Characterization of microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the spray-deposited AZ31 magnesium alloy

The cylindrical billets of a Mg-3Al-1Zn (AZ31) alloy were synthesized by spray deposition processing. The microstruc-ture evolution and mechanical properties of the alloy were investigated. The results reveal that the microstructure of the AZ31 alloy is refined significantly by spray deposition processing. A homogeneous and equiaxial-grain structure with an average grain size of 17 μm is obtained. Further grain refinement with an average grain size of 5 μm is attributed to dynamic recrystallization during e...     

喷射沉积含Sc超高强铝合金固溶处理组织与性能分析

采用金相、扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析方法,研究了不同工艺条件下喷射沉积Al-12Zn-2.4Mg-1.1Cu-0.20Zr-0.30Sc-0.30Ni合金的微观组织与力学性能.结果表明,过喷粉颗粒的大小为3~15μm,是沉积坯等轴晶平均直径的1/6~3/4;挤压坯经460℃/0.5 h+480℃/2 h二级固溶处理后Zn,Mg,Cu等溶质元素回溶到Al基体中,固溶后未见形成W(ScCu6.6~4Al5.4~8)相,合金抗拉强度由挤压态的410 MPa增加到固溶态的750 MPa,增幅为82.9%;再经T6时效后合金的抗拉强度可达855 MPa.凝固过程形成的粗大难溶DO23结构Al3(Sc,Zr)粒子是影响合金抗拉强度的重要原因.     

Influence of thermomechanical aging on microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519A aluminum alloy

The influence of thermomechanical aging on microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519A aluminum alloy was investigated by means of microhardness test, tensile test, optical microscopy (OM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that 50% cold rolling deformation prior to aging is beneficial since it promotes a more homogeneous distribution of the precipitation phase and reduces the number of precipitation phase on the grain boundaries, and thus shrinks the total volume of precipitation-free zones at grain and sub-grain boundaries. As a result, the tensile properties of 2519A aluminum alloy have been significantly improved.     

喷射成形沉积坯组织性能分析

利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜对GCr15喷射成形试样的疏松、显微组织进行了分析,采用能谱分析法对试样中元素含量及分布进行了分析.提出了改进显微组织和性能的方法.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy after retrogression and re-aging treatments

The mechanical properties and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance of an Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy under different aging conditions were investigated. The dependence of microstructure and mechanical properties on aging parameters was evaluated by tensile test, hardness test and conductivity measurement. The results show that for the alloys with retrogression and re-aging treatment (RRA), the conductivity increases with the retrogression time and temperature, while the tensile strength decreases. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results show that the precipitates η(MgZn₂) at grain boundary aggregate apparently with retrogression time and the precipitates inside the matrix exhibit the similar distribution to T6 temper, which comprises fine GP zones, large η′(MgZn₂) and η(MgZn₂) phases. According to the mechanical properties and microstructure observations, the optimal RRA regime is recommended to be 120 °C, 24 h + 180 °C, 30 min + 120 °C, 24 h. The strength level of the alloy after the optimum RRA treatment is similar to that in T6 condition and the SCC resistance is improved obviously in contrast to T6 condition.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 magnesium alloy subject to deep cryogenic treatments

AZ91 magnesium alloy was subjected to a deep cryogenic treatment. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electronic microscopy （SEM）, and transmission electronic microscopy （TEM） methods were utilized to characterize the composition and microstructure of the treated samples. The results show that after two cryogenic treatments, the quantity of the precipitate hardening β phase increases, and the sizes of the precipitates are refined from 8-10μm to 2-4μm. This is expected to be due to the decreased solubility of aluminum in the matrix at low temperature and the significant plastic deformation owing to internal differences in thermal contraction between phases and grains. The polycrystalline matrix is also noticeably refined, with the sizes of the subsequent nanocrystalline grains in the range of 50-100 nm. High density dislocations are observed to pile up at the grain boundaries, inducing the dynamic recrystallization of the microstructure, leading to the generation of a nanocrystalline grain structure. After two deep cryogenic treatments, the tensile strength and elongation are found to be substantially increased, rising from 243 MPa and 4.4% of as-cast state to 299 MPa and 5.1%.     

轧制工艺对ZA35合金组织和性能的影响

为了提高ZA35合金的力学性能,采用轧制工艺制备ZA35合金板坯,利用x-射线衍射仪(XRD)、金相显微镜(OE)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及能谱分析(EDS)等技术分析和检测了ZA35合金铸态、不同轧制态和热处理态的显微组织和性能.结果表明:轧制可以显著提高ZA35合金的综合力学性能,使抗拉强度提高了27.8%,硬度指标提高了36.4%,伸长率比铸态增加了近2倍.轧制使合金组织细化,初生α相增多,ε相由块状变成细小的点状弥散分布于枝晶间.轧制合金在经过365℃固溶3h和120℃时效12h热处理后合金力学性能最好,抗拉强度达到512MPa、伸长率为4.9%、硬度为HB127.     

Al-Cu-Mg硬铝合金TIG焊焊接接头的组织与力学性能

为了研究Al-Cu-Mg硬铝合金TIG焊焊接接头的组织与力学性能,采用ER4043焊丝对2A12硬铝合金进行了焊接实验.利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、能谱分析仪和硬度计对Al-Cu-Mg硬铝合金的组织和力学性能进行了表征.结果表明,焊缝的强度和塑性较低,焊缝边缘为柱状晶,中心为枝晶组织,晶界存在大量低熔点共晶体.近缝区存在明显的晶界液化现象,晶粒为圆润的等轴晶,焊缝的硬度大幅度下降.固溶区焊缝的硬度和母材相近,基体中存在大量的针状S'相,可对该区域起到强化作用.过时效区基体软化现象比较严重,存在很多S(Al2Cu M g)相.     

火焰喷焊铁基和镍基合金层的组织与性能

对16Mn钢表面氧乙炔火焰喷焊自熔性铁基及镍基合金粉末得到铁基合金喷焊层和镍基合金喷焊层，并对两种喷焊层进行了显微组织，组成相，硬度和耐磨性以及抗热疲劳性能的比较研究，结果表明，两种堆焊层组织都具有枝晶生长特征，枝晶间存在着共晶组织，两种涂层均由γ固溶体和多种共晶化合物相组成，但镍基合金喷焊层的枝晶比较细小，镍基合金喷焊层比较基合金喷焊层具有较高的硬度和耐磨性，同时也具有较好的抗热疲劳性能。     

Mg-Y4-Nd3合金的組織與摩擦磨損性能

研究了Mg-Y4-Nd3合金鑄態和T6處理(525℃固溶處理8 h,250℃時效處理16 h)后的顯微組織、力學性能和摩擦磨損性能。結果表明:鑄造Mg-Y4-Nd3合金共晶相分布在α-Mg固溶體晶界上,呈不連續網狀分布。經過固溶時效處理后,合金為等軸晶組織,共晶相基本固溶到-αMg基體中,時效析出沉淀相呈彌散分布。兩種處理合金的抗拉強度都隨溫度的升高而降低,伸長率均隨溫度的升高而升高,同溫度下,T6處理的合金抗拉強度高于鑄態合金。T6處理的合金在干滑動摩擦條件下,隨著載荷的增加,摩擦系數降低,磨損量增加,磨損機制由磨粒磨損伴有氧化磨損向剝層磨損過渡,在高載荷下磨損表面出現塑性變形擠出現象。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31 alloy ingot fabricated by semi-continuous casting

The AZ31 alloy ingot with diameter of 110 mm and length of 3500 mm was fabricated successfully. The compositions and microstructure morphologies of the ingot at different locations were performed, which indicated that the chemical composition distributed homogeneously through the whole alloy ingot and the average grain size increased from the surface to the center. The results of the EDS and element face-scanning illustrated that the eutectic compounds mainly consisted of fl-Mg17Al12 and a small amount of fl-Mgl7（AlZn）12. Furthermore, slight improvements of the strength and ductility were observed from the center to the surface along the axial direction of the alloy ingot, while both the strength and elongation to failure of the samples along the radial direction are higher than that along the axial direction. The fine grain strengthening was the main contributors to the strength of the as-casted AZ31 alloy.     

Effects of cold rolling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Ni-Mn-Mo-Ti-Cr maraging steels

Effects of cold rolling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Ni-Mn-Mo-Ti-Cr maraging steels were studied.To investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties,optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,tensile test,and hardness test were used.The results show that the solution-annealing treatment in the cold-rolled steel redounds to the formation of submicrocrystalline Fe2(Mo,Ti)Laves phase particles,which are stable at high temperatures.These secondary Laves phase particles prevent from recrystallization at high temperatures and correspond to semi-brittle fiacture in the subsequent aging treatment.     

Microstructure and properties of laser direct deposited CuNi17Al3Fe1.5Cr alloy

Thin walls of a copper-base alloy with the nominal composition CuNi17Al3Fe1.5Cr were successfully prepared by laser direct deposition additive manufacturing. The microstructure, as revealed by optical and scanning electron microscopy, indicated that the deposited material was fully dense and with a dendritic microstructure. The dendrites are parallel to the build-up direction, which is also the heat con-duction direction during deposition. X-ray diffraction analysis results show that the deposited material ...     

喷射沉积Al-17Si-5Fe－2Mn－2Ni－3.5Cu－1Mg－1V合金组织及性能

针对快速凝固技术可以有效地改变高硅铝合金中初晶硅的形态和尺寸，显著改善合金的使用性能的特点，采用喷射沉积快速凝固技术制备了Al-17Si-5Fe－2Mn－2Ni－3.5Cu－1Mg－1V合金，分析了合金的组织特征、热稳定性及力学性能.结果表明，喷射沉积合金的组织由大量弥散分布的粒状相、少量块状相和共晶基体组成.挤压态合金经300 ℃下稳定化处理不同时间后，组织没有明显的粗化，硬度下降也不大.合金经热挤压后，室温极限抗拉强度达232.2 MPa，经T6热处理后极限抗拉强度提高了17%，达271.3 MPa.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of FGBA/BG air cooling bainitic steels containing niobium

The effect of different Nb additions on the mechanical properties and microstructure evolution of grain boundary allotriomorphic ferrite(F_(GBA)) / granular bainite(B_G) air cooling bainitic steels was investigated.The results indicate that the tensile strength and yield strength increase by 157 and 97 MPa,respectively with the addition of 0.02wt%Nb.The steel acquires superior strength and toughness with the addition of 0.06wt%Nb.The results of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron micro...     

Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Co-Ni-Cr-Mo-C alloy

A kind of Fe-Co-Ni-Cr-Mo-C alloy was designed for valve seat use. The effects of the quenching temperature, tempering time and tempering temperature on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the alloy were investigated. The results show that the hardness decreases, while tensile strength (σb), transverse rupture strength (σbb) and impact toughness(Kit) increase after the alloy is quenched and tempered. The best complex property (σb, 446 MPa; σbb ,793 MPa; Kic, 2.96 J/cm2 ) can be obtained when the alloy is quenched at 1 100 ℃ and tempered at 650 ℃. The results of X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) show that the major strengthening phases are carbides such as (Fe, Cr)7 C3 and Fe2 MoC. The obvious secondary hardening appears when the alloy is tempered at 550 ℃, which results from the precipitated carbides of Cr and Mo in the alloy from the matrix and the heat-resistant retained austenite .     

Effects of thermomechanical treatment on the mechanical properties and microstructures of 6013 alloy

The mechanical properties and microstructures of 6013 alloy after different thermomechanical treatments were investigated. The detailed dislocation configurations after deformation and morphologies of age hardening precipitates were examined through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The experimental results show that the thermomechanical treatment can significantly enhance the strength of 6013 alloy, and has a similar influence trend on single and two-step aging behaviors. With the increasing deformation ratio, the peak-hardness (HV_max) increases, the time to HV_max shortens, and the density of tangled dislocation network increases. The aging precipitates become larger and inhomogeneous by applying thernomechanical treatment. Funded by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (No.2007BAE38B01)     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of ZE10 magnesium alloy prepared by equal channel angular pressing

ZE10 magnesium alloy was subjected to equal-channel angular pressing(ECAP) up to 12 passes in a die with an angle of 120° between the two channels at 250-300°C.An inhomogeneous microstructure of bimodal grains including fine grains of 1-2 μm as well as coarse grains of about 20 μm was obtained after the initial 1-4 ECAP passes.The grain size became increasingly homogeneous with further ECAP processing and the grains were significantly refined to 1-2 μm after 8 passes and further refined to 0.5-1 μm after 12...