轨道交通用7xxx系铝合金接头组织性能浅析

对轨道车体用7xxx铝合金接头进行MIG对接焊,填充金属选用直径为1.2mm的ER 5087铝合金焊丝,焊后对焊接接头进行拉伸,微观金相组织观测及显微硬度测试,目的在研究轨道车体用7xxx铝合金接头的组织和性能。研究结果显示,7N01铝合金焊接接头实际强度系数大于0.6,接头硬度最低值位于焊缝中心,热影响区硬度较母材略有降低;焊缝区由等轴晶及粗大柱状晶组成,熔合线处存在垂直熔合线的等轴晶;焊接接头后主要强化相为MgZn₂,同时存在一定数量呈条状分布的第二相粒子Mg₂Si。     

焊后热处理对6082-T6铝合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响

对6082-T6铝合金焊接接头进行固溶+时效和时效两种热处理,研究不同热处理制度对其组织和性能的影响.实验结果表明:未处理的6082-T6焊接接头抗拉强度为225?MPa,断裂位置位于热影响区,接头硬度最低值均在热影响区;经时效处理后的6082-T6焊接接头处强化相分布更加均匀,焊缝区组织无明显变化,熔合区和热影响区组...     

铸造铝合金A356焊接接头组织和性能研究

以A356铸造铝合金作为研究对象,进行了显微组织、力学性能和硬度检测,并对焊后试件进行了固溶+时效热处理和力学性能检测。结果表明,铸造铝合金A356焊接接头强度可达到160MPa,断裂在热影响区,固溶+时效热处理后强度可提高到289MPa;焊接熔合线处存在部分熔化区,凝固后形成比以前更致密的共晶组织,接头硬度最低值为76HV1,位于距离焊缝中心12mm的热影响区。     

Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金焊接热裂纹倾向性研究

在不填丝的情况下,采用自动TIG焊对Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金热挤压型材进行鱼骨状裂纹试验.通过目测、金相观察、EDS分析、显微硬度测定等方法研究了该合金的焊接热裂纹倾向性及焊接接头显微组织与硬度分布.结果表明:焊缝表面与内部均未发现裂纹,合金焊接热裂纹倾向性低.焊缝区是母材在焊接热作用下熔化后激冷形成的铸态组织,主要由α-Al、Al-Si共晶相以及少量Mg2Si、含Fe相等金属间化合物构成。经T6处理后,焊缝区中呈密集纤维状的共晶硅粒状化.显微硬度测试结果显示焊态接头焊缝区硬度最高,熔合区急剧下降,在热影响区达到最低,经T6处理后,接头各区显微硬度整体提升,且波动较小.     

6061-T6/A356-T6铝合金焊接工艺研究

选用6mm厚的A356-T6/6061-T6异种铝合金进行对接焊接试验,并分析焊接接头的力学性能、微观组织及硬度分布。结果表明,焊接之后,6061铝合金侧部分熔融区内出现晶界液化现象,晶界液化组织由α-Al固溶体贫化区+晶界共晶体组成,焊接后接头抗拉强度达到190MPa,接头硬度最低点位于A356铸件侧熔合线位置处,为整个焊接接头的最薄弱位置。     

Ti60合金板材电子束焊接接头组织性能研究

研究了Ti60合金板材电子束焊接接头的显微组织与力学性能.研究表明,焊接接头熔合区中的显微组织由针状α′相、α相和β相组成,热影响区的显微组织为β相转变组织、针状α′相及部分未溶解的等轴初生α相组成的混合组织.焊接接头硬度呈不均匀分布,焊缝熔合区的硬度最高,热影响区次之,母材区最低.焊接接头的室温和高温拉伸均断裂于母材区,焊接接头处拉伸强度等同于接头处母材区的强度.焊接接头的持久断裂均发生于焊缝区域,接头的持久寿命均100 h.     

不同焊丝对6005A铝合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响

以6005A-T6铝合金作为研究对象,采用ER4043和ER4047焊丝进行MIG焊接,研究不同4xxx系焊丝对6005A-T6铝合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响。结果表明,ER4047焊丝焊接接头焊缝区组织较ER4043的细小,熔合区与热影响区组织无明显差别;ER4043与ER4047焊丝的焊接接头抗拉强度与延伸率差别不大,为205MPa和12%左右,接头断裂位置都在热影响区;ER4043与ER4047两种焊丝焊接接头硬度分布均沿焊缝中心对称分布,ER4047的焊缝区硬度要高于ER4043焊缝区的硬度,热影响区硬度差别不大。     

异种铝合金接头组织性能浅析

对5182-H111及6005A-T6异种铝合金接头进行MIG对接焊。填充金属选用直径均为1.2mm的ER 5356、ER5087、ER 5556A铝合金焊丝。对焊接接头进行拉伸、微观金相组织观测及显微硬度测试,分析5xxx系与6xxx系异种铝合金接头的组织和性能。研究结果表明,异种铝合金接头强度系数均能大于0.6,异种接头硬度最低值均位于6xxx系铝合金热影响区处。焊缝形貌均由焊缝中心的等轴枝晶及熔合线附近的粗大柱状枝晶组成,并在α(Al)基体上分布有数量和密度相近的第二相组织。     

7005铝合金型材焊接接头组织与性能

研究了大型车辆用７００５铝合金型材熔化极惰性气体保护焊（ＭＩＧ）焊接接头的显微组织和学性能，结果表明：７００５铝合金型材焊接接头最薄弱环节是焊道处，其次是焊接热影响区内的软化区；焊道为通常的铸态组织，紧挨着焊道的是狭窄的半熔化区，随后通过热影响过渡到基材区；焊接接头热影响区的硬度随停放时间的处长２，硬度值显著提高，表现出明显的自然时效强化效应，并对焊接接头不同区域的显微组织特征、性能变化及软化区形     

人工时效对6082铝合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响

对6082-T6和6082-T4铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头进行人工时效处理,并采用金相组织观察、拉伸力学性能和显微硬度测试等途径研究了焊后人工时效对焊接接头组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:人工时效后组织内析出物的尺寸明显减小,但对焊缝晶粒尺寸无明显影响;人工时效后6082-T6焊接接头抗拉强度由269.5 MPa提高至306.5 MPa,6082-T4焊接接头的抗拉强度由208 MPa提高至335 MPa,后者的力学性能优于前者,可接近母材抗拉强度;人工时效后,6082-T6焊缝焊核中心硬度值从91 HV升至114 HV,6082-T4焊缝与母材硬度均显著提升,焊核中心硬度值从85 HV升至118 HV,母材硬度从85 HV提升至122 HV。     

焊接速度对机器人搅拌摩擦焊AA7B04铝合金接头组织和力学性能的影响

针对熔化焊在焊接AA7B04铝合金时易在焊缝中出现孔洞等缺陷,且接头性能下降明显、焊后变形大,以及采用铆接等机械连接方式会增加连接件的重量等问题,采用集成了搅拌摩擦焊末端执行器的KUKA Titan机器人对2 mm厚AA7B04高强铝合金进行了焊接,在转速为800 r·min-1的条件下,研究了焊度对焊接过程中搅拌头3个方向的受力F_x、F_y和F_z的影响.研究发现,F_z受焊速的影响显著,随焊速的增加而降低.利用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜、拉伸试验、三点弯曲试验和硬度测试等方法,研究了不同焊速下AA7B04铝合金接头的微观组织和力学性能.结果表明:当焊速为100 mm·min-1时,接头的抗拉强度最高为447 MPa,可达母材的80%,且所有接头的正弯和背弯180°均无裂纹;接头横截面的硬度分布呈W型,硬度最低点出现在热力影响区和焊核区的交界处,焊速不同会导致不同的焊接热循环,且随着焊速的增加接头的硬度随之增加;焊核区组织发生了动态再结晶,生成了细小的等轴晶粒,前进侧和后退侧热力影响区的晶粒均发生了明显的变形;前进侧热影响区析出η'相,后退侧热影响区因温度较高析出η'相和尺寸较大的η相.      

Effect of Process Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloy

Friction stir welding process is a promising solid state joining process with the potential to join low melting point materials, particularly aluminum alloys. The most attractive reason for this is the avoidance of solidification defects formed during conventional fusion welding processes. Tool rotational speed and the welding speed play a major role in deciding the weld quality. In the present work an effort has been made to study the effect of the tool rotational speed and welding speed on mechanical and metallurgical properties of friction stir welded joints of aluminum alloy AA6082-T651. The micro hardness profiles obtained on welded zone indicate uniform distribution of grains in the stir zone. The maximum tensile strength obtained is 263 MPa which is about 85% of that of base metal. Scanning electron microscope was used to show the fractured surfaces of tensile tested specimens.     

含钪Al-Zn-Mg-Zr合金薄板材MIG焊接接头的组织与性能

采用新型Al-Mg-Sc-Zr焊丝对含钪Al-Zn-Mg-Zr合金薄板材进行MIG焊,借助显微硬度及拉伸性能测试、OM,SEM,TEM等检测手段对焊接接头的微观组织和性能进行研究。结果表明:焊缝区为典型的铸态组织;热影响区靠近焊缝一侧呈现大量细小等轴晶组织,靠近基材区为纤维状组织和少量再结晶组织;基材区为纤维状组织。焊接接头的显微硬度以焊缝为中心呈近似对称,且中心处硬度值最低;抗拉强度为481 MPa,屈服强度为320MPa,伸长率为10.1%,焊接系数约0.83。同时,焊丝和基材中微量的Sc和Zr元素在合金中形成大量细小且与基体共格的Al3(Sc,Zr)粒子,能显著细化晶粒组织,有效抑制再结晶发生,大大改善焊缝区的力学性能。     

TIG重熔对6005A-T6铝合金焊接接头组织及性能的影响

针对铝合金焊接接头缺陷TIG重熔修复,采用6005A-T6铝合金作为母材,先采用MIG焊对母材进行焊接,焊后采用无脉冲TIG焊对焊趾处进行重熔,有无脉冲TIG焊对焊缝处进行重熔,对重熔前后的焊接试验件进行金相显微组织形貌及性能对比分析.结果表明,重熔后热影响区宽度明显大于重熔前,组织晶粒更加粗大,弥散相分布更加均匀;硬...     

Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Cast Al–Mg–Sc Alloys

Friction Stir (FS) welding promises joints with low porosity, fine microstructures, and low vaporization of volatile elements compared with conventional welding techniques. FS weld was carried out on Vacuum Induction Melted 5?mm thick cast Aluminum?CMagnesium?CScandium (Al?CMg?CSc) alloy plates. Microstructural evaluation revealed that due to FS welding, fine and fragmented dynamically recrystallized grains have been formed in the weld nugget. Tensile fracture occurred out side the weld zone. The tensile strength of the welded joint is more than the cast base metal. The hardness of the FS welded joint is less than the hardness of the cast base metal. The minimum hardness was located on the retreating side of the weld. These results clearly show that FSW process is amenable to join cast Al?CMg?CSc alloy.     

不同5xxx系焊丝对5182-H111组织和性能的影响

使用3种焊丝ER 5183、ER 5356、ER 5554对6mm 5182-H111铝合金板材进行半自动MIG焊对接试验,通过对焊接接头进行力学性能试验、显微硬度测试及金相组织的观察,探究3种焊丝对5182-H111铝合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,使用3种焊丝所焊接头中,ER 5183及ER 5356接头抗拉强度均大于ISO 15614-22005要求的焊缝接头系数(1.0),而ER 5554接头焊缝系数仅为0.949;3种焊丝所焊接头硬度均在焊缝区及热影响区有所降低,其中ER 5356所焊接头焊缝强度较其他两种焊丝焊缝区硬度高,为85.5HV;3种焊丝所焊接头组织形貌相近,均存在β(Mg2Al3)强化相,但由于ER 5183与ER 5356焊丝中含有更多的Mg,因此生成了更多的β(Mg2Al3)相,使得焊缝组织更加致密。     

2A97铝锂合金搅拌摩擦焊焊缝的微观组织特征

对厚度为25 mm的T851态2A97铝锂合金进行搅拌摩擦焊焊接,利用显微硬度、金相显微镜(OM)和透射电镜(TEM)等对焊缝的显微硬度和微观组织进行研究.结果表明:接头基材硬度最高,热影响区和热机影响区硬度降低,焊缝中心硬度又升高,硬度最低位置在热影响区.焊核区发生动态再结晶,形成细小等轴的晶粒;焊核区S′相全部溶解,T1相儿乎全部溶解,在随后的冷却和时效过程中,焊核区析出GP区和细小弥散的δ′相;热影响区的T1相部分溶解,S′相全部溶解,析出θ"相、δ′相和δ′/β′的复合相.     

装甲车用7A52铝合金焊接性研究

针对兵器工业用7A52铝合金,从焊接工艺参数、焊后无损检测,以及破坏性实验力学性能、弯曲性能、宏观检测、焊接接头显微硬度等方面进行试验研究。结果表明,7A52铝合金焊接性能良好,接头拉伸、弯曲性能较好,抗拉强度达到274.8MPa,接头硬度曲线分布表明强度最低区域为焊缝。     

The Effect of Base Metal Conditions on the Final Microstructure and Hardness of 2024 Aluminum Alloy Friction-Stir Welds

Aircraft aluminum alloys, such as 2024, generally present low weldability by traditional fusion welding processes. The development of friction-stir welding (FSW) has provided an improved alternative way to produce satisfactory aluminum joints in a faster and more reliable method. It has been demonstrated that the FSW process involves dynamic recrystallization, which leads to ultrafine and equiaxed grain structures due to the high temperatures and strains occurring during the process. In this study, the 2024 Al-alloy with annealed (O) and artificial aged (T6) conditions were friction-stir welded. Grain size distribution, hardness, and temperature profiles in the welded zones were determined to obtain the relationship between the base metal’s initial and final microstructures in these regions. The results showed that in both samples, the average grain sizes in the weld nugget were almost identical. The hardness of nugget zones in both samples was nearly the same due to their similar microstructures. According to the obtained results, the initial microstructure showed no considerable effect on the final microstructure and hardness of the weld nuggets. This may be attributed to the continuous dynamic recrystallization phenomenon that occurs during the FSW of aluminum alloys.     

Friction welding of Cu-tube to Al-tube plate using an external tool

In the present study, friction welding of tube to tube plate using an external tool (FWTPET) was used to weld copper tubes with aluminum plates. Tubes were prepared with holes along the faying surfaces of tubes and cleaned before welding. The weld microstructure shows line of stir zone (SZ), a narrow thermo mechanically affected zone and heat affected zone (HAZ). The welded samples were found to have satisfactory joint strength and the XRD study showed the presence of AlCu intermetallic in the weld zone. The hardness survey revealed that there was a slight increase in hardness adjacent to the weld interface due to grain refinement. Better weld joints were achieved when the tool rotation speed and interference are 1500 rpm and 0.8 mm respectively. The present study confirms that a high quality copper tube to aluminium tube plate joint can be achieved by FWPET process.