DTM-SIR模型上信任机制对信息传播的影响

信任是连接人与人之间复杂社交关系的桥梁。通过网络分层机制将个体信任水平动态转变策略与社交网络上信息动态传播过程分层研究,从两个网络层节点独立传播和交互影响角度来研究个体信任水平博弈对信息传播过程的影响,改进了单层网路研究的局限性。两层网络节点符合层内独立传播、层间相互影响的规则。信任层节点的传播采用博弈演化动力学方法来处理,信息传播层节点传播则符合流行病动力学SIR传播模型,但其受信任层信任因子的影响。并且文中给出了DTM-SIR模型各层元素动态变化的具体分析过程,通过实例仿真表明信任层的引入对信息传播扩大化影响具有积极的意义。     

一种基于邻居节点间相互影响和改进概率的社交网络信息传播模型

目前网络传播动力学的研究焦点之一是以经典的传染病动力学模型为基础,来研究特定网络的信息传播规律。本文针对社交网络中信息传播的特点,在传统的SIR模型基础上,加入新的一类假免疫节点,建立了SDIR模型。并考虑到邻居节点间的相互影响,定义了三个传播概率函数,对SDIR模型做了改进。通过对比不同条件下信息传播的过程,实验证明了信息不能覆盖全网络,Twitter比新浪微博有更好的信息传播效率的推测,并发现初始传播概率会对信息传播有重要影响。     

基于Agent动态网络的疾病传播模型

提出一个基于Agent动态网络的疾病传播模型,研究疾病在人群中传播扩散的动态过程。在扩展疾病传播的SIR模型基础上,利用不同的个体状态描述各阶段病情。在二维规则网络上,通过增加个体自主移动性构建动态社会网络,并考虑个体异质性和所采取的防护措施对疾病传播的影响。仿真结果表明,该模型较好地反映了动态社会网络和个体适应性行为对疾病传播的影响,并与实际情况基本保持一致。     

适应网络病毒传播的SIS离散模型

为有效地模拟病毒在适应网络中的传播,分析了当前适应网络病毒传播研究的现状,结合适应网络中存在的节点动力学和网络动力学相互作用、相互反馈的机制,提出了一种基于计算机仿真技术的适应网络病毒传播的SIS(susceptibleinfected-susceptible)离散模型.通过对所建模型进行仿真和分析,实验结果表明,病毒在适应网络中传播具有双稳态性;由于节点规避病毒传播而改变网络连接的行为,使得网络的度分布发生变化,该行为对病毒在网络中的传播具有抑制作用.     

复杂网络模型及其在疫情传播和控制中的应用研究

复杂网络已成为一个热点研究问题,它在工程技术、社会、政治、医药、经济、管理等领域都有着广泛的应用。越来越多的科学家开始关注基于复杂网络拓扑结构的动力学研究。其中,关于疾病传播的研究是一个重要方面。分析和研究了小世界网络模型和I3A无标度网络模型两种经典的复杂网络模型,并模拟了传染病按照SIR传播模型在两种网络中的传播情况,讨论了其上的传播阂值以及随机免疫和目标免疫策略对传播阂值的影响。最后对H1N1病毒的传播情况进行了仿真模拟,包括H1N1病毒在自由传播和采取随机及目标免疫两种免疫策略时的传播情况。仿真结果表明,目标免疫策略可以有效抑制疾病的传播。     

SIS model of epidemic spreading on dynamical networks with community

We present a new epidemic Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) model to investigate the spreading behavior on networks with dynamical topology and community structure. Individuals in themodel are mobile agentswho are allowed to perform the inter-community (i.e., long-range) motion with the probability p. The mean-field theory is utilized to derive the critical threshold (λ_C) of epidemic spreading inside separate communities and the influence of the long-range motion on the epidemic spreading. The results indicate that λ_C is only related with the population density within the community, and the long-range motion will make the original disease-free community become the endemic state. Large-scale numerical simulations also demonstrate the theoretical approximations based on our new epidemic model. The current model and analysis will help us to further understand the propagation behavior of real epidemics taking place on social networks.     

SIS model of epidemic spreading on dynamical networks with community

We present a new epidemic Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) model to investigate the spreading behavior on networks with dynamical topology and community structure. Individuals in themodel are mobile agentswho are allowed to perform the inter-community (i.e., long-range) motion with the probability p. The mean-field theory is utilized to derive the critical threshold (λ _C ) of epidemic spreading inside separate communities and the influence of the long-range motion on the epidemic spreading. The results indicate that λ _C is only related with the population density within the community, and the long-range motion will make the original disease-free community become the endemic state. Large-scale numerical simulations also demonstrate the theoretical approximations based on our new epidemic model. The current model and analysis will help us to further understand the propagation behavior of real epidemics taking place on social networks.     

社交网络中考虑节点度的演化博弈

在谣言传播过程中,针对度不同的节点具有的辨识能力不同,结合节点度定义一种新的博弈收益,借助博弈论建立一种动态复杂网络演化模型。该模型考虑到谣言传播往往与节点利益相关这一特点,通过引入辨识能力描述不同节点的非一致传播率,研究谣言在该模型上的传播动力学行为,并提出两种谣言抑制策略。随后,利用两种典型网络模型进行仿真实验,并在Facebook真实网络数据中对仿真结果进行验证。研究表明,谣言模糊程度对BA（Barabási-Albert）无标度网络和Facebook网络中谣言传播速率及达到稳定状态所需时间影响较小,随着谣言模糊程度增大,谣言在网络中传播范围变大,相对于WS（Watts-Strogtz）小世界网络,谣言更容易在BA无标度网络和Facebook网络中传播;研究还发现,免疫收益增加值相同时,与BA无标度网络和Facebook网络相比,WS小世界网络中免疫节点的增长幅度更大;此外,通过节点危害程度进行抑制比通过博弈收益进行抑制具有更好的谣言抑制效果。     

复杂网络中的弱化免疫策略分析

针对免疫策略在病毒免疫时会删除网络结构级联边从而出现削弱网络连通效率的问题,提出一种含权网络特定的病毒弱化免疫策略方法。该方法通过构建SI病毒传播模型,给出该模型的病毒感染密度演化公式。理论分析表明:病毒传播率与网络结构的异化性有密切关系,节点度的大小会影响病毒传播的效果,同时弱化免疫策略能衰减连边权值降低传播率,达到遏制病毒传播保留网络连通效率的目的。计算机仿真结果验证了理论模型的可行性和弱化免疫的合理性。最后,将弱化免疫策略应用到局域世界以及目标免疫策略中,更进一步说明了弱化免疫策略能有效控制病毒传播速度。     

网络病毒传播模型中的两个问题

现有的网络病毒分析模型大都依据流行病模型建立,这些模型并不能反映现代网络环境下病毒的传播规律,故有一些问题不能得到很好的解决。文章在新模型的基础上重点讨论其中的两个最为突出的问题:网络病毒的门限值问题和单节点在病毒传播中的不同作用。通过对新模型解的分析得出结论:如果病毒的传播紧密地依赖网络的连接率,而它们的治愈率又相对较小,那么这类病毒的门限值是不存在的。基于该结论文章对长期以来困扰网络病毒传播模型的两个公开的问题给出了合理的解释。文章将电脑的连接率作为节点的一个最基本的特征,从而指出具有不同连接率的节点,它们在病毒传播中的作用也不相同,文章还首次给出了它们的估算公式,从而也为刚刚起步的网络免疫系统中节点的选择提供了有力的理论支持。文章最后进行了模拟实验,实验的结果基本验证了分析结论。     

城市供水系统故障蔓延动力学研究

基于复杂网络理论,建立了城市供水系统故障蔓延动力学模型,模型考虑了城市供水复杂网络结点的自修复功能、故障蔓延机制。研究了自修复因子、延迟时间因子两个特征参数对三种应用广泛的城市供水复杂网络（随机网络、无尺度网络和小世界网络）结点修复率和故障结点数的影响。模拟结果与实际城市供水系统的特征一致,表明所建立的模型可以有效地模拟城市供水系统故障蔓延动力学。     

基于小世界网络的甲型流感传播的研究

借助小世界网络模型和扩展的SIS传染病传播模型,建立了复杂网络的传染病传播模型,并利用此模型模拟甲型H1N1型流感病毒的传播过程,通过调节模型的不同的参数,找到影响病毒传播速度的关键因素,为研究甲型H1N1型流感病毒的传播特性和对病毒的防疫提供参考。     

考虑节点亲密度的社交网络谣言传播研究

考虑到真实社交网络中节点间亲密程度对谣言传播的影响,提出一种新的SI2R传播模型,建立谣言传播动力学方程组,研究谣言在无标度网络上的传播特性。该模型中不同节点间谣言传播率的非一致性同时取决于节点度与节点间亲密度,理论分析得到了无标度网络上谣言传播阈值表达式。随后,在BA（Barabási-Albert）无标度网络中就节点亲密度对谣言传播过程的影响进行了仿真实验,并利用Twitter和Live Journal两种真实网络数据集对仿真结果进行验证。研究表明,无标度网络中节点间平均亲密度随网络聚类系数的增大而减小,随着网络中节点间平均亲密度增大,谣言传播最终范围变大。研究还发现,节点间亲密度的存在使无标度网络中存在传播阈值,传播阈值随着节点间平均亲密度增大而减小。     

结构化对等网中的P2P蠕虫传播模型研究

基于结构化对等网路由表构造方法,抽象出描述P2P节点空间结构特征的命题并加以证明,将命题结论引入蠕虫传播规律的推导过程,使其转化成新问题并加以解决.建立了P2P蠕虫在三种典型结构化对等网中的传播模型,给出刻画P2P蠕虫传播能力的函数,并揭示了覆盖网拓扑对蠕虫传播的负面影响.所有模型都通过了仿真实验的验证.     

An alternative approach to characterize the topology of complex networks and its application in epidemic spreading

Based on the mean-field approach, epidemic spreading has been well studied. However, the mean-field approach cannot show the detailed contagion process, which is important in the control of epidemic. To fill this gap, we present a novel approach to study how the topological structure of complex network influences the concrete process of epidemic spreading. After transforming the network structure into hierarchical layers, we introduce a set of new parameters, i.e., the average fractions of degree for outgoing, ingoing, and remaining in the same layer, to describe the infection process. We find that this set of parameters are closely related to the degree distribution and the clustering coefficient but are more convenient than them in describing the process of epidemic spreading. Moreover, we find that the networks with exponential distribution have slower spreading speed than the networks with power-law degree distribution. Numerical simulations have confirmed the theoretical predictions.     

Block sparse design of distributed controllers for dynamical network systems

This study proposes a controller design method based on block sparse optimization for dynamical network systems. The objective of the controller is to stabilize dynamical network systems with a given convergence rate. The block sparse optimization minimizes the number of controlled nodes. This study is unique in that the structure of the controller is constrained by the network topology of the system. Additionally, the proposed design problem is separable in terms of the distributed optimization over networks. The proposed method is applicable to controller design for the pinning control of consensus systems and the optimal vaccine allocation for epidemic spreading processes.     

An alternative approach to characterize the topology of complex networks and its application in epidemic spreading

Based on the mean-field approach, epidemic spreading has been well studied. However, the mean-field approach cannot show the detailed contagion process, which is important in the control of epidemic. To fill this gap, we present a novel approach to study how the topological structure of complex network influences the concrete process of epidemic spreading. After transforming the network structure into hierarchical layers, we introduce a set of new parameters, i.e., the average fractions of degree for outgoing, ingoing, and remaining in the same layer, to describe the infection process. We find that this set of parameters are closely related to the degree distribution and the clustering coefficient but are more convenient than them in describing the process of epidemic spreading. Moreover, we find that the networks with exponential distribution have slower spreading speed than the networks with power-law degree distribution. Numerical simulations have confirmed the theoretical predictions.     

The Impact of Discrimination on the Spread of Infectious Diseases in Complex Networks

This paper proposes a novel model combining an epidemic dynamics and an opinion dynamics to investigate the impact of epidemic-related opinion dynamics on the spreading of infectious diseases in complex networks. We assume that, the outcomes of opinion dynamics on the behavior of asymptomatically infected individuals who have known their infected state, could not only reduce their transmission probabilities, but also could increase their transmission probabilities. This assumption has rarely been considered for modeling the interactions among epidemic dynamics, opinion dynamics and the exchange of human behaviors. We find that when the epidemic-related opinion dynamics exist, a higher randomness of individuals will simultaneously lead to a higher prevalence of infectious diseases and a lower social discrimination perceived by infected individuals. Furthermore, if the positive external global impact exceeds a certain critical value, there is an abrupt disappearance of infection owing to the contribution of opinion dynamics. Based on our results, some suggestions are given to reduce the spreading of epidemic diseases.     

考虑个体警觉行为的双层网络流行病传播模型

流行病传播过程中常伴随个体意识信息的扩散,然而目前关于流行病与意识信息关系的研究大部分未考虑意识信息在传播过程中对个体接触行为的影响。提出一种基于个体警觉状态的双层网络流行病传播模型。建立下层物理接触网络描述流行病的传播,构建上层信息扩散网络描述流行病传播中信息扩散,根据个体的行为偏好和警觉性设计警觉个体避免与非警觉个体接触、警觉个体避免与警觉个体接触两种接触行为策略,并在BA-BA、BA-WS和WS-WS 3种双层网络中模拟两种行为策略对流行病传播的影响。仿真结果表明,该模型中两种个体警觉行为策略通过调节警觉性参数均能有效降低流行病感染规模并提高流行病爆发阈值,从而抑制流行病在人群中传播。     

基于SIR模型的时间侵占行为传播动力学建模与仿真

针对时间侵占行为在复杂网络上的传播问题,基于基本SIR传染病模型,提出了一种考虑了自发感染率和外部组织环境因素的时间侵占行为传播模型,探讨了时间侵占行为在ER随机网络,NW小世界网络,WS小世界网络以及BA无标度网络上的传播,在此基础上,集中分析了无标度网络上时间侵占行为传播的影响因素。研究发现:1. 时间侵占行为的传播受压力和公平系数的影响,一定范围内,压力越小,员工发生时间侵占行为的概率越大,传播过程也越快;反之压力越大,发生时间侵占行为的概率越小,传播过程也相对较为缓慢。2.时间侵占行为的传播与传播概率和自发感染概率密切相关,初始节点的度越大,传播越快,反之传播越慢。