超高压技术及其在提取植物天然活性成分中的应用进展

超高压或高静压加工技术是一种新兴的食品加工技术,是目前食品高新技术领域研究的热点之一。文中简单阐述了超高压技术的部分应用原理,综述了国内外近年来在超高压提取植物天然活性成分方面的研究,并且对超高压技术在提取植物天然活性成分方面的应用进行了初步展望。     

超高压技术在肉制品加工中的应用

超高压技术是近年来食品领域热点研究的高新技术之一,具有广泛的应用前景.本文综述了超高压技术的概念和特点,重点介绍了超高压技术在改善肉品品质,肉品杀菌和肉品的冻结与解冻三大方面的应用,并对超高压技术在肉品加工中的发展前景进行了展望.     

超高压技术在肉类加工中的应用研究

超高压术是一项具有广阔应用前景的食品加工新技术。本文主要从五个方面介绍超高压技术在肉类加工中的应用,同时提出目前我国超高压技术存在的问题并且对发展前景进行了展望。     

超高压杀菌技术研究进展

超高压杀菌技术作为一项新型食品加工技术能有效改善和提高食品加工品质。本文首先综述超高压杀菌技术的作用原理、影响杀菌效果的因素等方面研究成果,然后介绍了超高压杀菌技术在食品工业中的最新应用进展,最后展望超高压杀菌技术的应用前景。     

超高压技术在肉类杀菌及品质改善中的应用进展

超高压技术是一种新型的食品非热物理加工技术,在肉类杀菌和品质改善方面具有较高应用价值,是肉类食品领域的研究热点之一。由于存在一定局限性,超高压技术尚未在肉类工业中得到广泛应用。本文从超高压处理影响非共价键间的作用力、蛋白质结构、细胞结构以及细胞中水分的分布四个方面介绍其作用机理,并综述了目前超高压技术在改善肉类的嫩度、保水性、凝胶性、颜色、杀菌、冻藏品质等方面的研究及应用进展。在此基础上进行分析和展望,认为超高压技术在改善肉及肉制品嫩度、保水性、凝胶性等食用品质方面有望成为主要的研究和应用方向。为达到规模化生产的要求,未来在技术装备水平提升的基础上,应通过增强应用效果、提高应用效率、扩展应用范围等方式提升超高压技术在肉类工业中的应用水平和范围。     

超高压在冷藏肉类产品贮藏保鲜中的应用研究进展

超高压加工是一个物理过程,对食品中的维生素、色素和风味物质等小分子化合物无明显影响,从而可以较好地保持食品原有的营养。本文旨在探讨超高压技术在冷藏肉类产品贮藏保鲜中的应用现状及前景,分别对超高压在冷藏肉类产品的杀菌、抑酶、抗氧化以及其对冷藏肉类产品颜色、亮度和风味保持方面的应用进行阐述,分析存在的问题,为超高压技术在冷藏肉类产品贮藏保鲜方面的进一步研究提供参考。     

超高压技术在水产品贮藏与加工中的应用研究进展

超高压技术以其独特的优势,在改善水产品理化、微生物及感官品质方面显示出了巨大潜力。超高压具杀菌、灭酶、抑制腐败物质生成及保持质地等效果,可改善贮藏期间水产品的感官品质、延长货架期。水产品脱壳、凝胶化及快速冷冻/解冻是超高压杀菌技术的延伸,是今后超高压技术在水产品贮藏与加工应用中的主要研究领域及发展方向,如何减轻或利用超高压引起的色变、熟化及脂肪氧化现象是超高压技术在水产品贮藏与加工应用中亟待解决的问题。     

超高压技术在蛋白质食品加工中的应用

超高压技术是目前国际上最热门的食品加工技术之一,超高压处理在食品蛋白加工中可通过改变蛋白的结构,从而改变溶解性、凝胶性、乳化性、起泡性等诸多加工特性;还可以改变蛋白质的酶解特性从而产生多种活性肽。文中对超高压技术在蛋白质改性方面的研究进行了综述,并对超高压技术在改性蛋白的应用前景进行了讨论。     

超高压对乳酪品质的影响及研究进展

超高压作为一种新型冷杀菌技术,可以避免热处理给食品带来的损失,同时对食品品质、感官特性等方面有一定的改善作用,在食品行业中有广阔的应用前景。文章综述了国内外就超高压技术在乳酪加工中的应用,为超高压技术在乳制品行业的应用提供理论依据。     

超高压对牛乳清蛋白水解影响的研究进展

主要综述了国内外关于超高压处理对牛乳清蛋白水解及其产物功能特性影响的研究进展,并展望了超高压处理在酶法制备乳清蛋白生物活性肽方面的应用前景。     

Relation of the lipid level of the blood plasma to the nature of the nutrition of the population

The incidence of disorders in the lipid and lipoprotein metabolism and the character of nutrition were studied in a non-organized population of males aged 20-59 (n-2888). Strictly standardized methods applicable in epidemiologic investigations were used. A reliable relationship has been revealed between the excessive consumption of fats, saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, saccharose, the insufficient content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, starch, ascorbic acid, retinol, and magnesium in the diets and the incidence of disorders in the lipid metabolism.     

也谈胶辊胶圈的应用

介绍了棉纺工程用胶辊、胶圈的分类、技术要求、应用及发展方向,重点讨论了条卷工序、精梳工序、并条工序、粗纱工序及细纱工序中胶辊、胶圈对其半制品质量的影响,通过不同品种试纺对比分析了如何选用产品的原则;指出应系统进行胶辊、胶圈应用技术研究,稳定并提高其使用一致性,同时保证相关牵伸部件的一致性,从而提高器材工作效率,合理进行成本管理;牵伸胶辊、胶圈应适应现代纺纱技术重定量、高速度、大卷装的发展趋势,提高其耐磨性、耐高温性能,优化其弹性和硬度。     

挖掘国酒潜力打造文化品牌——国酒之乡旅游业发展刍议

酒文化是黔北地城文化丰厚底蕴的重要组成部分,更是黔北地区发展旅游的吸引力因素,随着贵州旅游业的超常规发展,文化旅游资源的开发已成为业内高度重视的理论问题和实践问题,充分挖掘黔北酒文化在旅游业发展的潜力,打造好国酒之乡、“中国酒都”等品牌形象,无论对于仁怀市旅游业乃至贵州旅游业,还是提升国酒企业文化品位、扩大经济效益等都具有其重要意义。     

Species‐specific differences in the fatty acid profiles of the lipids of the yolk and of the liver of the chick

Differences between four avian species of commercial importance (chicken, turkey, duck and goose), in terms of the relationship between the dietary fatty acids supplied in the diet of the layers and the fatty acid composition of the egg yolk lipids, were investigated. Laying hens of the four species were provided with diets with very similar fatty acid compositions. The polyunsaturated fatty acid content of the diets consisted of linoleic and α‐linolenic acids at approximately 50% and 6% (w/w of total fatty acids), respectively, for all four species. In spite of the very similar dietary provision of fatty acids, the subsequent fatty acid profiles of the yolk lipids differed markedly between the four species. In particular, the proportion of docosahexaenoic acid in the total lipid of the yolk was three to five times greater for the chicken compared to the other three species. By contrast, the proportion of arachidonic acid in total yolk lipid was approximately two times greater for the goose and duck than for the chicken and turkey. Thus the chicken was more efficient at incorporating long‐chain (C₂₂ ) fatty acid of the n‐3 series into yolk lipid whereas the duck and goose preferentially incorporated C₂₀ fatty acid of the n‐6 series. The turkey eggs contained a similar proportion of arachidonic acid but less docosahexaenoic acid than the chicken eggs. The main differences between the avian species in terms of the yolk levels of C_{20 –22} polyunsaturated fatty acids were in the phospholipid fraction since only low levels of these fatty acids were present in the triacylglycerol fraction. The relative proportions of docosahexaenoic acid in the phospholipid and triacylglycerol fractions of the livers of the newly‐hatched chicks of the four species reflected the differences displayed by the yolks. The proportions of arachidonic acid in these liver lipid fractions, however, did not reflect the species differences in yolk lipid composition. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

家具展示设计的研究

家具展示设施是联系家具产品与展示场地的中介,其完备程度直接影响到家具展示的效果,本文探讨了家具展示空间设计入口、界面、交通、宣传等四个部分。     

梳棉机气流原理分析与实例剖析

利用气流原理,分析了梳棉机气流情况、梳棉机气流不正常的表象以及气流控制的原则、方法和手段,针对梳棉工序几种典型的气流故障进行分析,并提出了解决问题的主要方法与措施。指出：梳棉机的气流控制至关重要,要领会原理,认真观察与摸索。     

免疫接种次数对免疫乳中特异性抗体效价的影响

研究了免疫接种次数对免疫乳中特异性抗体效价的影响。以9株人肠道病原菌制备的混合抗原对孕牛进行系统免疫,其中对照组免疫接种4次,实验组免疫接种6次,分娩后收集乳样,检测其中特异性抗体的效价。结果表明,实验组和对照组初乳中抗体效价无统计学意义,均达到210～212;而常乳中特异性抗体效价有统计学意义:对照组效价平均为25～26,实验组效价平均为26～27,并且随着时间的推移差异越来越显著。结论:选择好免疫接种的间隔时间,并进行多次接种,能使免疫乳中特异性抗体效价在长时间内保持较高水平。     

Characterization of the microflora of the human axilla

It is widely accepted that axillary malodour is attributable to the microbial biotransformation of odourless, natural secretions into volatile odorous products. Consequently, there is a need to understand the microbial ecology of the axilla in order that deodorant products, which control microbial action in this region, can be developed in the appropriate manner. A detailed characterization of the axillary microflora of a group of human volunteers has been performed. The axillary microflora is composed of four principal groups of bacteria (staphylococci, aerobic coryneforms, micrococci and propionibacteria), and the yeast genus Malassezia. Results indicated that the axillary microflora was dominated by either staphylococcal or aerobic coryneform species. Comparisons between axillary bacterial numbers and levels of axillary odour demonstrated the greatest association between odour levels and the presence of aerobic coryneforms in the under-arm. As the taxonomy of cutaneous aerobic coryneforms is poorly understood, a further study was conducted to characterize selected axillary aerobic coryneform isolates. Using the molecular technique of 16S rDNA sequencing, selected genomic sequences of a number of axillary aerobic coryneform isolates were obtained. Comparisons with sequence databases indicated the likely presence of a range of Corynebacterium species on axillary skin, although the majority of isolates were most similar to either Corynebacterium G-2 CDC G5840 or C. mucifaciens DMMZ 2278. Although for a panel of individuals differences in the carriage of Corynebacterium species were noted, similar species were carried by a number of panellists. All isolates examined in this limited evaluation failed to demonstrate the capability to metabolize long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) to shorter chain, more volatile products. The application of this modern molecular phylogenetic technique has increased understanding of the diversity of aerobic coryneform carriage in the axilla, and on human skin. The application of this technique in other studies to assess the ethnic differences in cutaneous bacterial ecology, or the effects on the microflora of specific product use, will assist in the future development of novel deodorant systems.     

表面活性剂对过碳酸钠稳定性的影响

利用表面活性剂所具有的亲水亲油特性 ,使过碳酸钠固体颗粒的表面改性 ,以降低其吸水性 ,提高过碳酸钠的稳定性 .以表面活性剂E为基础 ,与WX ,有机酸盐A ,NaSiO3,MgSO4 联合使用作为稳定剂的组分 ,可制备出高稳定性的过碳酸钠 ,使其在高温高湿条件下的稳定性显著提高 ,且所得过碳酸钠的漂白性能较传统漂白助剂在低温上的漂白性能有很大提高 ,可作为漂白助剂用于洗涤剂中     

代谢指纹技术在曲药分析中的应用

在传统白酒酿造过程中，曲药的作用至关重要，但曲药分析检测手段的不完善一直是制约传统白酒生产进一步发展的一个重要原因，我厂在研究中发现，新兴的代谢指纹技术不仅可以对曲药性质进行准确的刻画，而且可以具体分析出某种制曲因素（如制曲环境，制曲工艺，制曲原料等）对某类微生物群系在曲药中消长的影响，故代谢指纹技术不失为应用于更多地了解曲药性质，进行菌药检测，曲药研究，工艺控制及改革等的一种新的有效手段。