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以鄱阳湖最大补给河流赣江为研究对象,以其外洲站记录的水文资料为基础数据,利用多元统计方法分析赣江1965年~2015年的多时间尺度水位变化特征,具体包括年尺度、月尺度和日尺度等3种水位变化特征,在此基础上运用Morlet小波分析方法对赣江年平均水位进行周期性分析。结果表明,在1965年~2015年期间,赣江年最高水位变化为18. 45~25. 60 m,年最低水位变化为11. 50~17. 17 m,年平均水位变化为14. 83~19. 63 m;赣江多年月平均水位为17. 92 m,以6月份最高,以1月份最低;赣江历年平均水位呈现下降趋势,且在1998年~2011年间下降速度尤其明显;赣江历年平均水位存在17~22 a和8~14 a这2类较为明显的周期变化规律。 相似文献
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基于小波分析的浑河流域径流量周期分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用浑河流域北口前、抚顺、邢家窝棚三个水文站1954―2011年径流量资料,采用Morlet小波分析法对径流序列进行周期分析。结果表明:流域径流演变过程存在明显的多时间尺度特征,存在5―10年、15―20年、35―40年时间尺度的周期变化,且16年尺度的周期变化最明显。 相似文献
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雅鲁藏布江河川径流变化的季节性规律研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用雅鲁藏布江干流奴下水文站1956~2008年实测径流序列资料,采用Morlet小波分析雅鲁藏布江干流径流年际变化和季节性变化的多时间尺度演变规律,揭示了不同尺度下径流变化周期。结果表明:雅鲁藏布江流域年径流和各季节径流存在8~10 a左右时间尺度的丰枯交替,表现出明显的周期特征,其次14~16 a左右时间尺度的周期特征也较明显。研究还发现,雅鲁藏布江夏季径流量占年径流量的53.62%,夏季径流变化趋势与年径流具有较大相似性,不同时间尺度的周期特征之间有不同程度的吻合,说明夏季径流较大程度的控制着年径流。 相似文献
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以鄱阳湖13个气象站1957~2013年的逐月降水量、平均气温、各站点纬度和同期水位站逐月平均水位为实验数据,分别计算1、3、6、12、24、48个月尺度下标准降水指数(SPI)和标准降水蒸散指数(SPEI)时间序列,并利用Morlet小波分析理论,分析了该序列多时间尺度变化特征。基于Mann-Kendall检验,分析了鄱阳湖气象干旱趋势特征;利用Spearman秩相关系数,研究了不同时间尺度SPI和SPEI序列与月平均水位的相关关系。研究表明,鄱阳湖流域SPI和SPEI序列存在约68个月变化的主周期,两个主要特征时间尺度变化的强分布;气象干旱与湖水位的相关关系随时间尺度的增大而减弱。 相似文献
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为了研究二九零灌区水稻生育期降水量变化的多时间尺度结构特征,采用Morlet子波变换分析法,对1957~2010年的水稻生育期降水量进行了小波分析.结果表明:54年来,二九零灌区水稻生育期降水量存在2次丰枯交替变化的周期,且存在明显的5年、8年和25年的3类特征时间尺度和相应的震荡周期[1-2].小波方差进一步分析发现... 相似文献
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近50年来长江宜昌站水温变化的多尺度分析 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
基于1956~2006年月均水温和年均水温资料,采用复Morlet小波函数,对长江中游宜昌水文站近50年来河流水温的年内变化和年际变化时间序列进行了小波分析,揭示了宜昌水文站水温变化的多时间尺度的复杂结构,分析了不同时间尺度下水温序列变化的周期和突变点,并根据主周期对未来水温变化进行了预测。结果表明,近50年来宜昌站河流水温变化具有多层次的时间尺度结构,年水温和各季节水温均存在10~16年和4~6年左右时间尺度的周期变化,水温变化的阶段性特征明显。经水温变化趋势分析,2006~2008年左右年均水温处于偏高期,在2009~2012年左右水温将偏低。该研究结果为长江中游宜昌江段重要水生生物动态变化的水温响应研究提供了参考。 相似文献
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运用小波分析的多分辨率功能,对韩江近62年年径流多时间尺度演变特征进行分析。结果表明:韩江年径流演变过程存在明显的多时间尺度特征,在不同的时间尺度分辨率下,会表现出不同的周期交替现象,主要存在17年、12年、7年及4年左右的振荡周期。径流量在整个研究时域内主要经历了6次丰枯交替变化,从中尺度来看,未来几年可能会出现持续来水偏少的状况。 相似文献
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根据冗各电站地下厂房开挖支护的施工顺序,以隐式杆单元模拟锚杆,以壳单元模拟混凝土喷层,采用三维非线性有限元技术,对洞室群的开挖支护动态过程进行了模拟计算。通过三维非线性有限元计算分析得到:洞室群动态开挖过程中围岩应力变形的分布规律,围岩塑性区的发展规律,锚杆受力变化情况。计算结果表明:整个开挖过程中,洞周围岩位移变化规律正常,量值较小,塑性区主要分布在洞室周边,围岩稳定性较好;但在洞室交叉口处围岩的变形较大,出现较大范围的塑性区,在此基础上提出了支护措施优化方案,并对优化方案的效果进行了评价。 相似文献
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The relocation of unionacean mussels is commonly used as a conservation and management tool in large rivers and streams. Relocation has been used to recolonize areas where mussel populations have been eliminated by prior pollution events, to remove mussels from construction zones and to re-establish populations of endangered species. More recently, relocation has been used to protect native freshwater mussels from colonization by the exotic zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. We conducted a literature review of mussel relocations and evaluated their relative success as a conservation and management strategy. We found that 43% of all relocations were conducted because of construction projects that were forced to comply with the Endangered Species Act 1973 and that only 16% were monitored for five or more consecutive years. Most (43%) relocation projects were conducted from July to September, presumably a period when reproductive stress is relatively low for most species and the metabolic rate is sufficient for reburrowing in the substrate. The mortality of relocated mussels was unreported in 27% of projects; reported mortality varied widely among projects and species and was difficult to assess. The mean mortality of relocated mussels was 49% based on an average recovery rate of 43%. There is little guidance on the methods for relocation or for monitoring the subsequent long-term status of relocated mussels. Based on this evaluation, research is needed to develop criteria for selecting a suitable relocation site and to establish appropriate methods and guidelines for conducting relocation projects. 相似文献
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In the lower River Murray, Australia, populations of gastropods have declined markedly over the past 40 years. Of the native fauna of about 18 species, only the ancylid Ferrissia petterdi remains common (but in patches), and another five species feature in sporadic local resurgences. Until recently the viviparid Notopala was thought to be extinct. The introduced physid Physa acuta is widespread, but in low numbers. The decline probably is associated with flow regulation, high turbidity and the introduction of common carp. Snail populations have persisted, however, in irrigation pipelines fed from the river, where they periodically cause blockages. This paper reports the discovery of the only known populaion of Notopala hanleyi in a pipeline where the inner wall accumulates microbial and other organic matter, providing high quality food for snails. In the Murray before regulation most of the periphytic biomass was probably microbial, as fluctuating water levels would have maintained littoral communities in a highly productive, early state of succession his postulated that, by stabilizing seasonal water levels, regulation has promoted the production of filamentous green algae, an inferior food source, and so displaced snail populations from the open aquatic environment. 相似文献
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V. K. Konovalov O. V. Yashkin V. V. Ermakov 《Power Technology and Engineering (formerly Hydrotechnical Construction)》2008,42(2):105-109
A system for removal and pneumatic transport of fly ash is examined, in which air pulses act on batches (pistons) of ash formed
in a duct. Studies are made of the effect of several physical parameters on the force required to displace a piston of ash
and these serve as a basis for choosing a system for removal and pneumatic transport of ash simultaneously from several hoppers
of an electric precipitator. This makes it possible to separate the ash particles according to size without introducing additional
components. Formulas are given for calculating the structural and dynamic parameters of this system and measurements of indirect
dynamic parameters are used to calculate the input-output characteristics of the system. In order to optimize the system,
configurations for summing several ducts into a single transport duct for pneumatic ash transport are proposed. Some variants
of dry ash utilization and the advantages of producing of size-separated particles are considered.
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Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 2, pp. 26–30 (2008). 相似文献
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Peter B. Bayley 《河流研究与利用》1991,6(2):75-86
The ‘flood pulse advantage’ is the amount by which fish yield per unit mean water area is increased by a natural, predictable flood pulse. Evidence for this increase is presented from tropical and temperate fisheries. It is argued that increasing multispecies fish yield by restoring the natural hydrological regime is consistent with increasing production of other trophic levels and with restoration from ecological and aesthetic viewpoints. When applied to a river-floodplain system, this restoration would provide a large, self-sustaining potential for recreation, commercial exploitation, and flood control. An interim ‘natural flood pulse’ restoration approach is proposed for systems modified for navigation. This approach approximates the natural hydrological regime in a river reach and is intended as a first step in the long process of restoring the watershed. 相似文献
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简述天湖水电站投运以来各种故障的表现形式,分析其原因,提出了相应的处理方法及措施,并对合理利用国内外设备提出建议。 相似文献