降糖类中成药中非法添加化学成分的测定

通过超声-微波协同萃取仪预处理样品,建立了降糖类中成药中非法添加的盐酸二甲双胍、格列苯脲、格列吡嗪3种化学物质同时分离测定的高效液相色谱方法。采用ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱,以V(0.1 mol/L磷酸二氢钠缓冲液)∶V(甲醇)为30∶70作流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为233 nm,柱温为30℃,进样量为20μL。该方法快速、灵敏度高、重现性好,适用于大批量样品的快速鉴别。     

快速分离柱高效液相色谱法测定环境水样中多菌灵和噻菌灵的研究

研究并建立了用固相微萃取-快速分离柱高效液相色谱法测定环境水样中的多菌灵和噻菌灵的方法。样品中的多菌灵和噻菌灵用W aters Sep-pak C18反相固相萃取小柱预分离和富集,然后以ZORBAX Stab leBound(4.6 mm×50 mm,1.8μm)C18快速分离柱为固定相,甲醇-水(V(甲醇)/V(水)=1∶1)为流动相进行分离,流速为2.0 mL/m in;用二极管矩阵检测器检测,检测波长为286 nm,样品中的多菌灵和噻菌灵在2.0 m in内可达到基线分离。方法标准回收率为93%~104%,RSD为2.1%~3.2%。用新方法测定了环境水样中的多菌灵和噻菌灵,结果令人满意。     

高效液相色谱法测定水基金属加工液中的壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚

本文建立了反相高效液相色谱-荧光检测方法分析水基金属加工液中壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的方法。高效液相色谱采用ZORBAX Eclipse XDBC-18色谱柱,甲醇-水-乙腈(75+20+5,体积比)为流动相,荧光检测器激发波长为230 nm,发射波长为296 nm,水基金属加工液样品经甲醇超声萃取处理后进入色谱分析。结果表明,壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚在5~200 mg/L浓度范围内呈良好线性,线性相关系数为0.9997,水基金属加工液样品加标回收率为95.6%~108.6%,相对标准偏差小于3.00%,壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚检测限可达0.58 mg/L。该方法适合用于水基金属加工液中的壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的定量分析。     

除草剂36% 2,4-滴+12%麦草畏水剂高效液相色谱分析

[目的]建立高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测36%2,4-滴+12%麦草畏水剂的分析方法。[方法]采用乙腈溶解样品,以乙腈-水为流动相,波长在280 nm处,对2,4-滴+麦草畏进行分离和定量分析。[结果]2,4-滴在0.3~1.5 g/L、麦草畏在0.1~0.5 g/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均在0.9999以上,在0.05~0.2 g/L添加质量浓度范围内,回收率为99.2%~100.5%,相对标准偏差为0.12%~0.33%。[结论]方法简单,快速,定量准确,精密度和准确度较好,可实现高效液相色谱对2,4-滴与麦草畏的分离和检测。     

种衣剂中噻菌灵、粉唑醇和抑霉唑的RP-HPLC法快速分析

[目的]提出反相高效液相色谱法快速分析种衣剂中噻菌灵、粉唑醇和抑霉唑含量的方法。[方法]选用美国Angilent 1260高效液相色谱仪(配备瑞典Kromasil 100-5-C18不锈钢色谱柱),以反相高效液相色谱法测定种衣剂中噻菌灵、粉唑醇和抑霉唑含量,流动相:甲醇-水溶液,梯度洗脱;流速1.0 mL/min;柱温35℃;210 nm的检测波长;进样体积20滋L。[结果]在2.5~500 mg/L的范围内噻菌灵、粉唑醇和抑霉唑线性关系良好,平均回收率为101.17%、100.28%和101.21%,噻菌灵的RSD为0.0097%,粉唑醇的RSD为0.0230%,抑霉唑的RSD为0.0167%。[结论]该方法能准确、快速测定种衣剂中噻菌灵、粉唑醇和抑霉唑的含量。     

高效液相色谱-荧光法测定一次性纸杯中的双酚A

建立了食品塑料材料中双酚A的高效液相色谱检测方法。样品剪碎经甲醇-四氢呋喃(70:30)混合溶液超声提取后,以甲醇-0.02 mol/L乙酸铵水溶液为流动相,采用梯度洗脱,荧光检测器进行检测,激发波长为225 nm,发射波长为305 nm。双酚A在0.5~50.0 mg/L线性范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9998。在添加水平为2.0、5.0、10.0 mg/kg的条件下,平均回收率为84.0%~95.6%,相对标准偏差为3.10%~5.20%,检出限为0.05 mg/L,定量限为0.2 mg/L。该方法具有操作简便、重现性好、回收率高、灵敏度高、分离效果好等优点,能够满足科学研究和分析的要求。     

高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中烟酰胺的含量

建立了一种测定化妆品中烟酰胺的高效液相色谱方法。试验以质量分数0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇(体积比95∶5)为流动相,用C18色谱柱分离,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长260nm,检测化妆品中的烟酰胺。结果显示烟酰胺线性范围为0.5~20mg/L,化妆品中定性检出限为0.50mg/kg,平均回收率为91.3%~109.4%。此方法样品处理简单,分析准确可靠,适用于对各类化妆水和护肤霜中烟酰胺的检测。同时对于阳性样品,建立了液相色谱-串联质谱的确证方法。     

高效液相色谱-荧光法测定一次性纸杯和餐盒中3种荧光增白剂的含量

建立测定一次性纸杯和餐盒中荧光增白剂含量的高效液相色谱-荧光方法。采用Inertsil ODS-3(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为分析柱,以5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液和乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.5 m L/min,荧光激发波长为350 nm,发射波长为430 nm。结果表明,所选用的3种荧光增白剂(B2729、220、B2730)可以较好地被分离,回收率为77.4%⁹4.6%,相对标准偏差<10%且线性关系良好。该法简便快捷、结果准确、灵敏度高,能够满足对一次性纸杯和餐盒中荧光增白剂含量的检测。     

高效液相色谱-荧光法测定一次性纸杯和餐盒中3种荧光增白剂的含量

建立测定一次性纸杯和餐盒中荧光增白剂含量的高效液相色谱-荧光方法。采用Inertsil ODS-3(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为分析柱,以5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液和乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.5 m L/min,荧光激发波长为350 nm,发射波长为430 nm。结果表明,所选用的3种荧光增白剂(B2729、220、B2730)可以较好地被分离,回收率为77.4%~94.6%,相对标准偏差10%且线性关系良好。该法简便快捷、结果准确、灵敏度高,能够满足对一次性纸杯和餐盒中荧光增白剂含量的检测。     

丙氨酰谷氨酰胺注射液四肽降解杂质的测定

目的:采用高效液相色谱法分离测定丙氨酰谷氨酰胺注射液四肽类降解杂质。方法:色谱柱为氨基键合硅胶柱,流动相为0.1 mol/L甲酸溶液(用氨水调p H至3.5)-乙腈(32∶68),检测波长为215 nm,流速为0.8 m L/min,柱温为35℃。结果:注射液样品中丙氨酰谷氨酰胺及各类降解杂质分离良好,各杂质检测限完全满足检测要求。结论:该方法专属性强,准确可靠,适用于本品四肽类降解杂质的测定。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。