气流-静电纺丝法制备苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚超细纤维

采用75%四氢呋喃(THF)和25%N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)的混合溶液作溶剂,通过气流-静电纺丝法制备了苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)超细纤维。利用扫描电镜(SEM),研究了溶液浓度、电压、接收距离(喷丝孔到接收板的距离)、喷丝孔内径对静电纺纤维的直径和形貌的影响。研究发现:溶液浓度对电纺纤维的直径和形貌有非常重要的影响,当溶液浓度由10%增加到18%时,电纺纤维平均直径随之成线性增加;当电压由23.8kV增加到33.8kV时,纤维平均直径先减小后增加。最佳工艺条件为:溶液质量分数为14%,电压为28.8kV,接收距离为20cm,喷丝孔内径为0.27mm,所得SBS电纺超细纤维平均直径为429nm。     

气流-静电纺丝法制备聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯纳米纤维

采用50%苯酚和50%1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷的混合溶液为溶剂,通过气流-静电纺丝法制备了聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)纳米纤维。利用扫描电镜(SEM),研究了聚合物分子质量、溶液浓度、电压、接收距离(喷丝孔到接收板的距离)对电纺纤维形态结构的影响。结果表明:随着聚合物分子质量和溶液浓度增加,纤维平均直径也随之增加;纤维平均直径随电压的增加而减小;随接收距离的增加,纤维平均直径先减小后增加。最佳工艺条件为:聚合物特性黏度为0.818 dL/g,溶液质量分数为15%,电压为32 kV,接收距离为23 cm,所得PET电纺纳米纤维平均直径为85 nm。     

熔体微分静电纺PBAT纤维膜的制备工艺研究

探究了聚己二酸对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBAT）熔体静电纺性能,并研究了熔体微分静电纺工艺参数与PBAT纤维性能之间的关系。结果表明,随着纺丝温度的升高,纤维直径减小,纤维直径分布呈先减小后增大的趋势;随着纺丝电压的升高,纤维直径减小且分布均匀,纤维膜力学性能逐渐提高;当纺丝距离为9 cm,纺丝温度为260 ℃,纺丝电压为45 kV时,制备的纤维细度及均匀度最佳,其直径为4.31 μm,直径分布标准差为0.76,纤维膜拉伸强度为9.9 MPa、断裂伸长率为111.2 %。     

最新专利

<正>一种含纳米银的明胶纳米纤维膜的制备及应用本发明涉及一种含纳米银的明胶纳米纤维膜,包括明胶纳米纤维和均匀地分布在明胶纳米纤维的纳米银,纳米银颗粒附着在明胶的纳米纤维表面或嵌入纤维中,明胶纳米纤维平均直径为60～200 nm,纳米银颗粒平均直径为4～50 nm。其制备采用静电纺丝法:在明胶-甲酸     

静电纺丝法纺制聚乳酸纳米纤维无纺毡

采用静电纺丝法制备了生物降解聚乳酸(PLLA)纳米纤维无纺毡。分析了纺丝液浓度、电压、接收距离、挤出速度等因素对纤维形态的影响。结果表明:纺丝液的浓度和挤出速度对纤维直径的影响较为明显,溶液挤出速度增大,所得纤维微孔含量及尺寸也增大;适当的电压和接收距离有利于收集无液滴纤维;随着纤维直径的减小,无纺毡的孔径呈减小趋势。在PLLA质量分数为5．7％、挤出速度0．8 mL／h、接受距离 15．5 cm、电压8 kV的静电纺丝条件下,可制备纤维直径为200-400 nm的PLLA纳米纤维无纺毡。     

高压静电场纺丝法制备羟丙基甲基纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯超细纤维

通过高压静电场纺丝法制备了羟丙基甲基纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯(HPMCP)的超细纤维,并详细研究了溶液浓度、纺丝电压及混合溶剂的配比对纤维形态和直径的影响。当混合溶剂中的无水乙醇与二氯甲烷为1∶1(V/V)时,在纺丝电压为30kV的条件下,HPMCP可纺丝的浓度范围为7%～16%(wt)。溶液浓度为7%时,电纺得到珠状纤维;浓度大于8%时,得到表面光滑的圆柱状纤维。随着纺丝溶液浓度的增大,所得纤维的平均直径逐渐增大。在HPMCP溶液浓度(8%)和溶剂组成(无水乙醇/二氯甲烷=1∶1)保持一定时,随着纺丝电压的增大,所得纤维的平均直径呈下降的趋势。而在纺丝浓度和电压一定的情况下,随着混合溶剂中二氯甲烷体积分数的增大,所得纤维的平均直径先增大后减小,无水乙醇与二氯甲烷体积比为1∶1和1∶2时,所得纤维的直径分布相对集中。     

聚醚型聚氨酯电纺纤维膜的制备及结构性能研究

将聚醚型聚氨酯(PU)切片溶于四氢呋喃/N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(体积比1:1)混合溶剂中,配制得到质量分数分别为2%,3%,4%,5%的透明均一纺丝液,采用静电纺丝法制备聚醚型PU电纺纤维膜,研究了其结构与性能。结果表明:聚醚型PU电纺纤维膜在电纺过程中没有发生化学结构的变化;随着纺丝液浓度增加,纤维直径逐渐增加,聚醚型PU电纺纤维膜的孔隙率先增大后减小,断裂强度、拉伸模量和断裂伸长率先减小后增加;当纺丝液质量分数为3%时,聚醚型PU电纺纤维膜的纤维表面光滑且直径分布均匀,纤维平均直径为(380.7±85)nm,孔隙率为(86.4±1.8)%,接触角为134°,吸水率为248.4%,水蒸气透过率为99.29 g/(m~2·h),拉伸强度为2.77 MPa,拉伸模量为1.70 MPa,断裂伸长率为103.3%。     

聚氨酯静电纺丝条件的探索

采用静电纺丝法制备聚氨酯纤维非织造布,借助扫描电子显微镜分析了静电纺丝液的浓度、纺丝电压和纺丝液挤出速率等因素对纤维直径及形貌和结构的影响.结果表明,在纺丝液固体质量分数8%～12%、纺丝电压32.5～37.5 kV、纺丝液挤出速率0.8～2.4 mL/h范围内,能纺制出 直径分布在250～1000nm之间的聚氨酯纤维...     

电纺纳米纤维的研究及应用

静电纺丝(电纺)技术是一种制备直径为数10 nm到数100nm纳米纤维的有效方法.本文介绍了静电纺丝中原料聚合物的类型、纺丝条件和纺丝技术等方面的研究成果,电纺纳米纤维和产品的特性及其应用.     

用螺旋静电纺丝技术制备胶原蛋白肽纳米纤维及其机理研究

纳米纤维具有较高的比表面积,独特的网状结构和空隙以及易于实现功能化的优点,倍受人们的关注。在众多的制备方法种,静电纺丝技术是一种最简单有效的技术,其中螺旋静电纺丝技术由于能够实现纳米纤维的规模化制备,也受到广泛的关注。本文将螺旋静电纺丝技术应用于胶原蛋白肽水溶液的静电纺丝,考察纺丝电压、螺旋片厚度、螺旋直径对纺丝直径的影响,进而探索螺旋静电纺丝技术纺丝成形的机理。研究结果表明:随着电压从60千伏升高到90千伏,纤维平均直径201mm降低116nm;随着螺旋片厚度从1.5mm增加到5mm,纤维平均直径从159nm减少到84nm;螺旋直径增加,导致纺丝纤维直径的离散程度呈上升趋势。     

高黏度聚乳酸(PLA)熔体微分离心静电纺丝

离心纺丝已成为制备超细纤维的有效途径,将离心纺丝和静电纺丝结合起来的离心静电纺丝,纺丝效率高、纤维细度低。但是目前离心静电纺丝相关的研究十分有限,且主要涉及溶液离心静电纺丝。为了解决这一问题,本文设计了一种基于熔体微分的熔体离心静电纺丝装置,选取聚乳酸（PLA）作为研究对象,探究了挤出机转速和流量的关系,得出挤出机转速在20r/min、流量为1.6089g/min时纺丝效果最佳。研究了离心盘转速、纺丝电压等因素对纤维的影响,得出增加离心盘转速可大幅细化纤维直径,离心盘转速提高1倍,纤维直径减小77.26%;纺丝电压的加入不仅可以细化纤维直径,而且可以提高纤维的结晶度。结果表明：熔体微分离心静电纺丝可以高效制备PLA超细纤维,并且通过改变实验参数可以控制纤维特征,为离心静电纺丝产业化提供实验依据。     

Characterization of gelatin nanofiber prepared from gelatin-formic acid solution

Gelatin, well known as a biocompatible polymer, was dissolved in formic acid and gelatin nanofiber was successfully prepared by the electrospinning using gelatin-formic acid dope solution. Stability of the dope solution was evaluated by measuring viscosity change with time. Even though the viscosity dropped markedly after 5 h, the spinnability and morphology of gelatin nanofiber were not affected at all. The parameters, such as electric field, spinning distance, and concentration of dope solution, were examined for studying the effects on electrospinnability and morphology (size, size distribution, uniformity, bead formation, etc.) of gelatin nanofiber web. The gelatin nanofibers, in the mean size of 70-170 nm, could be prepared by controlling the dope concentration under proper conditions. The electrospun gelatin nanofiber exhibited a mixture of α-helical and random coil conformation, which was amorphous structure with very low crystallinity. The structural transformation, from a helical (α-helix and triple-helix) to random coil conformation, might occur when formic acid was used for the dissolution of gelatin in electrospinning.     

三叶形截面碳化硅纤维纺丝工艺的研究

对三叶形截面碳化硅纤维的制备工艺进行了研究 ,分析了纺丝工艺中温度、压力、收丝速率对纤维异形度和当量直径的影响 ,发现纺丝温度是影响纤维异形度的主要因素 ,且较低的纺丝温度有利于制备异形度较大的纤维。实验表明 :制备异形截面碳化硅纤维的工艺条件为纺丝温度高出熔点 30～6 0℃ ,氮气压力 1.4～ 1.8MPa和适当的收丝速率的配合     

聚丙烯腈/二氧化钛杂化纳米活性碳纤维制备与结构变化规律

以聚丙烯腈(PAN)溶液中掺入二氧化钛(TiO2)为纺丝液,用静电纺丝法通过滚筒接收得到PAN/TiO2平行排布的纳米纤维,对该纳米纤维进行预氧化和活化以期得到一种兼具吸附-光催化的掺杂TiO2的活性纳米碳纤维。分别采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、红外光谱分析(IR)、扫描电镜分析(SEM)等手段进行表征。通过磷酸活化,最终制得了一种新型的PAN-ACF/TiO2纳米纤维,其纳米纤维的平均直径400nm,孔洞平均直径为37nm。     

静电纺工艺参数对SEBS纤维形貌和直径的影响

通过静电纺丝,将苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)溶解于四氢呋喃(THF)中的纺丝液制备成SEBS纤维,探索了纺丝液质量分数、纺丝电压和接收距离对纤维形貌及直径的影响.通过扫描电镜观察SEBS纤维的形貌以及Photoshop软件测量了SEBS纤维的直径.结果表明,纺丝液质量分数为25％、纺丝电压为10 k...     

Preparation of the chitosan containing nanofibers by electrospinning chitosan–gelatin complexes

Electrospinning is an interesting technique, which provides a facile and an effective mean in producing nonwoven fibrous materials; however, for producing nanofibers, investigation of the electrospinning conditions is very important. In this study, chitosan, gelatin, and their polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) were electrospun to prepare nonwoven nanofibrous mats. The concentrations of chitosan and gelatin solutions and electric field (kV/cm) were optimized. The solutions were then blended in different ratios (0–100%) to get electrospun nanofibrous mats. Solution concentration and electric field showed pronounced effect on the electrospinnability and fiber diameter of these systems. Mostly large beads coexisted with the fibers were observed for chitosan at 1 wt% solution concentration, which then showed good electrospinnability at 2 wt% (nanofiber diameter was 145 and 122 nm at 15 and 20 kV/10 cm, respectively), whereas gelatin showed no electrospinnability below 15 wt% solution concentration and a homogenous fibers network at 15 wt% (149 nm at 20 kV/10 cm). The morphology and diameter of chitosan–gelatin PEC nanofibers varied with the chitosan/gelatin ratio. The crystallinity of chitosan was also observed to reduce with electrospinning and addition of gelatin. POLYM. ENG. SCI. 50:1887–1893, 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers     

不同溶剂对静电纺聚乳酸纳米纤维形态结构的影响

以聚乳酸（PLA）为原料,分别用三种不同的溶剂制得三种纺丝液并采用静电纺丝法,制备了聚乳酸纳米纤维。探讨了溶剂、电压、溶液质量分数对纤维形貌和直径的影响。结果表明,溶剂是决定PLA超细纤维形成的关键因素,三氯甲烷（CHC l3）与二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）混合溶剂（体积比为9∶1）是PLA静电纺丝较为理想的溶剂。在PLA质量分数为6%、极距15 cm、电压25 kV,流量2.5 mL/h的工艺条件下,可制备直径为1 200 nm左右的PLA纤维。     

Efficient preparation of polymer nanofibers by needle roller electrospinning with low threshold voltage

A novel electrospinning system with needle roller as spinneret for efficient preparation of nanofibers was proposed. The results of finite element simulation indicate that the electric field is more concentrated at the tip of needle piece compared with that for disc and coil spinnerets, which can effectively reduce the threshold voltage of electrospinning. Using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as model polymer, the effects of spacing between needle pieces and concentration of spinning solution on fiber diameter and productivity of nanofibers were investigated. The results indicate that the average diameter decreases and the uniformity of diameter increases when increasing the spacing between needle pieces. When the spacing between the needle pieces is 14 mm, the average and standard deviation (SD) of fiber diameter is as small as 190 and 72 nm, respectively. The productivity of nanofibers slightly increases with the concentration of spinning solution, and it is as high as 12.8 g/h when the PVA concentration was 11 wt% for a needle piece spacing of 10 mm, which is much higher than the productivities of reported electrospinning systems. The proposed system has the potential for the preparation of uniform nanofibers with increased throughput and reduced cost. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:745–751, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers     

A cost effective and facile approach to prepare beadless polycarbonate nanofibers with ultrafine fiber morphology

Preparing defect free nanofibers with average diameter well below 100 nm is a challenge to researchers by electrospinning technology. In the present contribution, the electrospinning method was utilized to prepare beadless polycarbonate (PC) nanofibers with average diameter 90 nm using comparatively less toxic and suitable solvents in a convenient way. Spinning PC with pure dichloromethane (DCM) and also with 1:1 mixture of DCM and N,N dimethylformamide under the same spinning parameters with varying PC concentration has very much helped to establish the effect of solvents on fiber formation. This study also proved the impact of solution concentration, viscosity, and solution conductivity on the formation of beadless ultrafine PC fibers and subsequently on the bead density and average fiber diameter. The appropriate proportion of solvents under suitable spinning parameters has helped to minimize the quantity of PC during the formation of bead free nanofibers by electrospinning. The ultrafine, uniform, and beadless morphology of the electrospun PC fibers can be utilized for various nanotechnology advancements. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:1799–1809, 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Co‐electrospun composite nanofibers of blends of poly[(amino acid ester)phosphazene] and gelatin

Electrospinning is known as a simple and effective fabrication method to produce polymeric nanofibers suitable for biomedical applications. Many synthesized and natural polymers have been electrospun and reported in the literature; however, there is little information on the electrospinning of poly[(amino acid ester)phosphazene] and its blends with gelatin. Composite nanofibers were made by co‐dissolving poly[(alaninoethyl ester)_0.67(glycinoethyl ester)_0.33phosphazene] (PAGP) and gelatin in trifluoroethanol and co‐electrospinning. The co‐electrospun composite nanofibers from different mixing ratios (0, 10, 30, 50, 70 and 90 wt%) of gelatin to PAGP consisted of nanoscale fibers with a mean diameter ranging from approximately 300 nm to 1 µm. An increase in gelatin in the solution resulted in an increase of average fiber diameter. Transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry measurements showed that gelatin core/PAGP shell nanofibers were formed when the content of gelatin in the hybrid was below 50 wt%, but homogeneous PAGP/gelatin composite nanofibers were obtained as the mixing ratios of gelatin to PAGP were increased up to 70 and 90 wt%. The study suggests that the interaction between gelatin and PAGP could help to stabilize PAGP/gelatin composite fibrous membranes in aqueous medium and improve the hydrophilicity of pure PAGP nanofibers. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry