玻璃原料质量对熔窑的影响

玻璃原料和配合料的质量不仅关系到玻璃产品的质量,而且影响熔窑的生产能力和熔窑的寿命。本文从原料种类、化学成分、粒度、水分、温度等配合料的各个方面叙述了它们对熔化、耐火材料侵蚀和玻璃质量的影响。     

配合料粒化工艺在平板中的应用研究

1引言 目前平板生产中都采用粉状配合料,这种将各种原料经过粉碎到一定粒度后而成的粉状松散料,在输送、贮存等过程中易产生分层和粉尘飞扬,刚人窑的配合料很容易被火焰吹起和带出熔窑,这样既改变配合料的组成,又会加速对大碹及蓄热室的侵蚀,     

浅谈配合料质量对玻璃熔窑的影响

配合料质量不仅关系到玻璃产品质量，而且影响熔窑的熔化能力及使用寿命。本论文从配合料的超细粉、杂质铁、水分及温度等各个方面叙述了它们对熔窑耐火材料的影响。     

利用熔窑烟气余热预热玻璃配合料研究

利用玻璃熔窑烟气进行配合料预热研究,提出将传统玻璃生产加工工艺对配合料直接人窑加热变为经烟气对配合料预热后进入熔窑的可能性,进而实现节能减排的玻璃熔制新工艺。     

浮法熔窑澄清问题的探讨

根据生产实践,探讨采用芒硝碳粉配合料的大型浮法熔窑的澄清问题,提出以燃料充分燃烧为基础、由配合料决定玻璃的氧化还原性的调整思路,并对采用不同燃料熔窑的澄清问题进行了探讨。     

玻璃工业节能与环保综合研究途径

近年来国外在玻璃熔制方面开展节能与环保的综合研究工作.本文综述了烟气的治理与利用、碎玻璃的利用与处理固体废物结合、改变配合料组分和利用粒化配合料,用纯氧或富氧助燃,研制新型熔窑,控制熔窑最佳燃烧等课题.     

玻璃配合料熔化速率实验室研究测定

玻璃生产中一般采用熔化率(即单位时间单位面积熔化部熔化玻璃液的量)来表示玻璃熔窑熔化配合料的能力,熔化率虽然与玻璃配合料的化学组成、原料组份及物理性质、配合料的物理状态等因素有一定关系,但熔窑结构及加热方式等结构因素对其影响甚大。故熔化率的高低不仅不能准确完全地反映玻璃配合料的熔化特性,更不能确切表示玻璃配合料的熔化速率。     

超白玻璃液对熔窑池壁砖的侵蚀特性

分析了超白玻璃液的流动特性,并就超白玻璃液对熔窑池壁砖的侵蚀特性,结合实例与普通玻璃进行了对比,指出超白玻璃液对熔窑池壁的侵蚀加剧。对超白玻璃熔窑耐火材料的选择提出建议,超白玻璃熔窑池壁耐火材料应具有玻璃相含量少、气孔率低和膨胀小的特点。     

制备配合料的新型混料机

熔制玻璃时,制备化学成分高度均匀和稳定的配合料是提高玻璃熔窑熔化率的潜力之一。 配料车间整个工艺流程的全自动化(自动称重线和混料机的自动循环)可保证得到化学成分高度均匀的配合料,从而提高玻璃熔窑的熔化率。 制备配合料的自动控制系统的运转应高度可靠,除了保证称重线工作的高度准确外,还需使整个工艺流程操作稳定。     

玻璃熔窑石墨棒防偏料技术

目前浮法玻璃熔窑的单产能力提高很快，迫切需要一种能防止配合料跑偏、提高玻璃质量、延长熔化部池壁砖的使用期限，减少热修，提高熔窑寿命的玻璃熔窑防偏料技术。本文论述了石墨棒防偏料的原理，介绍了蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院近期戈成功的玻璃熔窑防止偏料装置。     

火焰助熔电熔窑

电熔窑的火焰助熔是在近几年发展的新工艺。它克服了电熔窑易＂红顶＂的现象,用火焰调节配合料的氧化还原反应,减少配合料中氧气对钼电极的侵蚀,改善玻璃液熔化的热均匀性,提高玻璃液质量。     

光学玻璃对含锆耐火材料侵蚀机制研究

通过对光学玻璃电熔窑的实际观测,研究了光学玻璃对含锆耐火材料侵蚀作用。在熔窑的不同关键部位,选取有关耐火材料进行SEM测试,通过熔窑不同部位的耐火材料受高温玻璃液侵蚀的程度,分析了光学玻璃对锆耐火材料侵蚀机理与行为过程。结果表明:熔窑的熔化部耐火材料的受侵蚀程度较小,流液洞与供料道处耐火材料的受侵蚀程度最为严重,上升流道壁砖的竖缝处有严重的耐火材料侵蚀。AZS耐火材料在与高温玻璃液的接触中,形成了成分相互扩散→溶解→再扩散→再溶解的往复循环过程。     

改进马蹄焰玻璃窑炉加料口设计的体会

我厂总结加料实际运行情况,分析加料口对配合料熔化作业的影响,在仍采用一台(嘴宽为800mm)毯式推料加料机情况下,对24m~2的马蹄焰熔炉加料口结构进行了改进,取得了较好的效果。     

Mathematical Model of Hearth and Bottom Erosion in Blast Furnace

Furnace lining erosion is closely related to the operation stability and safety. The detection technology for hearth lining thickness of blast furnace was introduced.By using the data of thermocouples installed in the bottom of furnace hearth,a mathematical model of erosion was established; the real state of the hearth and bottom erosion was studied; the erosion condition was followed,serving for the furnace longevity.     

Conversion kinetics of container glass batch melting

Understanding the batch-to-glass conversion process is fundamental to optimizing the performance of glass-melting furnaces and ensuring that furnace modeling can correctly predict the observed outcome when batch materials or furnace conditions change. To investigate the kinetics of silica dissolution, gas evolution, and primary foam formation and collapse, we performed X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetry, feed expansion tests, and evolved gas analysis of batch samples heated at several constant heating rates. We found that gas evolving reactions, foaming, and silica dissolution depend on the thermal history of the batch in a similar manner: the kinetic parameters of each process were linear functions of the square root of the heating rate. This kinetic similarity reflects the stronger-than-expected interdependence of these processes. On the basis of our results, we suggest that changes in furnace operating conditions, such as firing or boosting, influence the melting rate less than what one would expect without consideration of batch conversion kinetics.     

乙烯裂解炉辐射段炉管损伤原因分析

裂解炉辐射段炉管是乙烯装置该装置的重要部件,主要对某80万t/a乙烯装置受损的辐射段炉管,通过宏观形貌、材质分析、硬度检测、电镜及能谱分析等方面进行排查分析,得出由于炉管高温长期服役,性能退化,在冲刷腐蚀下出现减薄及裂纹,并针对该情况提出相应的建议。     

The Effect of Flame Length on Hydrodynamics of Glass-Melting Tank in a Furnace with Horseshoe-Shaped Flame

It is demonstrated that the hydrodynamics of a melting tank of a contemporary highly efficient glass-melting furnace depends on a set of combined factors. Along with temperature distribution on the melt surface depending on exterior heat exchange, convection flows to a large extent depend on the tank design, the batch loading, and glass melt working conditions, as well as the working flow parameters determined by the specific output of the furnace. The combined analysis of the results of modeling external heat-exchange and the tank hydrodynamics suggest that the most advisable heating regime for the considered furnace design is when the total length of the flame is equal to the furnace length.     

Key Technologies for Energy Efficient Al(OH)_3 Dilute Phase Fluidized Bed Roasting Furnaces

Research on new types of castables, pre-cast assembly parts and thermal insulation materials with good resistance to wear, thermal shock and erosion, and low thermal conductivity, was done to solve problems of high system energy consumption, cracking and spalling of partial lining and mismatch of furnace top material and hanging material and so on, caused by unreasonable design of China's Al(OH)3 dilute phase fluidized bed roasting furnace lining. Several difficult problems such as the matching of different materials, preservation of expansion joints among different zones and reasonable mechanical distribution of lining were solved. "Integrated furnace" concept was established including refractories R D, lining structure design, construction optimization, furnace warming technology, initial operation and lining maintenance technology. The key technologies of high-efficiency and energy-saving for furnaces were developed. These achievements have been applied to China's Al(OH)3 dilute phase fluidized bed roasting furnaces to reduce energy consumption by 1 000 MJ per ton alumina, enhance the capacity and reduce the exhaust gas emission.     

热轧加热炉内步进梁及立柱耐火材料粘渣原因分析

分析了热轧加热炉内步进梁与立柱粘渣的原因,认为所用耐火材料荷重软化温度低、变形大是主要原因之一。从侵蚀结构分析看,氧化铝溶解进入炉衬的粘接渣相中,增加了渣的黏度,可能导致炉衬的严重挂渣,不利于生产的正常顺行。常规的加热炉耐火材料控制标准没有荷重软化温度等指标,不利于控制炉衬实物质量。     

池窑拉丝生产E玻纤的配合料质量和窑炉稳定的控制

论述和分析了配合料的质量和窑炉稳定的控制对池窑拉丝生产的重要性;分析了配合料成分的修正、粘度检测以及控NS／C比对玻璃液熔制的指导意义;分析了窑炉的关键控制点和如何进行控制,介绍了通过对配合料质量和窑炉稳定性的严格控制达到的实际效果。总结了要监控所有可能会影响平衡的因素,控制好配合料的质量和窑炉的稳定,最终稳定控制E玻璃纤维产品的品质。