压力对凝胶注模成型95氧化铝陶瓷性能的影响

本文采用低毒的MAM-MBAM凝胶体系代替AM-MBAM有毒体系制备95氧化铝陶瓷,为改善成型后坯体的性能,在凝胶注模成型过程中给予浆料压力.研究发现在压力为0.3 MPa时获得的坯体表面光洁,线收缩率大,体密度高,结构均匀,成品率高,质量好.本文还并研究了压力对95氧化铝陶瓷烧结体线收缩率和体密度以及洛氏硬度的影响.实验结果表明:压力辅助凝胶注模成型所得坯体烧结后性能优于无压直接注模成型坯体,压力为0.3MPa时线收缩率最小,体密度最高可达3.81 g/cm3,洛氏硬度最高.坯体显微结构显示,陶瓷粉料被有机高分子网络很好地粘结在一起,并且压力注模的坯体中陶瓷粉料堆积紧密,结构均匀致密.烧结后,压力注模成型坯体晶粒发育良好,气孔较无压直接注模烧结体少,烧结致密性能优异.     

精确控制堇青石玻璃陶瓷的烧成收缩率

液相烧结体系的产品烧成收缩率很难得到精确控制,用粉煤灰作原料烧结堇青石玻璃陶瓷,确定了产品的烧成收缩率与坯体的体积密度有对应的负相关的曲线关系。可以通过这种曲线关系用坯体的体积密度来预测产品的烧成收缩率和产品在不同方向上的收缩率,并且通过控制坯体的体积密度来精确控制产品的尺寸。还从产品制备工艺上确定了粉料加水量,练泥造粒过程,坯体成型压力对坯体的体积密度的影响关系。     

凝胶注模SiC陶瓷的烧结特性

以Al2O3/Y2O3为烧结助剂,对凝胶注模SiC陶瓷进行了研究。讨论了埋粉组成和烧结温度对SiC陶瓷的烧成质量损失、线收缩、密度以及相组成的影响。当埋粉组成为SiC/Al2O3/Y2O3,在1950℃氮气氛中烧结1h时,制备了98%理论密度的SiC陶瓷。与传统的干压成型方法相比,凝胶注模成型工艺制备的SiC陶瓷坯体具有更高的烧成质量损失。     

成型方式对反应烧结碳化硼基复合材料性能的影响

本文针对干压成型结合冷等静压成型对反应烧结碳化硼基复合材料样品性能的影响进行研究.考察了成型压力、保压时间、加压方式对压坯密度和强度的影响.结果表明:采用100 MPa干压2 min,再经过150 MPa冷等静压保压1 min,压坯密度由干压压制时最大密度1.86 g/cm3升高到1.96 g/cm3,压坯强度可达到2.0 MPa.保压时间和加压方式对压坯的密度、强度的影响不大.干压结合冷等静压相对于干压成型,在相同的烧结温度下样品性能有明显的提高,烧结后样品密度为2.44 g/cm3,显微硬度为2394 kg/cm2,三点抗弯强度为241 MPa.     

烧结温度对氧化锆陶瓷磨球性能的影响

利用滚制成型法制备了氧化锆陶瓷磨球,研究了烧结温度对陶瓷球体积密度和耐磨性的影响.结果表明,滚制法成型的陶瓷球坯体在1550℃、保温2 h的烧结条件下得到最佳效果,其体积密度达到5.91 g/cm3,自磨损率为2.6 ×10-6/h.     

TiO2加入量对光固化打印成型Al2O3陶瓷性能的影响

以光敏丙烯酸树脂与分散剂SP-710为液相，以d₅₀=2.38μm的Al₂O₃粉和添加剂TiO₂粉为固相，制备了固含量为78%（w）的Al₂O₃陶瓷浆料。采用数字光固化成型技术（DLP）打印Al₂O₃陶瓷素坯，经1 450、1 500、1 550、1 600℃保温4 h烧后，分析TiO₂加入量（质量分数分别为0、1%、2%、3%、5%）对Al₂O₃陶瓷试样性能的影响。结果表明：TiO₂的加入可促进Al₂O₃陶瓷的烧结，显著提高致密性，降低烧结温度，并确定TiO₂最优掺量为3%（w）,烧结温度最优为1 600℃,此时试样在x轴、y轴、z轴的收缩率分别为15.7%、15.8%与23.8%,显气孔率为2.41%,体积密度为3.74 g·cm^-3,...     

放电等离子低温烧结h-BN-SiC复相陶瓷的结构与力学性能

以纳米h-BN和Si C粉为原料、B2O3为烧结助剂,利用放电等离子烧结(SPS)制备h-BN-Si C复相陶瓷,研究了烧结压力(20~50 MPa)对h-BN-Si C复相陶瓷结构与力学性能的影响。结果表明:在不同烧结压力下,h-BN-Si C复相陶瓷中h-BN晶粒的c轴倾向于平行压力方向,增大烧结压力能够提高复相陶瓷的致密化和力学性能,但较大的烧结压力(40 MPa)降低了c轴倾向于平行压力方向的取向度和断裂韧性。在40 MPa烧结压力时获得了较佳的综合性能,复相陶瓷的相对密度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别达到98%、289.2 MPa和3.45 MPa·m1/2,比同条件制备的纯h-BN陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别提高了约138.4%和64.3%。复相陶瓷断裂为典型的沿晶断裂模式,微裂纹及裂纹偏转提高了复相陶瓷的断裂韧性。     

高密度纳米钛酸钡素坯的制备和对烧结的影响

10nm钛酸钡粉在7MPa的压力下预成型后再在0．5～6GPa的压力下冷等静压。素坯的相对密度从0.5GPa的49.6%增加到6GPa时的69.2%。素坯在6GPa的压力下冷等静压后在烧结温度为1000℃,保温时间为2h的条件下常压烧结得到的钛酸钡陶瓷的晶粒尺寸约为400nm,相对密度大于99％。没有经过高压的相同的素坯在1150℃,保温时间为2h后得到的钛酸钡陶瓷的晶粒大小约为1200nm。实验结果表明：超高压成型能显著增加素坯的密度;高密度的素坯能降低陶瓷的烧结温度。     

反应烧结制备SiC陶瓷的研究进展

介绍了传统烧结、Hucke工艺和反应烧结碳化硅陶瓷材料的制备工艺,总结了3种烧结机理,讨论了成形工艺、氧化、素坯密度、真空热处理温度等几种因素对反应烧结碳化硅陶瓷组织和力学性能的影响,最后对反应烧结碳化硅存在的问题和今后的发展方向进行了总结和展望.     

工艺参数对反应烧结AIN陶瓷的影响

以Al,AlN粉为原料，采用反应烧结技术制备AlN陶瓷。Al粉含量、Al粉粒径、成型压力和升温制度是RBAN的重要工艺参数，优化工艺参数可制备出性能良好的AlN陶瓷。Al体积分数45％,1700℃温度下可制备出烧结密度为93％，抗弯强度为292MPa的AlN陶瓷。     

Lamination and Sintering Shrinkage Behavior in Multilayered Ceramics

Variations in lamination conditions, such as pressure, temperature, and time, changed the laminated density of multilayered alumina but had no effect on the sintered density. The present results showed that sintering shrinkage values differ with lamination conditions and vary inversely with laminated density. When lamination was accomplished using a press die, the difference in shrinkage between the X-Y and the Z directions was <1%. The effect of the press die could be explained by introducing a new factor, the SDF (shear deformation factor), which represents the ratio of area change in the X-Y direction before and after lamination. The lamination of green sheets exhibited almost the same behavior as did the compression of granules. A linear relationship also was found between laminated density and the logarithm of lamination pressure. Results for sintering shrinkage in the overall range of measured laminated densities showed that sintering shrinkage behavior could be divided into three regions; that is, the laminates had three packing structures with different laminated densities. A new factor ( k ), related to packing structure values before and after sintering, was introduced to explain the sintering shrinkage behavior. Each k value was obtained from the relationship between laminated density and sintering shrinkage. Comparing k factors for the laminated densities ( X-Y and Z ) under various lamination conditions made it possible to systematically analyze variations in the sintering shrinkage behavior of laminates with processing conditions. An estimation of sintering shrinkage was possible from that analysis.     

加压辅助闪烧工艺制备四方相氧化锆

研究了加压辅助闪烧烧结工艺参数(温度、电压、电流、压力)对钇稳氧化锆致密度、微观组织结构和成分组成的影响,该工艺在热压烧结基础上叠加闪烧效应,利用高电场强度使高温导电氧化锆瞬间发生密实化烧结.结果表明:钇稳氧化锆的闪烧临界温度为880℃,在相同的电场强度条件下,闪烧临界温度处烧结可获得最大的闪烧收缩量.氧化锆在临界烧结...     

An oscillatory pressure sintering of zirconia powder: Rapid densification with limited grain growth

A novel oscillatory pressure sintering (OPS) process is reported to prepare high‐quality ceramics. The oscillatory pressure was applied at three stages (initial, intermediate, and final) during sintering process of zirconia ceramics for the first time. The microstructure of the samples prepared by OPS develops in a more homogeneous manner, leading to a higher final density, a smaller average grain size, and a narrower distribution of grain sizes compared with the samples prepared by conventional pressureless sintering (PS) and hot‐pressing (HP) processes. Remarkably, the OPS samples was obtained at relatively lower heating temperature and less soaking time for 1300°C and 0.5 hours than the samples prepared by other two techniques at 1450°C and 1 hour. The current results suggest that OPS is an effective technique for preparing high‐quality zirconia ceramics with low heating temperature and short sintering time, thus, it obviously reduces cost.     

氮化铝陶瓷低温真空热压烧结研究

以自蔓延高温合成的AIN粉体为原料,Y2O3、Dy2O3、La2O3为添加剂,采用真空热压烧结工艺,实现了含有添加剂的AIN陶瓷体的低温烧结;研究了烧结温度对AIN烧结性能的影响。用XRD、SEM对AIN高压烧结体进行了表征。研究表明：粉体粒径、烧结工艺、烧结助剂对AIN陶瓷低温烧结真空热压烧结性能有很大影响;含烧结助剂的真空热压烧结能够有效降低AIN陶瓷的烧结温度并缩短烧结时间,使烧结体的结构致密。烧结温度1550℃条件下,真空热压烧结90min时,得到的AIN陶瓷的致密度最高。     

Research on selective laser sintering of Kaolin–epoxy resin ceramic powders combined with cold isostatic pressing and sintering

In order to fabricate traditional products with complex shapes consisting of Kaolin ceramic, selective laser sintering (SLS) combined with cold isostatic pressing (CIP) process was used to consolidate Kaolin powder with additive of epoxy resin E06. To begin preparing the material, epoxy resin (10 wt%) and Kaolin were combined through mechanical mixing, which provided a good fluidity for SLS. Investigations on the shrinkage and micro topography of Kaolin–epoxy resin SLS samples were conducted to optimize the laser sintering parameters. It was found that SLS samples represented acceptable shrinkage and high density when laser energy density was 0.3300–0.3763 J/mm². Then the SLS samples were processed by CIP to eliminate the pores in green ceramics. Finally, the optimized SLS/CIP Kaolin samples were debinded and sintered to produce crack-free Kaolin ceramics. The “Yellow Duck” Kaolin ceramic product was fabricated by combining SLS/CIP with colored glazing. The study shows a novel and promising approach to fabricate complex traditional ceramic products via SLS combined with CIP and sintering.     

Stress Development during Constrained Sintering of Alumina/Glass/Alumina Sandwich Structure

Stress development during the constrained sintering of a sandwich structure of alumina/glass/alumina has been studied. Stress distribution in the glass layer was calculated using a finite element method. The shear stress exhibited a maximum at the edge of the alumina/glass interface. The in-plane tensile stress, formed during constrained sintering, decreased from the interface of the alumina/glass to the middle of the glass in the z -direction, but increased from the edge to the center of glass in the x − y direction. This in-plane tensile stress reduces the driving force of densification, resulting in a larger x − y shrinkage and higher densification in the middle of the glass.     

Al2TiO5添加量对MgO-Al2TiO5复合陶瓷烧结及抗热震性的影响

以纳米MgO粉为原料,选用以纳米Al2O3粉和纳米TiO2粉经1500℃保温3 h烧结制备的Al2TiO5为添加剂,采用固相烧结法经1500℃保温3 h制备了Al2TiO5质量分数分别为0、5%、10%和20%的MgO-Al2TiO5复合陶瓷,并采用XRD、SEM和EDS等研究了Al2TiO5添加量对MgO-Al2TiO5复合陶瓷烧结性能及抗热震性能的影响。结果表明:添加Al2TiO5有利于促进复合陶瓷的烧结,其体积密度和线收缩率随Al2TiO5添加量的增加而增大,当Al2TiO5添加量为20%(w)时,其体积密度和线收缩率分别为3.68 g·cm-3和22.07%;当Al2TiO5添加量为10%(w)时,其抗热震性能最佳。Al2TiO5位于方镁石晶粒交界处,抑制方镁石晶粒生长,阻碍裂纹扩展,使MgO-Al2TiO5复合陶瓷的抗热震性能得到改善。     

制备工艺对La2O3掺杂氧化镁陶瓷性能的影响

以高纯氧化镁粉体为主要原料,分别掺杂0、2%、4%、6%以及8%（w）的La₂O₃粉体,选用聚乙烯醇为结合剂,研究单轴压成型、等静压成型及不同煅烧温度（1 400、1 500以及1 600℃）对La₂O₃掺杂氧化镁陶瓷烧结性能、显微结构及抗热震性能的影响。结果表明：采用等静压成型,氧化镁粉体受到来自各方向大小一致的成型压力,并均匀地传递至各个方向,从而得到了更为致密的坯体,显著提高了氧化镁陶瓷的烧结性能。提高烧成温度,更有利于掺杂物La₂O₃与MgO形成置换型固溶体或发生晶格畸变,促进烧结,达到致密化。煅烧温度为1 600℃,La₂O₃掺杂量为4%（w）时,经等静压成型坯体最为致密,热震后裂纹细小。这是由于方镁石晶相间交界处的La₂O₃晶体改变了裂纹走向,阻挡和分散了部分能量和应力,减缓了裂纹的线性延伸。     

GPS—HIP烧结Si3N4基复合陶瓷材料的研究

采用ＧＰＳ烧结ＨＩＰ处理两步烧结Ｓｉ３Ｎ４基复合陶瓷材料,在ＧＰＳ烧结后使试件表面气孔闭合形成自身包套,而后通过ＨＩＰ处理可以明显提高烧结体的密度,可以获得抗弯强度〉７２０ＭＰａ,断裂韧性ＫＩＣ〉７．８ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２的高性能Ｓｉ３Ｎ４基复合陶瓷烧结体。而ＧＰＳ烧结所获得的由β－Ｓｉ３Ｎ４晶粒组成的网状显微结构对烧结体的性能是十分有益的．     

高纯镁砂及氧化镁陶瓷研究进展

高纯镁砂是重要的耐高温材料,氧化镁陶瓷则广泛应用于透光材料领域,对两种材料的生产工艺开展研究具有重要理论和实际意义。本文系统地综述了利用菱镁矿、卤水生产高纯氧化镁及镁砂的各种技术,以及氧化镁陶瓷的烧结方法和烧结助剂对烧结过程的影响;介绍了菱镁矿制备高纯镁砂,卤水沉淀法、卤水直接热解法制备高纯氧化镁,以及电熔法制备高纯镁砂等技术。指出了每种生产技术的优缺点及今后的研究与发展方向。介绍了常压烧结、热压烧结、热等静压烧结、放电等离子烧结、微波烧结和真空烧结等氧化镁陶瓷烧结技术及其进展,总结了烧结助剂对烧结过程的影响及其机理,指出氧化镁陶瓷未来的研究关键主要在于对粉体合成技术、致密化烧结技术及烧结助剂的研究。