共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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高岭石及其有机插层复合物在高性能陶瓷领域有着良好的应用前景。本文利用微波技术,以DMSO作为前驱体,制备高岭石/丙烯酰胺插层复合物,发现微波对丙稀酰胺的插层反应具有相当明显的促进作用,反应时间从通常的几天缩短到几个小时。采用X-射线衍射、FT-IR光谱、TG等技术对其进行表征。结果表明:反应2小时后,该插层复合物的层间距即可扩大为1.139nm,其键合方式发生了改变,形成新的氢键。这为工业生产高岭石有机插层物以及制造纳米级高岭土提供了高效的新途径,并为进一步生产高性能陶瓷方面打下了基础。 相似文献
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超声波法制备高岭石插层复合物 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
用超声波法制备了高岭石插层复合物.利用红外光谱、X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜分析了不同产地高岭石结构的差异、插层效果以及它们之间的关系.比较了不同类型插层剂与高岭石的插层产物、插层效果及插层机理.结果表明:相同条件下,多水高岭石(埃洛石)和结构压力大的管状高岭石比普通高岭石更易于插层.在60℃,3 h,超声波条件下,将高岭石/二甲基亚砜(dimethylsulphoxide,DMSO)作为媒介,采用两步插层法快速制备高岭石/乙醇前驱体,但DMSO的插层率优于乙醇的.甲醇钠与苏州高岭石作用后,使部分苏州土片层间剥离. 相似文献
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高岭石/聚苯乙烯插层复合物碳热还原反应制备碳化硅晶须/氧化铝复相陶瓷粉体 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
以二甲基亚砜(dimethylsuIfox.de,DMSO)为插层剂制得高岭石/DMSO插层复合物,将苯乙烯单体与高岭石,DMSO插层复合物进行置换反应, 成功地将苯乙烯单体引入高岭石层间,层间苯乙烯在加热条件下聚合,制得高岭石/聚苯已烯捅层复合物.以高岭石/聚苯乙烯插层复合物为原料,在氩气保护气氛下,于1500℃碳热还原反应制备碳化硅晶须/氧化铝(SiCw/Al2O3)复相陶瓷粉体.结果表明:在高岭石/聚苯乙烯插层复合物中,高岭石 的层间距由0.717nm扩张到1.130nm,插层率接近100%.插层作用影响了层间羟基基团的振动,使其键合方式发生改变.X射线衍射和扫描电镜分 析表明:合成出SiCw/Al2O3复相陶瓷粉体中SiC和Al2O3为主品相,SiC呈晶须状,其直径≤200nm,长度≥3μm. 相似文献
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综述了高岭石/有机物插层复合物发展,分析了高岭石插层复合物插层机理,粘土矿物及高岭土有机物插层应用及插层复合物合成Sialon陶瓷的制备,并对其发展前景进行了展望. 相似文献
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高岭石有机插层反应的影响因素 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
利用高岭石的层状结构特征,将有机分子插入高岭石层间形成的高岭石有机复合物,兼具粘土矿物和有机物的特性,是一种新型矿物材料,在功能填料、陶瓷材料、催化剂、择吸附剂、环境修复材料等方面具有广泛的应用前景。高岭石层间氢键作用较强,有机分子的插层作用比较困难,合理控制插层条件是插层作用完成的关键。评述了高岭石特征、插层有机分子性质、水、温度、压力、PH值等因素对高岭石有机插层作用的影响。 相似文献
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介绍了二甲亚砜(DMSO)取代法制备高岭石/酒石酸(标记为K/T)插层复合物.产物经XRD-6000粉晶衍射和傅立叶变换红外光谱表征.XRD表明:高岭石层间距由0.72 nm扩张到1.09 nm,插层率达50%.红外光谱表明:酒石酸分子的羰基与高岭石的内表面羟基形成了氢键,而羟基与高岭石的硅氧面的氧形成了氢键.酒石酸分子以单分子层平铺于高岭石层间. 相似文献
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高岭石/二甲亚砜插层复合物的热分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
用热重-差示扫描量热法(thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry,TG-DSC)和X射线衍射研究了高岭石/二甲亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide,DMSO)插层复合物形成时,吸附在高岭石表面的DMSO分子的存在状况.测量了复合物在60℃干燥不同时间和升温速率不同时的TG-DSC曲线.结果表明:复合物在60℃干燥24h后可将吸附分子除去,而不影响插入的DMSO;水和DMSO的脱附温度分别为60℃和117℃.根据热分析数据计算得到了Al2[SiO2O5](OH)4与DMSO的摩尔比值为1.04:1.研究发现:在高岭石的层间不存在水分子,水分子仅仅吸附在高岭石的表面. 相似文献
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In this study, intercalation of dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) in a Cameroonian kaolinite is used to achieve weakening of the interlayer hydrogen bonds, in the perspective of dispersion or even exfoliation of the clay within polymer composite materials. Displacement of intercalated DMSO by ethyl acetate and ammonium acetate is studied in order to simulate the interactions with the polymer matrix. The exfoliation of the kaolinite is well evidenced by X-ray diffraction and SEM observations. The disruption of the interlayer bonds is shown by the displacement of the FT-IR vibration modes of both Al–OH and Si–O functions, and by the decrease of the dehydroxylation temperature recorded by Controlled Rate Thermal Analysis. Complete displacement of DMSO by ethyl acetate is achieved and the crystalline structure is deeply disordered as a result of interlayer bonds weakening. The displacement of DMSO by ammonium acetate leads to a ternary composite of DMSO/ammonium acetate with respective intercalation ratio of 62.4% and 57.7%. 相似文献
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我国煤系高岭土储量丰富,为满足造纸、纺织等行业个性化的需求,通常要对其进行深加工。以山西朔州煤系高岭土为原料,分别在恒温磁力搅拌和超声波作用下探究了煤系高岭土/二甲基亚砜(DMSO)插层复合物制备的最佳条件,在插层复合物的基础上对煤系高岭土进行超声辅助剥离,制备得到高岭土微粉,并利用XRD、SEM、BET、TG-DSC等方法分析表征样品。正交实验结果表明在磁力搅拌条件下DMSO用量、插层时间以及插层温度均对插层率具有一定的影响,引入超声波有利于高岭土插层率的提升。插层复合物经超声辅助剥离后晶粒厚度明显减小,高岭土片层状结构大体上呈现碎片化,仅保留少部分大的片状结构,其边缘碎化,整体上也出现碎裂的趋势。剥离样品的比表面积和孔径均大幅度增加,为硬质高岭土的剥离和超微细粉体的制备提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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Complete urea-intercalation of a low reactivity kaolinite from Birdwood has been carried out by co-grinding with urea in the absence of water (mechanochemical intercalation). The effectiveness of mechanochemical intercalation was compared to solution intercalation by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (TG, DTG), diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared (DRIFT) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In aqueous solution of urea the Birdwood kaolinite was intercalated with difficulty and only 12% intercalation was achieved. After 2 h of co-grinding with solid urea, complete (100%) intercalation was attained. The possible explanation of complete intercalation is that co-grinding of Birdwood kaolin with solid urea can remove the high-defect kaolinite coating, which prevents the intercalation of the low-defect kaolinite particles. The mechanochemical treatment increased the degree of intercalation and in parallel reduced the amount of the crystalline kaolinite phase. 相似文献
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Ag nanoparticles were synthesized in the interlamellar space of a layered kaolinite. Disaggregation of the lamellae of the nonswelling kaolinite was achieved by the intercalation of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The kaolinite was suspended in aqueous AgNO3 solution and the adsorbed Ag+ ions were reduced on the surface of kaolinite lamellae with NaBH4 or UV light irradiation. The silver nanoparticles formed were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We studied the effects of the two reduction methods on the size and the size distribution of Ag nanoparticles and how clay mineral structure is altered as a consequence of particle formation. It was established that the size of Ag nanoparticles depends on both silver content and the reduction method. Photoreduction of silver led to the formation of relatively large Ag nanoparticles (diameter 8–14 nm). 相似文献
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高岭石有机插层复合材料的研究及应用现状 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高岭石是一种层状硅酸盐矿物,有机物可进入其层间形成高岭石有机插层复合物。本文综述了高岭石有机插层复合物的发展及其制备,分析了高岭石插层复合物的插层反应特点和插层影响因素,并概述了该领域目前的研究重点和应用前景。 相似文献