油樟叶化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究

采用硅胶、聚酰胺柱层析及重结晶等方法对油樟叶进行提取分离纯化,并结合MS和NMR等波谱技术对其进行测定。结果表明:从油樟叶中分离鉴定得到6个化合物,包括2个为倍半萜类化合物,2个为糖苷类化合物,1个为二氢黄酮醇类及1个为甾醇体类化合物,分别为ar-turmerone(Ⅰ),3S-(+)-9-氧代橙花叔醇(Ⅱ),槲皮素-3-Ο-B-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ),二氢山萘酚(Ⅳ),桷皮素-3-Ο-α-L-鼠李糖苷(Ⅴ),胡萝卜苷(Ⅵ),其中化合物(Ⅰ)、(Ⅳ)和(Ⅵ)均为首次从该植物叶中获得。通过对所分离到的化合物进行抗氧活性研究,发现化合物(Ⅲ)清除DPPH自由基能力比其它五种化合物更强。     

一种头孢地尼合成的改进

以S-硫代苯骈噻唑-(Z)-2-(2-氨基噻唑-4基)-乙酰氧基亚胺乙酸酯(地尼侧链活性酯)和7-氨基-3-乙烯基-8-氧代-5-硫杂-1-氮杂双环[4.2.0]辛-2-烯-2-羧酸(7-AVNA)为原料,氢氧化钠作缩合剂,经碳酸铵和碳酸钾脱去乙酰基保护基,合成了头孢地尼。收率达85.2%(n/n)。     

新型含吡啶环双酰胺衍生物的合成及生物活性

以吡啶羧酸和取代邻氨基苯甲酸为起始原料,设计并合成12个双杂环双酰胺类化合物,其结构经1HNMR、13CNMR、IR及元素分析确证。初步生物活性测试结果表明,在200、500μg/mL浓度下部分化合物对青枯病病原菌(Pseudomonas solanacearum)进行活性测试,结果表明所合成的化合物对青枯病病原菌有一定抑菌活性,其中N-(2-(6-乙氧基苯并噻唑-2-氨基甲酰基)-4-甲基苯基)-3-吡啶甲酰胺在500μg/mL浓度下对青枯病病原菌的抑菌活性为60%。     

头孢托罗活性硫酯的合成工艺研究

优化了头孢托罗活性硫酯-(Z)-2-(5-氨基-1,2,4-噻二唑-3-基)-2-三苯甲氧亚胺基硫代乙酸(S-2-苯并噻唑)酯(2)的合成工艺。以3-氨基-5-乙酰胺基异噁唑(3)为原料,与特戊酰基异硫氰酸酯经重排反应,制得N-乙酰基-2-(5-特戊酰胺基-1,2,4-噻二唑-3-基)乙酰胺(5),收率为72%;采用亚硝酸异丙酯对中间体5进行肟化、然后与三苯基氯甲烷进行醚化制得(Z)-N-乙酰基-2-(5-特戊酰胺基-1,2,4-噻二唑-3-基)-2-三苯甲氧亚胺基乙酰胺(7a),收率为78%;7a经碱性水解,制得(Z)-2-(5-氨基-1,2,4-噻二唑-3-基)-2-三苯甲氧亚胺基乙酸(8),收率为65%;,在乙腈与甲苯的混合溶剂中,8与亚磷酸三乙酯、二苯并噻唑二硫醚混合反应,制得活性硫酯2,路线的总收率达24%。该合成工艺具有反应条件温和,操作简便,易于分离等优点,因而有较好的工业化应用前景。     

1-(5-甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑基)-3-苯基硫脲的合成及抑菌实验研究

以四丁基溴化铵为催化剂、5-甲基-2-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑和苯异硫氰酸酯为原料,在乙腈溶剂中合成了1-(5-甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑基)-3-苯基硫脲,确定了优化的工艺条件,并对产物的抑菌活性进行了初步研究.     

羊蹄甲茎皮提取物抑菌活性及化学成分研究

[目的]研究羊蹄甲茎皮抑菌活性成分,为其在植物源农药方面的应用提供理论依据。[方法]采用菌丝生长速度法测定抑菌活性,采用常规柱层析及制备型高效液相色谱法等手段分离活性成分。[结果]羊蹄甲茎皮乙酸乙酯部抑菌效果最佳。从该部位中分离得到6个单体化合物,其中化合物2~5为首次从羊蹄甲中分离得到。在20 mg/L下,地芰普内酯(3)、7S,8R,8R'-(-)5-methoxylariciresinol 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4)及槲皮素(6)对6种供试真菌的抑制率在32.08%~62.53%之间。生物显微镜观察结果显示:与对照组相比,处理组菌丝出现局部膨胀、排列杂乱无序、断裂等现象。[结论]羊蹄甲茎皮乙酸乙酯具有较好抑菌活性,所分离的化合物3、4和6为羊蹄甲中主要抑菌活性成分。     

2-烷氧基-3-芳基-5-甲基-6-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮衍生物的合成及其抑菌活性

以自制2-氨基-4-甲基-5-(1 H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-噻吩-3-甲酸乙酯、三苯基膦、芳基异氰酸酯、伯醇为原料,合成了6种新型的2-烷氧基-3-芳基-5-甲基-6-(1 H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3 H)-酮衍生物,其结构经~1 HNMR、MS和元素分析表征,并用6种常见农作物病菌对目标化合物的抑菌活性进行了测试。结果表明,在用药浓度为5×10~(-5)g·L~(-1)时,目标化合物均表现出一定的抑菌活性,其中以2-甲氧基-3-对氯苯基-5-甲基-6-(1 H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3 H)-酮的活性最高,对小麦赤霉病菌的抑菌率达到75%。     

三桠苦中几个黄酮苷及构象异构现象研究

目的:研究三桠苦Melicopepteleifolia的化学成分。方法:三桠苦用80%乙醇渗漉提取,提取物用色谱技术分离,采用波谱技术(ESI-MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR等)和化学方法进行结构鉴定。结果:从三桠苦乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯部位分离出4个化合物,分别鉴定为山奈酚-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯吡喃糖苷(1)、山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷(2)、异鼠李素-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯吡喃糖苷(3)和山奈酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷(4)。结论:所有化合物均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。黄酮苷的构象异构引起核磁共振碳谱信号裂分。     

放射性^99mTc标记的NMDA受体配基N2S2-Memantine的合成

以美金刚胺为原料,先与氯乙酰氯反应,再与二硫二氮缩合,最后与醋酸汞硫化氢反应脱巯基保护基得到标记前体N-[2-(N-(2-巯基乙基))氨基甲酰甲基J-N-(2-巯基乙基)-3,5-二甲基金刚烷胺基乙酰胺.关键化合物N-[2-((2-(S-(4-甲氧基苄基)巯基)乙基)氨基)乙酰基]-S-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2-氨基乙硫醇和N-[2-(S-(4-甲氧基苄基)硫基)乙基]-N-[N-(2-(S-(4-甲氧基苄基)硫基)乙基)氨基)甲酰甲基]-3,5-二甲基金刚烷胺基乙酰胺得到核磁和质谱表征,总收率为32%.     

1-(5-乙基-1,3,4-噻二唑基)-3-苯基硫脲的合成及生物活性

研究了 1 - ( 5 -乙基 - 1 ,3,4-噻二唑基 ) - 3-苯基硫脲的合成及抗菌活性。以 5 -乙基 - 2 -氨基 - 1 ,3,4-噻二唑和异硫氰酸苯酯为原料 ,在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵催化下 ,合成 1 - ( 5 -乙基 - 1 ,3,4-噻二唑基 ) - 3-苯基硫脲 ,找到了较好的合成工艺条件 ,结果表明 :5 -乙基 - 2 -氨基 - 1 ,3,4-噻二唑和异硫氰酸苯酯的摩尔比为 1∶ 1 .8,乙腈为溶剂 ,水浴加热回流 4.0 h,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为 2 g,1 - ( 5 -乙基 - 1 ,3,4-噻二唑基 ) - 3-苯基硫脲的产率为 5 9.76%。同时发现 1 - ( 5 -乙基 - 1 ,3,4-噻二唑基 ) - 3-苯基硫脲有较强的抗菌活性     

Diversity and biosynthetic potential of culturable actinomycetes associated with marine sponges in the china seas

The diversity and secondary metabolite potential of culturable actinomycetes associated with eight different marine sponges collected from the South China Sea and the Yellow sea were investigated. A total of 327 strains were isolated and 108 representative isolates were selected for phylogenetic analysis. Ten families and 13 genera of Actinomycetales were detected, among which five genera represent first records isolated from marine sponges. Oligotrophic medium M5 (water agar) proved to be efficient for selective isolation, and "Micromonospora-Streptomyces" was proposed as the major distribution group of sponge-associated actinomycetes from the China Seas. Ten isolates are likely to represent novel species. Sponge Hymeniacidon perleve was found to contain the highest genus diversity (seven genera) of actinomycetes. Housekeeping gene phylogenetic analyses of the isolates indicated one ubiquitous Micromonospora species, one unique Streptomyces species and one unique Verrucosispora phylogroup. Of the isolates, 27.5% displayed antimicrobial activity, and 91% contained polyketide synthase and/or nonribosomal peptide synthetase genes, indicating that these isolates had a high potential to produce secondary metabolites. The isolates from sponge Axinella sp. contained the highest presence of both antimicrobial activity and NRPS genes, while those from isolation medium DNBA showed the highest presence of antimicrobial activity and PKS I genes.     

植物病原菌拮抗放线菌的分离筛选与鉴定

从杭州地区采集的11份土样中共分离到99株放线菌.筛选出9株对产核黄素的无名假丝酵母Candida famata有拮抗作用.采用平板对峙法复筛到1株对供试的多种植物病原菌抑制效果较强的菌株W04,该菌株对西瓜枯萎病原菌的抑菌率达到79.1%;生长速率法测得其发酵滤液对西瓜枯萎病原菌的抑制率为82.6%.根据形态特征、生理生化特性及16S rDNA序列分析,鉴定该菌株为淡紫灰链霉菌Streptomyces lavendulae Waksman ＆ Curtis.     

Antifeedant and Phytotoxic Activity of the Sesquiterpene <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-Benzoquinone Perezone and Some of its Derivatives

The sesquiterpene p-benzoquinone perezone (1), isolated from Perezia adnata var. alamani (Asteraceae), and its non-natural derivatives isoperezone (2), dihydroperezone (3), dihydroisoperezone (4), and anilidoperezone (5) were tested as antifeedants against the herbivorous insects Spodoptera littoralis, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, and Myzus persicae. Compounds 1-5 exhibited strong antifeedant activity against L. decemlineata and M. persicae, and elicited a low response by S. littoralis. Antifeedant activity on L. decemlineata and M. persicae increased when the hydroxyl group at C-3 in perezone (1) was changed to C-6 to give isoperezone (2). The same effect was found with hydrogenation of the double bond of the alkyl chain of (1) to yield dihydroperezone (3). In contrast, hydrogenation of this double bond in isoperezone (2) to give dihydroisoperezone (4) led to a reduction in antifeedant activity. Determination of the phytotoxic activity of 1-5 revealed that 3 had a significant inhibition effect on Lactuca sativa radicle length growth.     

2-氰基丙烯酸酯类新化合物杀菌活性筛选研究

继2-氰基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂氰烯菌酯(JS399-19)研发后,又发现该类化合物对小麦白粉病、小麦纹枯病具有高活性。新化合物JS399E12对小麦白粉病EC50值为1.3397mg/L,新化合物JS399F05在50mg/L的剂量下对小麦纹枯病的防效达90%以上。实验室条件下,JS399-19对小麦赤霉病高效,但对小麦白粉病和小麦纹枯病无效。本研究为该类化合物的研发提供了参考。     

A Novel Antifungal Furanone from Pseudomonas aureofaciens, a Biocontrol Agent of Fungal Plant Pathogens

Pseudomonas aureofaciens (= P. chlororaphis) strain 63-28 is a biocontrol agent active against many soil-borne fungal plant pathogens and shows antifungal activity in culture assays. 3-(1-Hexenyl)-5-methyl-2-(5H)furanone was isolated from culture filtrates of this bacterium. The purified furanone showed antifungal activity against Pythium ultimum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Thielaviopsis basicola. The ED₅₀S for spore germination of these fungi were 45, 54, 56, and 25 g/ml, respectively. The compound also inhibited the germ tube growth of Rhizoctonia solani growing from microsclerotia, with an ED₅₀ of 61 g/ml. The compound is the reduced form of furanones previously described from this bacterium: 3-(1-hexenyl)-5-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-(5H)-furanone and 3-(1-hexenyl)-5-hydroxymethyl-2-(5H)-furanone. This volatile antifungal furanone has structural similarity to other antifungal furanones produced by actinomycetes (Streptomyces spp.), fungi (Trichoderma harzianum), and higher plants (Pulsatilla and Ranuculus spp.). This is the first report of 3-(1-hexenyl)-5-methyl-2-(5H)-furanone produced by a bacterium.     

Antifungal Activity and Biosynthetic Potential of New Streptomyces sp. MW-W600-10 Strain Isolated from Coal Mine Water

Crop infections by fungi lead to severe losses in food production and pose risks for human health. The increasing resistance of pathogens to fungicides has led to the higher usage of these chemicals, which burdens the environment and highlights the need to find novel natural biocontrol agents. Members of the genus Streptomyces are known to produce a plethora of bioactive compounds. Recently, researchers have turned to extreme and previously unexplored niches in the search for new strains with antimicrobial activities. One such niche are underground coal mine environments. We isolated the new Streptomyces sp. MW-W600-10 strain from coal mine water samples collected at 665 m below ground level. We examined the antifungal activity of the strain against plant pathogens Fusarium culmorum DSM62188 and Nigrospora oryzae roseF7. Furthermore, we analyzed the strain’s biosynthetic potential with the antiSMASH tool. The strain showed inhibitory activity against both fungi strains. Genome mining revealed that it has 39 BGCs, among which 13 did not show similarity to those in databases. Additionally, we examined the activity of the Streptomyces sp. S-2 strain isolated from black soot against F. culmorum DSM62188. These results show that coal-related strains could be a source of novel bioactive compounds. Future studies will elucidate their full biotechnological potential.     

多粘类芽孢杆菌极端嗜热多肽的纯化及性质研究

用加热法从多粘类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus polymyxa)LM–3菌株的发酵液中纯化得到2个极端嗜热多肽。平板拮抗实验表明,5μL纯化多肽对稻瘟病菌(Magnaporthe grisea)抑菌率达89.6%。SDS–PAGE电泳显示纯化多肽分子量介于6000～7000u之间。多肽复性后,其中之一对稻瘟病菌表现出强的拮抗活性,命名为APPLM3(Antagonism Polypeptide from Paenibacillus polymyxa LM–3);另一个则无此活性,命名为PPLM3(Polypeptide from Paenibacillus polymyxaLM–3)。APPLM3经氨基酸测序,获得了其N–末端5个氨基酸序列(H2N–ANDPR);以该序列为靶序列在NCBI上进行相似性检索,发现其可能与3个假设蛋白(或推导蛋白)相关。APPLM3为首次报道的兼具极端嗜热性和稻瘟病菌拮抗活性的小分子多肽。     

Synthesis and Anti-Cancer Activity of New Pyrazolinyl-Indole Derivatives: Pharmacophoric Interactions and Docking Studies for Identifying New EGFR Inhibitors

Newly designed series of indole-containing pyrazole analogs, pyrazolinylindoles, were synthesized, and their structures were confirmed based on the spectral data of the ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and HR-MS analyses. Preliminary anti-cancer activity testings were carried out by the National Cancer Institute, United States of America (NCI, USA). Compounds HD02, HD05, and HD12 demonstrated remarkable cytotoxic activities against nine categories of cancer types based cell line panels which included leukemia, colon, breast, melanoma, lungs, renal, prostate, CNS, and ovarian cancer cell lines. The highest cytotoxic effects were exhibited by the compounds HD02 [1-(5-(1-H-indol-3-yl)-3-(p-tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-phenylethanone], HD05 [1-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(1H-indol-3-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-phenoxyethanone], and HD12 [(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(1H-indol-3-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)(pyridin-4-yl)methanone] against some of the 56 types of NCI-based cell lines in different panels. Compound HD05 showed the maximum range of cancer cell growth inhibitions against all categories of the cell lines in all nine panels. On average, in comparison to the referral standard, imatinib, at a dose level of 10 µM, the HD05 showed significant activity against leukemia in the range of 78.76%, as compared to the imatinib at 9% of cancer cells’ growth inhibitions. Molecular docking simulation studies were performed in silico on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase, in order to validate the activity.     

Gas phase ethylene polymerization over SiO2-supported organosilyl chromate UCC S-2 catalyst using a high-speed stirred-autoclave reactor

Although an important industrial catalyst for producing high density polyethylene, the SiO₂-supported organosilyl chromate UCC S-2 catalyst has not been fully investigated compared with the SiO₂-supported oxo chromium Phillips catalyst. In this work, gas phase ethylene polymerization by S-2 catalysts (Cat-1, Cat-2, and Cat-3) was carried out in a high-speed stirred-autoclave reactor. The effects of temperature, time, and pressure on kinetics, activity, and product properties were studied. All kinetics were typical built-up types with slow decay. Compared to the simple physical mixtures of Cat-1 and Cat-2, Cat-3 showed higher activity and its product had a broader molecular weight distribution, indicating new active species induced during blending of Cat-1 and Cat-2 in n-hexane. The innovation by a simple catalyst technology created a new application to meet market demands.