共查询到11条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Xia L Bai LP Yi L Liu BB Chu C Liang ZT Li P Jiang ZH Zhao ZZ 《Microscopy research and technique》2007,70(11):960-968
Microscopic authentication is an effective method for quality control of Chinese Materia Medica (CMM) because of its speed, convenience and low cost. However, the application of modern microscopic technique in quality evaluation of Toxic and Potent Chinese Materia Medica (T/PCMM) of animal origin is seldom reported. This gap in published knowledge is increasingly serious because confusion in T/PCMM has led to serious medical problems in China and other countries in recent years. To ensure the safe and effective use of T/PCMM, an accurate and convenient method, based on macroscopic and microscopic techniques, was developed for the authentication of animal T/PCMM. The color microscopic photos of the crude drug were acquired with the light microscope, and from these their morphological and microscopic characters were described. The present method was successfully applied in the analysis of 31 T/PCMM including 17 samples originating from plants, 3 from animals, 9 from minerals, and the remaining 2 from secreta. The macro- and microscopic characters of three animal T/PCMM, namely Mylabris (Mylabris phalerata or Mylabris cichorii), Huechys (Huechys sanguinea), and Lytta (Lytta caraganae) were conclusively determined and are here presented. The results demonstrated that it was feasible to use the present microscopic characters for the authentication of the above three animal T/PCMM. 相似文献
2.
Toxic and Potent Chinese Materia Medica (T/PCMM) are being used more and more in the treatment of various diseases. In view of their toxic side effects and to ensure their safe use, accurate and reliable authentication is indispensable. However, identifying characteristics of T/PCMM are seldom reported, even though modern microscopy can provide ample, unique identifying characteristics from cells found in transverse sections and powders. In particular, no systematic authentication studies on seed T/PCMM have been conducted. In the course of our study on 31 T/PCMM originating from plants, animals, minerals, and secreta, an accurate and convenient method, based on microscopic techniques, has been developed and reported for the authentication of animal T/PCMM. The present study deals with detailed investigations on three species of seed T/PCMM, namely Semen Hyoscyami (Hyoscyamus niger L.), Semen Euphorbiae (Euphorbia lathyris L.), and Semen Strychni (Strychnos nux-vomica L.). The macroscopic characters are here described in detail, and the microscopic characters were conclusively determined by common and polarized light microscopy. Results showed that these three T/PCMM can be easily identified by the present method even when powdered and combined. Thus, the microscopic method is applicable for authentication of the earlier three T/PCMM, and the morphological and microscopic characteristics described here are proposed as parameters to establish the authenticity of these three T/PCMM. 相似文献
3.
Chu Chu Li Xia Li-Ping Bai Qin Li Ping Li Hu-Biao Chen Zhong-Zhen Zhao 《Microscopy research and technique》2009,72(6):454-463
Toxic and potent Chinese Materia Medica (T/PCMM) has become a hot and sensitive topic as more and more people around the world are interested in the safety of herbal medicines. T/PCMM is irreplaceable in treating some diseases; but it can easily cause serious problems if confused with other herbal medicines. Accurate identification is essential to ensure their safe use, but up to now, the literature on the authentication of T/PCMM is scant. Thus, we are undertaking a study of 31 T/PCMM originating from plants, animals, minerals, and secreta. Our previous study established microscopic observation as a simple, fast, accurate, and convenient method for identifying and authenticating animal and seed T/PCMM. This study focused on the authentication of flower T/PCMM as a part of the whole study. The flower T/PCMM studies were derived from two species, Datura metel L. (Flos Daturae) and Rhododendron molle G. Don (Flos Rhododendri Mollis). Other species easily confused with these two were also examined and characterized. Using the microscope camera, normal light and polarized light microscopy, we determined the macroscopic and microscopic features of the flowers; in addition, the oil immersion lens was used to study the pollen grain characteristics. The results demonstrated that flower T/PCMM can be identified and authenticated using a light microscope equipped with an oil immersion lens. This same equipment can be easily used to characterize other herbal flower medicines. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
4.
Zhao ZZ Hu YN Wong YW Gigi Wong WC Wu K Jiang ZH Kang T 《Microscopy research and technique》2005,67(6):305-311
To establish a quality control method for the Chinese Patent Medicine (CPM)-Bo Ying Compound (BYC), a comparison study was carried out on it with microscopy. The micro-morphological characteristics of its 22 components in the CPM and in the crude constituents have been documented and compared with each other. Their corresponding features were described and documented with color digital micrographs, so as to authenticate the presence of genuine crude constituents in BYC. The results showed that almost all constituents of BYC are found within their representative fragments in the CPM except one (Borax) that could dissolve or merge with the other components. Also the study indicated that light microscopy, an easy and economical method, could be used for the identification of this kind of CPM that contains plant and animal materials without the specific characteristic chemical marker compounds. 相似文献
5.
Yingjiao Liu Canhuang Liu Yafei Yu Bei Xu Limin Gong Xiaoyan Zeng Lan Xiao Qilai Cheng Tasi Liu 《Microscopy research and technique》2015,78(2):119-127
Yuzhu (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), Kangdingyuzhu (Polygonati Prattii Rhizoma), and zhugenqiyuzhu (Disporopsis Fuscopictae Rhizoma) are of the same family, but of different genera. They have all often used in Chinese Materia Medica (CMM) as Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma in China market. Three species of CMM are confused. For better application, we need to identify these plants accurately. This study use pharmacognosy technique and GC‐MS analysis, three species of CMM were authenticated. In macroscopic characteristics, the fruit of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma is blue‐black, while the other two are maroon and dark purple orderly. Nodes of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma are upward and light uplift, about 1 cm spacing, while the other are not. As for microscopic characteristics, the cortex of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma only occupies about 1/5 of the radius of the transverse section with inconspicuous endodermis, which is much smaller than others. The type of vascular bundles of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma is closed collateral, but the other is amphivasal. Raphides of calcium oxalate are scattered, but Raphides of the other two are like brooms and neat rows. GC–MS analysis of essential oil could provide different characteristics to distinguish three species. Twenty‐three compounds were identified from essential oil of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma and the main components were n‐hexadecanoic acid (49.45%), while n‐hexadecanoic acid of the other two are 23.92% and 9.45%. The content of n‐hexadecanoic is strongly different. This research was aimed to establish a method by pharmacognosy and GC–MS analysis to identify three CMM and for providing scientifical data to ensure accuracy of origin of three species. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:119–127, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
6.
电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定中国食品中钍和铀 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用电感耦合等离子体质谱 ( ICP-MS)对中国 1 0类食品中痕量 Th和 U进行了研究。选择了最佳仪器测定参数 ,选用铼 ( Re)为内标元素补偿基体效应和仪器灵敏度漂移。用 HNO3 与 HCl O4混合酸消解样品 ,不须分离富集 ,用 ICP-MS可直接测定中国 1 0类食品中 Th和 U。方法检出限为 5 .7ng/L ( 2 3 2 Th) ,1 0 .4ng/L( 2 3 8U) ( 3σ,n=6)。同时对 NIST SRM 1 5 48标准参考物质进行分析 ,测得值与标准参考值相吻合。 相似文献
7.
液相色谱/质谱(LC/MS)联用技术在环境污染物分析中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文综述了液相色谱-质谱联用（LC／MS）技术的分类、发展，以及近年来国内、外利用此技术分析环境污染物的应用，为我国环保监测部门开展此方面的工作提供参考。 相似文献
8.
介绍了一种基于固相微萃取(SPME)技术和5975T低热容(LTM)GC/MS分离分析平台的水中有机磷农残快速测定方法。该方法选用细内径短柱,通过优化分离条件,5975T可在3min内完成对5种常见有机磷农药(毒死蜱,甲基异柳磷,喹硫磷,丙溴磷,伏杀硫磷)的分离鉴定,相比实验室常规分离方法用时节省90%,联用SPME其方法定量检出限优于5 ng/L。该方法的固相微萃取过程装置简单,操作简便,无需调节萃取体系的离子强度和pH值,20min完成富集,时间/物料成本低廉。同时,还考察了方法的线性范围、精密度和回收率,并对自来水管网水中农药残留进行了分析。 相似文献
9.
建立了土壤样品中的芥子气(HS)及其降解产物硫二甘醇(TDG)气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)分析方法。选择二氯甲烷为土壤中HS的萃取剂,亚氟蒸馏水为TDG的萃取剂,HS和TDG的萃取率分别为89.4％和93.2％,相对标准偏差为4.18％和4.32％。土壤样品中HS和TDG含量分别为0.38～0.48μg/g和3.04～3.88 μg/g,最低检出限为0.004μg/g和0.02 μg/g(3σ,n=5)。应用GC/MS对染毒土样品中HS和TDG进行了检测,初步探讨了其质谱裂解特点和规律。结果表明:该方法操作简便、准确、灵敏度高。 相似文献
10.
液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱法分析大鼠尿样中的黄芩苷及其异构体 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
采用液相色谱 -电喷雾离子阱串联质谱 ( LC/ MSn)技术分析了大鼠分别灌胃和静脉注射给予黄芩苷后尿样中原形药及其异构体的化学结构以及其排泄情况。根据代谢物的多级质谱和紫外吸收光谱数据推测 ,两种给药途径均检测到原形药黄芩苷及其异构体黄芩素 6-O-葡萄糖苷酸。收集大鼠灌胃 ( 1 0 0 mg/ kg)和静脉注射 ( 1 5 mg/ kg)给予黄芩苷后 0～ 48h尿样 ,以槲皮素作为内标 ,经乙酸乙酯提取后 ,以甲醇 -水 -甲酸 ( V(甲醇 )∶ V(水 )∶ V(甲酸 ) =60∶ 40∶ 1 )混合液为流动相 ,用 Diamonsil C18柱进行分离 ,采用电喷雾离子阱质谱 ,以选择反应监测 ( SRM)方式检测尿中黄芩素的两种葡萄糖醛酸结合物。黄芩素 6-O-葡萄糖苷酸的形成 ,说明黄芩苷在胃肠道可水解成苷元形式重新与葡萄糖醛酸结合 ,然后被排出体外。大鼠灌胃给予黄芩苷后 ,黄芩苷和黄芩素 6-O-葡萄糖苷酸的尿样累积排泄量分别为 1 .49%和 0 .77% ;大鼠静脉注射给予黄芩苷后黄芩苷和黄芩素 6-O-葡萄糖苷酸的尿样累积排泄量分别为 3 0 .80 %和 0 .2 8% ;以药物原形和尿药浓度评价黄芩苷在大鼠体内的绝对生物利用度为 4.84%。 相似文献
11.
数据非依赖的质谱采集是近年来发展的一种新型多级质谱分析方法,只需一次进样便可同时快速获取所有母离子及其子离子信息。本研究以肺癌血浆样本为研究对象,采用数据非依赖的SWATH(sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ions)采集技术,建立了液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)同时定性定量分析血浆代谢组。基于代谢物数据库识别比对,成功识别了93个代谢物,实现了代谢物的定性分析。对成功识别的代谢物建立定量分析方法并进行方法学考察。结果表明,其中90个代谢物的线性相关系数大于0.99,定量限在1.25～12 000μg/L之间;其中有86个代谢物可以满足生物样本定量分析的要求,其连续4天的日内精密度和日间精密度均小于20%;在4℃下,96 h内的放置稳定性在0.62%～19.35%之间。该方法的覆盖率高,能同时快速准确地对肺癌血浆中癌症相关代谢物进行定性定量分析,也适用于其他生物样品,可以为定量代谢组学分析提供重要的方法学平台。 相似文献