COIL用高反膜总积分散射的测量方案探讨

根据ＣＯＩＬ用反射镜和工作条件，提出了改进的Ｃｏｂｌｅｎｔｚ半球测量０°和４５°入射情况下ＴＩＳ散射的方案，与其它测量方法作了比较．     

激光损伤的光散射法判别研究

在激光损伤测量系统中,利用光散射法判别激光薄膜损伤,需要寻求光源和探测器之间的最佳位置。为此,在不同损伤激光脉冲能量、不同测量入射角度(0°,30°,45°,60°)和不同探测器距离(200,250 mm)条件下,研究了损伤点散射光能量的角分布。获得结果如下:在相同的探测角度上,散射光能量随着损伤面积和测试光入射角度增加而增加。在探测角度小于反射角度时,随着探测角度增加散射光能量逐渐变强;当探测角度大于反射角度后,随着散射角度增加散射光能量逐渐变弱。散射光相对能量在反射光方向附近出现极大值;在60°入射时,散射光相对能量具有最大值;探测距离在200 mm时,最大散射光相对能量大于探测距离在250 mm时。根据以上结论,可以确定在利用光散射判别损伤的测量系统中,探测器应放置在反射光方向的两侧,并且尽量增加测试光入射角度和缩小探测器与样片间距离。     

高反射膜抗激光损伤的研究进展

介绍了高反射膜的研究现状和意义,重点综述了高反射膜的制备方法,损伤阈值测定,抗激光损伤性能的研究,以及研究热点,最后对其前景进行了展望.     

大型天文望远镜反射涂层的特性

用于天文望远镜的银增强大型反射镜,具有良好的光学特性。但银反射镜存在与玻璃基板 附着差,容易受大气污染物侵蚀的弱点。研制铜基银增强型反射镜,由于铜和银膜间的相互作用,克服了上述缺点,取得了较好的效果。     

车削铝镜红外高反射膜镀制

在红外光谱系统中使用的车削铝镜上镀制高反射膜时,由于铝镜镜面较柔软,用常规擦拭 清洗的方法易划伤镜面,可以在镀制前利用有机物熏蒸的方法清洗车削铝镜,既溶解清洗了表面附着的油污和灰尘,又保护了铝镜镜面。用该方法清洗后镀制的金膜反射率在近红外波段达到98%以上,膜层牢固,使用效果较好。     

半导体激光器后腔面高反射涂层的研究

采用金属银(Ag)做为高反射镀膜材料，ZrO2介质膜作为与激光器端面的绝缘层和Ag保护膜，在激光器后腔面实现了高反射涂层。经激光器光电特性测试表明，该高反射膜系能使激光器输出功率提高60％，阈值电流减小20％～50％，并且具有良好的化学稳定性、热稳定性和机械强度，能有效保护半导体激光器后腔面。     

基于偏振双反射膜的5MHz频差He-Ne双频激光器

提出了一种利用特殊多层反射膜—应力双反射膜制作的偏振双反射膜He Ne双频激光器 ,这种膜对不同偏振光在垂直入射时反射系数相位跃变不同。利用横向Zeeman效应减小模式耦合 ,使激光器能够输出 5MHz频差的正交线偏振光。进行了横向磁场的方向及激光器的偏振特性的实验研究。采用热补偿法稳频后 ,与中国计量科学研究院的碘稳频激光器 (波长扩展不确定度为 2 5× 10 - 1 1 )进行了拍频比对 ,比对结果表明 :激光器的频率稳定度为 1 4× 10 - 1 0 (10s采样 ) ,平均真空波长扩展不确定度为 3× 10 - 8(K =3)。这种双频激光器结构简单 ,光束特性好 ,频差合适 ,适于制作高测速外差干涉仪。     

光学显示PC镜片多层反射膜的设计与制备

光学显示仪器前的镜片需要通过镀膜来对特定波段形成高反射,国内绝大多数的光学显示镜片还是玻璃,本文以聚碳酸酯(PC)镜片作为基底,采用真空镀膜技术,在聚碳酸酯(PC)镜片上镀高反射膜,研究了不同膜系结构(层数不同)的反射膜对特定波段的反射效果。研究结果表明,采用了5层膜的设计,PC在可见光区的400nm波段到700nm波段的最高反射率从9.5%上升到85%。PC在特定波段的反射率得到了明显的提高。     

真空退火Co/Pt多层膜的结构、磁及磁光特性分析

本文用直流磁控溅射方法制备了Co／Pt多层膜,并对其进行了较为细致的真空退火处理,结果表明,适度的低温退火可增加Co／Pt多层膜的矫顽力,而并不削弱其磁滞克尔回线的矩形特征．当退火温度达到300℃以后,Co／Pt多层膜的矫顽力、垂直各向异性和克尔角将强烈下降,晶体结构的改善及应力的释放、晶粒的增长、层间原子扩散引起的Co层有效厚度减薄,进而居里温度的下降,分别是Co／Pt多层膜在低温、中温、高温退火过程中,磁及磁光性能变化的主要机制．     

Thermophysical Properties of Fluids from Dynamic Light Scattering

In a continuous development for more than three decades, dynamic light scattering (DLS) has evolved into a versatile and powerful technique for the determination of transport and other thermophysical properties of fluids. The success is founded on its application in a macroscopic thermodynamic equilibrium, i.e., without the need for employing external gradients, to determine a large variety of properties, which can be derived, in some instances even simultaneously, by an appropriate experimental approach and a corresponding signal analysis. The principles, essential features, and variants of the technique are reviewed, and a survey on the determination of various desired transport and thermophysical properties is given, both for the application of light scattering from bulk fluids and for the variant of surface light scattering (SLS). The stage of development and the corresponding uncertainties are discussed for the measurement of the individual quantities, and the performance of the method is demonstrated by representative experimental results for relevant fluids.     

Light scattering losses of high reflection dielectric multilayer optical devices

Light scattering losses from dielectric multilayer are becoming increasingly important for designing high precision performance optical devices. In this paper, we applied the bi-directional reflectance distribution function of optical multilayer and analyzed the total reflectance scattering losses based on both the completely correlated and non-correlated interface models to compare with a high reflection 17-layer optical multilayer deposited on roughness of 2.8 nm substrates. The experimental result supports the completely correlated interface model as firstly the wavelength dependence is in good agreement with the phase change of the calculated result and secondly the calculated scattering intensity of the completely correlated interface scattering model is approximately the same as that of the measured scattering spectrum, while the intensity using the non-correlated interface scattering model is significantly higher than the measured result in the high transmission ranges and lower in the main band of the high reflection range.     

On Two Numerical Techniques for Light Scattering by Dielectric Agglomerated Structures

Smoke agglomerates are made of many soot sphcres, and their light scattering response is of interest in fire research. The numerical techniques chiefly used for theoretical scattering studies are the method of moments and the coupled dipole moment. The two methods have been obtained in this tutorial paper directly from the monochromatic Maxwell curl equations and shown to be equivalent. The effects of the finite size of the primary spheres have been numerically delineated.     

A Method for Calculating Thermal Radiation Properties of Multilayer Films from Optical Constants

A calculation method for the incident angle dependence of the solar absorptance _S and the temperature dependence of the total hemispherical emittance _H of multilayer films is proposed. The method is based on calculation of _S and _H from optical constants in the wavelength region from 0.25 to 100 m for thin polymer films and deposited metal. In this paper we provide values of _S in the incident angle region from 0 to 90° and _H in the temperature range from 173.15 to 373.15 K for two-layer samples of aluminum-deposited polyimide film. The results obtained for _S and _H by the present method are compared with experimental results measured by both spectroscopic and calorimetric methods. The calculated results of _S and _H agree well with the experimental results.     

Cu基Al掺杂ZnO多层薄膜的生长和性能

本文采用直流磁控溅射技术在玻璃衬底上制备了AZO／Cu、Cu／AZO和AZO／Cu／AZO三种复合结构多层膜,研究了生长温度对多层膜特性的影响,发现AZO／Cu双层薄膜具有最优的光电性能,其最佳生长温度为100～150℃。文中进一步考察了生长温度对AZO／Cu双层薄膜结构性能和表面形貌的影响,结果表明：合适的生长温度有利于改善AZO／Cu双层薄膜的晶体质量,进而提高其光电性能;150℃下沉积的薄膜具有最佳品质因子1．11×10^-2Ω^-1,此时方块电阻为8．99Ω／sq,可见光透过率为80％,近红外反射率约70％。本文在较低温度下制备的AZO／Cu双层膜具有较优的透明导电性和良好的近红外反射     

Gd掺杂对PZT薄膜介电性能及极化行为的影响

采用sol-gel法在Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si衬底上制备出高度(100)择优取向的Gd掺杂PZT薄膜(简写为PGZT); 介电测试结果表明, 1mol%Gd掺杂的PZT薄膜介电常数最大, 2mol%Gd掺杂PZT薄膜与未掺杂薄膜的介电常数相差不大, Gd掺入量>2mol%时, 薄膜的介电常数下降; 薄膜的不可逆极化值呈现与介电常数相同的变化趋势, 而可逆极化值变化较小. 在弱电场下(低于矫顽场E_c), 用瑞利定律分析薄膜介电常数随电场强度的变化规律, 1mol%Gd掺杂的薄膜瑞利系数α最大, 说明薄膜中缺陷的浓度最低. 1mol%Gd掺杂的薄膜介电和铁电性能的改善与Gd³⁺在PZT晶格中的占位情况有关.     

Viscosity and Surface Tension of Saturated Toluene from Surface Light Scattering (SLS)

It is demonstrated that dynamic light scattering (DLS) on a horizontal gas– liquid interface can be used for the reliable determination of surface tension and liquid kinematic viscosity. In contrast to the more usual approaches of surface light scattering (SLS) spectroscopy, a setup is used and described here which makes it possible to measure the capillary wave propagation characteristics in the forward scattering direction at variable wave numbers. The experiments in this work rely on a heterodyne detection scheme and signal analysis by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). Surface tension and liquid viscosity data of the important and, thus, well-documented reference fluid toluene have been measured under saturation conditions over a wide temperature range, from 263 to 383 K. These data demonstrate the excellent performance of the surface light scattering technique. The achievable accuracy of this technique is discussed in detail for both properties in connection with reference values available in the literature.     

多层纳米TiO2薄膜的摩擦学性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在普通载玻片上制备了1-4层纳米TiO2薄膜,使用AFM、SEM及UMT-2MT摩擦试验机等考察了薄膜的表面形貌、磨痕形貌及不同条件下的摩擦学性能.实验结果表明,所制备的薄膜平整、致密并具有良好的减摩抗磨性能.与TiO2/GCr15钢球相比TiO2/Si3N4陶瓷球摩擦副的摩擦学性能更稳定;薄膜的耐磨性能并不随膜层数的增加而增大,2层薄膜具有最佳的摩擦学性能;薄膜的摩擦失效机理主要为严重塑性变形、磨粒磨损和局部脆性断裂.     

Cu基Al掺杂ZnO多层薄膜的生长及其性能

本文采用直流磁控溅射技术在玻璃衬底上制备了AZO/Cu、Cu/AZO和AZO/Cu/AZO三种复合结构多层膜,研究了生长温度对多层膜特性的影响,发现AZO/Cu双层薄膜具有最优的光电性能,其最佳生长温度为100~150℃。文中进一步考察了生长温度对AZO/Cu双层薄膜结构性能和表面形貌的影响,结果表明：合适的生长温度有...     

动态光散射在颗粒检测中的应用

动态光散射是常用的一种用于检测颗粒粒径分布的方法。本文详细介绍了该技术在测量颗粒粒径、介电常数、传导率、旋转扩散系数、环境的影响以及结晶条件等方面的研究进展,并对该技术的发展及应用做出了进一步的讨论,提出了动态光散射方法存在的问题,以及克服动态光散射的背景噪声、提高光源质量以及建立更智能化的算法等研究方向。