机械合金化合成Sn-Cu二元合金粉体

采用高能球磨的机械合金化法合成Sn-Cu二元合金超细粉体,对在球磨过程中粉体的结构演变、颗粒形貌、粒径分布及熔化特性进行了研究,讨论了合金化机制.结果表明:球磨粉体由Sn(Cu)过饱和固溶体及Cu6Sn5构成.在球磨初期,Cu、Sn颗粒相互迭加、冷焊,形成复合层块;随后,复合层块断裂碎化,球形颗粒相互团聚构成大的团粒;最后,团粒解散,小颗粒进一步细化.球磨60 h后,Sn-Cu合金粉体的平均粒径(d50)为1～3 μm,且随Cu含量由0.7 wt%增加到10 wt%,Sn-Cu合金粉颗粒形貌由不规则绒絮状变化到球状,熔点由231℃降低到288℃.     

Synthesis of amorphous Ti—Al alloys by mechanical alloying of elemental powders

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｉｔａｎｉｕｍａｌｕｍｉｎｉｄｅｓａｒｅａｔｔｒａｃｔｉｖｅｃａｎｄｉｄａｔｅｍａ ｔｅｒｉａｌｓｆｏｒａｅｒｏｓｐａｃｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌａｎｄｅｎｇｉｎｅａｐｐｌｉｃａ ｔｉｏｎｓ ,ｏｗｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅｉｒｌｏｗｄｅｎｓｉ     

X-ray diffraction study on Ni---Al---Se amorphization by mechanical alloying

In this paper, the amorphization process in mechanical alloyed Ni---Al---Se powders has been investigated by X-ray diffraction. The influence of Se on the amorphization of Ni---Al alloys, and the influence of milling time on the powder structure, microcrystallites size and phases lattice distortion are presented. Also, the Fe and Cr content from the milling medium, after 400 h, was determined.     

Phase transformation behaviours of Ti-Ni-Cu shape memory alloy powders fabricated by mechanical alloying

In our research, Ti-Ni and Ti-Ni-Cu alloy powders were fabricated by mechanical alloying, and then phase transformation behaviours were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The size of the Ti-Ni-Cu alloy powders decreased as Cu-content increased. The powders of as-milled Ti-Ni and Ti-Ni-Cu alloys with Cucontents less than 5at.% were amorphous, whereas those of as-milled Ti-Ni-Cu alloys with Cu-content more than 10at.% were crystalline. These characteristics indicate that Cu addition tends to suppress amorphization of Ti-Ni based alloy powders. The monoclinic B19’ martensite is formed in the Ti-Ni-Cu alloy powders with Cu-content less than 10 at.%, whereas the orthorhombic B19 martensite is formed in the Yi-Ni-Cu alloy powders Cu-content more than 10 at.%. The Fe contamination is reduced by decreasing rotation speed from 350 rpm to 250 rpm.     

机械合金化法制备金锡合金

采用高能球磨机械合金化法制备了Au-20%Sn合金,分析了合金物相、组织和硬度随球磨时间的变化规律,探讨了合金塑性与合金组织及制备工艺的关系。结果表明:采用高能球磨机械合金化法可以制备Au-20%Sn合金;随球磨时间的增加,Au-20%Sn的合金化程度增加,组织中的金属间化合物逐渐增多,最终基本上为δ相和ζ′相;合金的硬度随球磨时间的延长逐渐升高,并在球磨60min后获得最高硬度104.2HV,然后开始下降;球磨后的合金粉末在190℃×2h的烧结过程中发生了不同程度的再结晶和晶粒长大,再结晶程度随球磨时间的延长而增加,导致烧结后合金硬度在球磨时间超过60min后反而下降。     

机械合金化制备AgCu20Ni2合金的组织和性能

研究了机械合金化诱发AgCu20Ni2过饱和合金粉末的形成及粉末冶金方法制备AgCu20Ni2合金的过程,对获得的AgCu20Ni2合金的组织和物理性能关系进行了分析,探讨了制备工艺和冷压变形对合金综合性能的影响。结果表明：采用高能球磨30 h,可获得纳米晶的过饱和合金粉末;合金粉末制备的AgCu20Ni2合金由富Ag的基体α相和均匀分布的析出β相构成,析出相界面结构能有效阻碍基体中位错的运动,强化效果明显。合金断口的SEM、EDS分析表明,AgCu20Ni2合金的断裂类型为韧性断裂。     

机械合金化制备Ti-Cu非晶涂层

对Ti6Al4V(TC4)合金表面进行机械合金化处理,在Ti6Al4V表面制备Ti-Cu非晶涂层。利用SEM、EDX和XRD等检测手段对涂层的显微组织与物相成分进行分析,通过摩擦磨损试验、显微硬度测试和划痕试验分别对涂层截面的显微硬度、涂层的摩擦耐磨性能及结合强度进行分析测试。分析结果表明:适当延长球磨时间可提高涂层的非晶化程度和致密度;当球磨时间达到11 h时,涂层最为致密,涂层厚度为40μm,且此时涂层与基体之间发生元素互扩散而形成冶金结合;涂层截面的显微硬度呈梯度变化,涂层的显微硬度最大值达593 HV0.1;涂层的摩擦因数和磨损量均较TC4基体的有显著减小,球磨11 h后,涂层的摩擦因数为0.18,磨损量为0.8 mg;涂层的结合强度亦随着球磨时间的延长而增加,球磨11 h后,涂层结合强度为44.6 N。     

机械合金化法制备Al—Cu—Fe纳米非晶合金

采用行星式高能球磨机制备了Al80-xCuxFe20(x=20-40）三元非晶纳米合金粉末,分析了不同球磨时间及热处理工艺对粉末结构、颗粒大小等的影响。结果表明：成分为Al40Cu40Fe20的粉末球磨时逐步非晶化,球磨33h后,非晶化程度最大,最小颗粒尺寸达到5．6nm;进一步球磨,非晶晶化,颗粒尺寸增大;成分为Al80-xCuxFe20(x=20,25,30)的粉末球磨90h后,得到非晶,最小颗粒尺寸为3．4nm。球磨制备的Al-Cu-Fe非晶粉末具有铁磁性。用DSC测量了其晶化温度（Tc),Tc≈873℃。     

Fabrication of Ti-Cu-Ni-Al amorphous alloys by mechanical alloying and mechanical milling

Ti-based amorphous alloy powders were synthesized by the mechanical alloying (MA) of pure elements and the mechanical milling (MM) of intermetallic compounds. The amorphous alloy powders were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Scanning electron micrographs revealed that the vein morphology of these alloy powders shows deformation during the milling. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectral maps confirm that each constituent is uniformly dispersed, including Fe and Cr. The XRD and DSC results showed that the milling time required for amorphization for the MA of pure elements was longer than that of the MM for intermetallic compounds. The activation energy and crystallization temperature of the MA powder are different from those of the MM powder.     

机械合金化法制备不同Cr含量的W-Cr纳米合金粉末

采用机械合金化法制备Cr含量为8%、12.5%、20%（质量分数）的纳米W-Cr合金粉,对不同球磨时间粉末进行X射线衍射分析,以确定物相、晶粒尺寸及微应变,并采用扫描电子显微镜观察粉末形貌及粒度的变化。结果表明,采用机械合金化法可以制备不同Cr含量的纳米W-Cr合金粉。随着Cr含量的增加,制备纳米W-Cr合金粉所需球磨时间越长,其中W-8%Cr、W-12.5%Cr和W-20%Cr粉末的最佳球磨时间分别为72、84和96 h,晶粒尺寸小于30 nm。随着球磨时间的增加,晶粒尺寸不断减小,微应变逐渐增加,使常温下Cr在W中的固溶度增加,形成W的过饱和固溶体。Cr含量不同的W-Cr粉末完全合金化均经过4个阶段。     

Electrochemical hydrogen storage properties of La0.95Mg2.05Ni9 alloy prepared by mechanical alloying

1　INTRODUCTIONTheMg basedhydrogenstoragealloysastheac tivematerialsofmetalhydrideelectrodeshaveattract edattentionbecauseofhighertheoreticalcapacitiesforhydrogenabsorption/desorption ,andthelowerpricecomparedwiththeotherhydrides[17] .Recent ly ,thecharge dischargepropertiesofMg basedalloysatroomtemperaturehavebeengreatlyimprovedbysomeresearchers[813] .Inparticular ,theMg Ni REsystemalloyisoneofthemost promisinghydrides[14 16 ] .Tanakaetal[15] reportedthatthenanocrystallineMg Ni RE(R…     

机械合金化制备Cu-0.5Wt%Nb合金组织与性能的研究

采用机械合金化法制备了Cu-0.5wt％Nb纳米弥散强化铜合金。通过金相、透射电镜观察了该合金粉末态、冷轧态及不同温度退火后合金的组织结构变化。通过测量该合金不同状态的硬度及相对电导率,实验结果表明,其冷轧态硬度较高(可达160kg/mm2),随退火温度升高硬度呈缓慢下降趋势;900℃退火后,硬度仍可达91kg/mm2,表明此合金抗高温软化性能较好.此外该合金相对电导率最高可达89% IACS,这进一步说明利用机械合金化法制备的Cu-0.5wt%Nb合金具有优越的综合性能.     

Initial stage of mechanical alloying in a binary system with composition Si70Fe30

Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction have been used to study the sequence of solidstate reactions that occur upon the mechanical alloying of mixtures of Si and Fe powders taken in an atomic ratio of 70: 30 in a planetary ball mill. In the course of the formation of a nanocrystalline state, the interpenetration of Si atoms into Fe particles and of Fe atoms into Si particles occurs. In the Si particles, clusters with a local neighborhood of Fe atoms that is characteristic of the deformed α-FeSi₂ phase are formed. In the Fe particles, clusters of the ?-FeSi and the β-FeSi₂ type arise. With increasing time of mechanical treatment, second phases of α-FeSi₂ in Si particles and of ?-FeSi and β-FeSi₂ in Fe particle are formed. In the latter case, a reaction ?-FeSi + Si → β-FeSi₂ occurs up to the complete disappearance of the ?-FeSi phase if the mixture under study is not contaminated by the material of the vessel (Fe) and balls.     

Mg70Al20Ca10合金机械合金化过程中的结构变化

以纯金属Mg、Al和Ca为原料,采用机械合金化的方法制备了Mg70Al20Ca10非晶态合金,分析了球磨过程中粉末试样的晶粒尺寸变化和相结构变化情况.结果表明,球磨过程中形成纳米晶和两种非晶相.Mg-Al-Ca合金在化学驱动力较小的条件下,可以通过机械驱动力的作用提高Ca、Al在Mg中的固溶度,导致非晶转变的发生.     

On the general outline of physical properties of amorphous-nanocrystalline Fe-Cr-Mn-N alloy powders prepared by mechanical alloying under nitrogen

This paper reviews last findings about physical properties of Fe-Cr-Mn-N powders synthesized by mechanical alloying under nitrogen. Their thermal, magnetic, indentation, and grain growth behaviors and nitrogen distribution in their amorphous-nanocrystalline structure are regarded as a function of milling time. Particularly, the role of nitrogen in the aforementioned phenomena is reviewed in detail.     

Producing powders for thermal spraying by mechanical alloying and mechanochemical synthesis

Special features of the production of powders for thermal spraying by mechanical alloying and mechanochemical synthesis are described.     

Structure and magnetic properties of Fe-based powders prepared by mechanical alloying

FeSiAlCr alloy powders were prepared by mechanical alloying, the milling time were 20 h, 40 h, 60 h and 80~h, respectively. Powders morphology was studied by SEM. Microstructure of powders milled for various times were analyzed by XRD. The complex permittivity and complex permeability of four powders were tested in the frequency range from 0.5 to 18 GHz, and their microwave absorption properties were analyzed. It was found that the particle size of powders milled for 80~h was less than 2μm. Silicon and aluminum atoms were dissolved into the crystal lattice of iron, and chromium atoms can form alloy with iron atoms. The minimum peak value of reflectivity can reach to -11.3 dB at the frequency of 4.3 GHz for 80 h milling powders, and the other one was -6 dB at 16.5 GHz.     

Synthesis and characteristics of W-Ni-Fe nano-composite powders prepared by mechanical alloying

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