A Component Framework Based on High-Level Replacement Systems

This paper is based on two general concepts. The first one is a generic component framework for system modeling presented at FASE 2002, which is especially useful for graph- and net-based modeling techniques. The second one is the concept of high-level replacement systems, which has been studied within the last decade as an abstraction of the DPO-approach for graph transformation systems in a categorical framework, with instantiations to a large class of different modeling techniques. In this contribution both concepts are combined in the sense that the generic transformation concept - essentially used in the component framework - is instantiated by high-level replacement systems. As the main result we show how the properties for transformations required in the component framework can be shown in the case of high-level replacement systems. Moreover, some interesting extensions concerning multiple interfaces, union, and operational semantics of components are proposed.     

The Principles of Calculus of Behavior Scenarios of Complex Systems in the ECS

Theoretical results of the development of the principles of scenario calculus are presented, which are obtained in the framework of the design of an emergency control system (ECS). Relying on the suggested system concept of the formation of a scenario system, consideration is given to the principles of the construction of operations in scenario spaces, which account for specific features of the scenario analysis and the process of the decision-making in the ECS. Principal problems of the development of scenario calculus on the basis of a system approach are treated, the classification of operations on scenarios is given, and a number of operations on elements of the basic metacollection are formalized.     

Components for Algebra Transformation Systems

In this paper we study the instantiation of the generic notion of component introduced before in terms of algebra transformation systems, where refinements are defined by means of high-level replacement rules. With this work we follow two aims. On one hand we show that our generic component concept is not purely syntactic, but it may take into account the semantics of the specifications involved. On the other hand, with this instantiation we strengthen the role of our component concept in the study of component-based heterogeneous systems.     

A component framework for system modeling based on high-level replacement systems

The aim of this paper is to present a generic component framework for system modeling that satisfies main requirements for component-based development in software engineering. In this sense, we have defined a framework that can be used, by providing an adequate instantiation, in connection with a large class of semi-formal and formal modeling techniques. Moreover, the framework is also flexible with respect to the connection of components, providing a compositional semantics of components. This means more precisely that the semantics of a system can be inferred from the semantics of its components. In contrast to other component concepts for data type specification techniques, our component framework is based on a generic notion of transformations. In particular, refinements and transformations are used to express intradependencies, between the export interface and the body of a component, and interdependencies, between the import and the export interfaces of different components. The generic component framework generalizes module concepts for different kinds of Petri nets and graph transformation systems proposed in the literature, and seems to be also suitable for visual modeling techniques, including parts of the UML, if these techniques provide a suitable refinement or transformation concept. In this paper the generic approach is instantiated in two steps. First to high-level replacement systems generalizing the transformation concept of graph transformations. In a second step it is further instantiated to low-level and high-level Petri nets. To show applicability we present sample components from a case study in the domain of production automation as proposed in a priority program of the German Research Council (DFG).     

一种服务消息交互行为的元建模方法

为了提高服务消息接口的规范性和交互行为的正确性,提出了一种服务消息交互的元建模方法。基于工作流模型对服务进行建模,通过对消息操作模式予以分析,给出了接口形式化表示和接口相容性检查方法。采用推理规则和递归函数刻画消息传递的语义,讨论了服务交互时各种环境的变化情况。实例分析表明,该方法可以规范服务接口模式,有效地对消息的交互情景进行建模,进而保障服务建模的可靠性。     

UML顺序图的结构化操作语义研究

UML顺序图侧重于展示对象之间的消息交互过程,但其动态语义缺乏形式化的描述,不利于对顺序图模型的准确理解和基于该模型的测试用例生成。为此,依据UML1. 5规范,采用BN定义顺序图的形式化语法,提出了活动点的概念;在此基础上,讨论并给出了单个对象执行消息动作的结构化操作语义以及顺序图模型的整体结构化操作语义,为模型检验和基于顺序图的测试用例生成提供了前提。     

语义驱动的集成化产品建模

针对复杂产品研发过程中多领域协同对产品知识共享和重用的需求,提出一种语义驱动的集成化产品建模方法.结合多本体技术,给出了集成化产品建模框架,该框架由概念层和模型层构成,概念层包括高层核心产品本体和领域本体,模型层由主模型和领域模型等一族模型构成;同时还给出了集成化产品模型的形式化语义描述,在构建高层核心产品本体的基础上建立主模型;基于多领域本体,进行由概念层语义驱动的领域模型快速重构,在语义理解基础上实现跨领域的产品知识重用.     

移动Agent系统的主动通信机制

解决由Agent移动产生的可靠性通信问题.在分析已有方法的基础上,提出一种保证移动Agent之间可靠、高效通信的"主动通信"机制,并给出它的可靠性分析和通信效率分析.它能够在通信双方自由移动的情况下,将消息可靠、高效地从发送方提交给接收方,并承诺消息传递的exactly-once语义,为Agent通信语言等高层通信方式奠定了可靠的基础.     

Bounded MSC communication

Message sequence charts (MSCs) and high-level message sequence charts (HMSCs) are popular formalisms for the specification of communication protocols between asynchronous processes. An important concept in this context is the size of the communication buffers used between processes. Since real systems impose limitations on the capacity (or speed) of communication links, we ask whether a given HMSC can be implemented with respect to a given buffer size imposed by the environment. We introduce four different measures for buffer sizes and investigate for each of these measures the complexity of deciding whether a given MSC (or HMSC, or nested MSC) satisfies a given bound on the buffer size. The complexity of these problems varies between the classes P, NP, and coNP.     

基于本体的图像自动标注

提出一种新的图像本体标注的框架,结合领域本体中概念的关系,通过层次概率标注来获得图像高层语义概念的标注,实现待标注图像语义的自动标注。我们将图像的语义可以定义为属性概念和高层抽象概念,采用二次标注方法实现对于图像语义的自动标注。实验证明,本文的方法可以使图像获得丰富的高层抽象语义概念标注,从而缩小"语义鸿沟",有效提高了检索的效率和精确度。     

一种基于RippleNet模型的推荐精度提高方法

RippleNet模型引入向量表示的同时充分利用实体连接关系,挖掘高阶语义,实现精准推荐,但并没有充分考虑到数据的重要性。通过构建概念图谱的最大子网,消除数据的冗余,提高RippleNet模型的推荐精度。利用构建最大子网的思想,通过最大子网以消除原始数据冗余。处理冗余数据后,对比原始数据,在Top-k场景中不同k值的平均准确率提高1%,在CTR点击率预测场景下所得到的平均AUC值从91.3%提高到91.9%。实验表明,通过提取最大子网可以提高推荐精度。     

多层视频语义概念分析与理解

基于统计学理论,提出了一种视频多粒度语义分析的通用方法,使得多层次语义分析与多模式信息融合得到统一.为了对时域内容进行表示,首先提出一种具有时间语义语境约束的关键帧选取策略和注意力选择模型;在基本视觉语义识别后,采用一种多层视觉语义分析框架来抽取视觉语义;然后应用隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)和贝叶斯决策进行音频语义理解;最后用一种具有两层结构的仿生多模式融合方案进行语义信息融合.实验结果表明,该方法能有效融合多模式特征,并提取不同粒度的视频语义.     

The semantic pathfinder: using an authoring metaphor for generic multimedia indexing

This paper presents the semantic pathfinder architecture for generic indexing of multimedia archives. The semantic pathfinder extracts semantic concepts from video by exploring different paths through three consecutive analysis steps, which we derive from the observation that produced video is the result of an authoring-driven process. We exploit this authoring metaphor for machine-driven understanding. The pathfinder starts with the content analysis step. In this analysis step, we follow a data-driven approach of indexing semantics. The style analysis step is the second analysis step. Here, we tackle the indexing problem by viewing a video from the perspective of production. Finally, in the context analysis step, we view semantics in context. The virtue of the semantic pathfinder is its ability to learn the best path of analysis steps on a per-concept basis. To show the generality of this novel indexing approach, we develop detectors for a lexicon of 32 concepts and we evaluate the semantic pathfinder against the 2004 NIST TRECVID video retrieval benchmark, using a news archive of 64 hours. Top ranking performance in the semantic concept detection task indicates the merit of the semantic pathfinder for generic indexing of multimedia archives.     

公交自动语音报站及文字信息同步显示系统设计

分析了我国城市公交自动语音报站及文字信息同步显示应用现状,提出一种如何将技术转化为产品并适应实际应用环境,能体现产品的"产品化"设计理念.基于这种理念,给出了一个具体的站点数据配置中心的设计方案和车载设备的硬软件设计方案,详细阐述了其工作原理.     

基于高级Petri网的仿真剧情正规校核方法

针对仿真剧情主观校核不理想这一问题,提出了基于高级Petri网的仿真剧情正规校核方法．首先给出仿真剧情的形式化定义,并分析仿真剧情可能存在的错误类型;其次给出仿真剧情到高级Petri网的映射途径,并给出基于高级Petri网的仿真剧情校核准则和算法,此外,还给出实现仿真剧情动态校核的推理规则和机制;最后给出了一个正规校核工具框架．实际应用已经证明了该方法的有效性．     

On the Expressiveness of Linda Coordination Primitives

We introduce a process algebra containing the coordination primitives of Linda (asynchronous communication via a shared data space, read operation, nonblocking test operators on the shared space). We compare two possible semantics for the output operation: the former, that we call ordered, defines the output as an operation that returns when the message has reached the shared data space; the latter, that we call unordered, returns just after sending the message to the tuple space. The process algebra under the ordered semantics is Turing powerful, as we are able to program any random access machine. The main result of the paper is that the process algebra under the unordered semantics is not Turing powerful. This result is achieved by resorting to a net semantics in terms of contextual nets (P/T nets with inhibitor and read arcs) and by showing that there exists a deadlock-preserving simulation of such nets by finite P/T nets, a formalism where termination is decidable.     

信息安全报警多级融合模型

报警融合是精简冗余报警,识别复杂攻击场景的有效方法,当前的报警融合方法大都局限于融合的特定方面。多级融合模型通过报警的标准化、验证、聚合与关联等环节,可以层层精简报警,从低层报警中抽象出高层攻击场景。实验结果证明该模型是可行的,且具有较高性能。     

基于消息顺序图和Petri网的移动应用监测平台建模分析

随着移动互联网的迅猛发展,移动应用的数量呈现井喷式的爆发,对其性能、故障和短板进行实时、有效的监测与分析是保证系统正常运行的关键。统一建模语言(Unified Modeling Language,UML)作为一种功能较强的面向对象的图形建模工具,可以对移动应用监测平台进行建模分析,但在其过程描述中缺乏严格的语义。Petri网作为一种离散事件动态系统的建模和分析方法,提供了在逻辑时序下研究系统特性和性能的有效手段,并具有图形方法的直观性和逻辑方法的概括性。通过将基于UML消息顺序图和Petri网的建模方法应用到移动应用监测平台的分析过程中,针对用户下发的监测任务构建系统的消息顺序图和Petri网模型,利用消息顺序图对平台各对象之间在时间顺序上的交互关系进行了验证,并利用Petri网化简规则和状态方程对该模型进行了结构上的正确性验证和可达性分析。     

Multimodal extraction of events and of information about the recording activity in user generated videos

In this work we propose methods that exploit context sensor data modalities for the task of detecting interesting events and extracting high-level contextual information about the recording activity in user generated videos. Indeed, most camera-enabled electronic devices contain various auxiliary sensors such as accelerometers, compasses, GPS receivers, etc. Data captured by these sensors during the media acquisition have already been used to limit camera degradations such as shake and also to provide some basic tagging information such as the location. However, exploiting the sensor-recordings modality for subsequent higher-level information extraction such as interesting events has been a subject of rather limited research, further constrained to specialized acquisition setups. In this work, we show how these sensor modalities allow inferring information (camera movements, content degradations) about each individual video recording. In addition, we consider a multi-camera scenario, where multiple user generated recordings of a common scene (e.g., music concerts) are available. For this kind of scenarios we jointly analyze these multiple video recordings and their associated sensor modalities in order to extract higher-level semantics of the recorded media: based on the orientation of cameras we identify the region of interest of the recorded scene, by exploiting correlation in the motion of different cameras we detect generic interesting events and estimate their relative position. Furthermore, by analyzing also the audio content captured by multiple users we detect more specific interesting events. We show that the proposed multimodal analysis methods perform well on various recordings obtained in real live music performances.