漂白剂在洗涤剂中的作用及应用

合成洗涤剂中经常使用漂白剂，以使被洗织物的颜色良好。最有代表性的氧系漂白剂有过碳酸钠和过硼酸钠，这两种化合物都是通过在水溶液中生成过氧化氢，游离出活性氧而产生漂白作用。     

光漂白剂天来力BBS在洗涤剂中的应用

光漂白剂天来力ＢＢＳ在洗涤剂中的应用汽巴－嘉基（中国）有限公司化学品部张贵民，步平１光漂白剂的概念及其作用机理１．１光漂白剂的概念洗涤是一种极其普通的活动，可以在洗衣机中、户外、河岸或是湖畔进行。包括洗涤在内的纺织品护理的目的只有一个，即保证纺织品崭...     

单水合过硼酸钠的制备及其在彩漂洗衣粉中的应用

本文研究了一种新型漂白剂--单水合过硼酸钠的制备方法,并使用三种漂白剂分别配制彩漂洗衣粉进行去污比较,最后选择出理想的漂白剂.     

一种新型漂白剂的研制

一种新型漂白剂的研制ＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌＰａｔｅｎｔｓＩｎｄｅｘＥ：ｇｅｎｅｒａｌＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓＷｅｅｋ９３４１，１９９３，１２（８）：９８一种含有过硼酸盐的新型漂白剂，提高了化学稳定性。其由两部分组成：一是有效氧含量大于１６．１％（ｗｔ）的过硼酸盐...     

漂白剂的制备工艺及趋向

漂白剂分为氧化型和还原型两大类。着重介绍氧化型漂白剂中氯系和氧系以及还原型漂白剂二氧化硫脲、边二亚硫酸钠的制备工艺，并指出了漂白剂最近发展的趋向。     

衣物用漂白剂种类及有效使用方法

综述了消费者对新洗涤标识中漂白记号的认知度以及衣物用漂白剂的种类、特征,重点说明了液体氧系漂白剂与洗涤剂并用的去污效果,确认这是一种提高液体氧系漂白剂效力的有效方法,而且有益于衣物附着细菌的去除。     

高稳定性过碳酸钠的生产方法

公开了一种高稳定性过碳酸钠的生产方法，是一种含氧漂白剂的生产技术，克服了其他方法存在的缺点。它是由以下工序制成：     

酒店洗衣房漂白剂的研制与应用

水洗的衣物一是未经染色的白色织物，另一种是可以进行水洗的有颜色织物。一般洗白色衣物用碱性比较高的洗涤剂，漂白工序加入次氯酸钠等漂白剂对衣物进行脱色。有色衣物的洗涤是用中性或兹碱性合成洗涤剂，对衣物的漂白需要用彩漂粉或氧漂剂。本文简要介绍星级酒店洗衣房用漂白剂配方及洗涤程序。     

珍珠漂白试验

本文简述了国内外珍珠漂白的工作概况及漂白剂配方的发展情况。利用简易的实验操作,设计十多种漂白剂配方,对海水珠、淡水珠及已泛黄旧珠分别进行了漂白试验;对比、筛选出各类珠较适用的漂白剂配方,并对漂白机理进厅了浅谈。     

贮存稳定的过氧化氢漂白剂

<正> 过氧化氢漂白剂是纺织工业上广泛使用的漂白剂。由于它贮存不稳定,往往造成活性氧的降低。西德专利2531—870介绍了一种贮存稳定的过氧化氢漂白剂,它含有:(a)4NaSO_4·2H_2O·NaCl复合物,(b)一种能和H_2O_2水溶液形成有机过酸的活性剂,(c)还有通常洗涤织物用的其他物质。(b)对(a)的重量比是99∶1到1∶99,最好是7∶3到1∶20。组分(b)可是五醋酸葡糖酯,8—乙酰化的蔗糖等,该漂白剂可用于各种     

Amineborane: a unique reductive bleaching agent that protects cystine disulphide bonds in keratins

This paper reports a new application for amineboranes in the bleaching of wool, a typical example of keratin fibre. It has been found in this investigation that amineboranes are unique reductive bleaching agents that do not attack cystine disulphide bonds in wool keratin and do not impart permanent set to the fibre during bleaching. Selected amineborane compounds can be used in conjunction with oxidative agents such as hydrogen peroxide in aqueous media to further enhance the whitening effect and prevent disulphide bond disruption in keratins. The results of this study have suggested that the researched technology outperforms existing bleaching methods on a number of levels and may be an important step towards a new commercial bleaching technology.     

Wool bleaching with reducing agents in the presence of sodium laurylsulphate. Part 6-bleaching with stabilised hydrosulphite

Reductive bleaching with Blankit IN has been shown to provide wool of excellent whiteness, with a lower cysteine content than in the case of bleaching with other reducing agents. The presence of sodium laurylsulphate in the bleaching bath improves the Berger index by about three units, without increasing the cysteine content.     

An amperometric titration method for bleach evaluation

An analytical method has been devised as a rapid screening procedure which predicts how effective an active chlorine containing compound will be as a bleaching agent. The method is based on an amperometric titration which indicates bleaching performance from both the increase in whiteness and fabric tendering standpoints. Excellent correlation was obtained between amperometrically determined data and practical bleaching data for several extensively used bleaching agents. In connection with this amperometric titration method, a polarographic method is also presented which provides good correlation between the polarographically determined data and practical bleaching data.     

纸浆绿色漂白——二氧化氯漂白

二氧化氯是ECF漂白工艺的主要漂白剂之一,已被应用于制浆厂的多段漂白。生产实践表明,在相同有效氯用量下,二氧化氯漂白产生的可吸附有机卤化物(AOX)仅为氯气漂白的1/5,而不影响脱木素。二氧化氯具有强氧化性,较强的脱木素能力和脱木素选择性。在ClO2漂白过程中,缓冲体系的建立有利于维持pH的稳定,二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、H2O2、NaClO2等一些助剂减少了ClO2漂白过程中AOX的生成量。ClO2生产设备国有化、采用灵活多变的漂白工艺是今后发展的趋势。     

脱色漂白技术及其应用

介绍各类脱色剂、漂白剂和增白剂的性质及应用，给出了数种化工及其他产品的脱色与漂白方法。并论述了脱色漂白领域的最新进展。     

The Yellowing and Bleaching of Wool

The yellowing of wool is a complex phenomenon which is induced by a variety of agencies such as light, heat and aqueous chemical reactions. Yellowing of wool by light depends critically on the wavelength distribution of the light (u. v. region), humidity and the type of prebleach given to the wool; if fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) are employed in the bleaching process then the sensitivity to photo-yellowing is drastically increased. The copious amount of work carried out to overcome this complex situation will be summarised and the important role of the aromatic indole amino acid, tryptophan, will be detailed. In contrast to photoyellowing, exposure of wool to visible blue light (maximal effect 420–450 nm) promotes photobleaching of the yellow pigments, giving rise to complaints of colour change, especially in wool products dyed to pastel colours. To remove natural yellowness, chemical bleaching of wool is usually carried out by using hydrogen peroxide, the usage of which should be carefully controlled because of its fibre damaging characteristics. Optimisation of wool peroxide bleaching procedures has therefore been the subject of much work and these studies will be reviewed. Bleaching of wool with reducing agents is often practised either as an alternative to peroxide bleaching or more usually as an aftertreatment of peroxide-bleached wool to improve the whiteness and stability to light. Trade practice in the field of wool bleaching has recently been critically reviewed; the results and recommendations of this assessment will be given. More recently, significant progress has been made in the field of selective dark fibre bleaching and in the bleaching of heavily pigmented wools (e.g. karakul) using methods based on ferrous ion mordanting.     

Further Investigations on Cane Wax Refining and Bleaching

The crude wax from Egyptian sugar contains ash, which probably consists of soaps and phosphatides. After the inorganic material has been eliminated by heating with hydrochloric acid, a soft wax of higher acidity remains. The acid and the softer components of the wax may be readily distilled under low pressure in steam, leaving as a residue a hard dark wax, which is odourless, contains little acid material and is comparable with hard, dark waxes obtained by solvent process of refining. The distillates from the low pressure distillation are pale yellow-brown pastes. The effect of different chemical bleaching agents on bleaching of hard wax is reported. Chromic acid was found to be much superior to other bleaching agents examined. The hard wax obtained, whether from the low pressure refining or from solvent refining, are readily converted by this agent into pale hard, glossy waxes having high acid values.     

麦草亚铵法氧脱木素浆蒽醌强化次氯酸盐漂白

对麦草亚铵法氧脱木素浆进行蒽醌强化的次氯酸盐漂白工艺的研究,结果表明:在所选四因素三水平漂白工艺中,影响纸浆白度和卡伯值的主要因素是用氯量,当用氯量为7%时,纸浆白度为71.1%ISO;另外,在50℃和80℃的条件下,对麦草亚铵法氧脱木素浆分别进行添加氨基磺酸和蒽醌的漂白研究,发现次氯酸盐漂白时添加蒽醌比添加氨基磺酸的漂白效果好,不仅漂白浆的白度和黏度均得到提高,而且脱木素能力也显示加强。     

Bleach: Facts,fantasy, and fundamentals

Bleaching agents are primary adjuncts of the cleaning process. They can be formulated as separate products for discretionary use or incorporated as an integral part of the cleaning product. The chemistry and expected performance benefits of the various types of commercially available bleaching agents are discussed. The known chemical and environmental factors affecting shelf stability and in-use activity of bleaching agents are reviewed. Attributes for the “ideal” household bleach are also outlined.