XRD、SEM等测试手段，对材料的晶体结构及表面形貌进行了观察和分析表征，利用FT-IR的漫反射系统对钡铁氧体及钡铁氧体表面改性材料的红外隐身性能进行测试，结果表明：所制得的钡铁氧体为M型钡铁氧体，在8～14μm的平均红外发射率为0．8542；而经过表面改性后的钡铁氧体，在8～14μm的平均红外发射率为0．5910，具有良好的红外隐身性能。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.