聚苯乙烯互穿聚合物网络研究进展

综述了聚苯乙烯互穿聚合物网络的研究进展,阐述了分步互穿聚合物网络、同步互穿聚合物网络、半互穿聚合物网络和胶乳互穿聚合物网络的制备方法,介绍了组成和制备方法对PS互穿聚合物网络的相态结构和互穿聚合物网络相容性的影响。阐述了PS互穿聚合物网络的组成和结构对于力学性能、热力学性能、流变性能、气体透过率和吸附性的影响,最后综述PS互穿聚合物网络存在的问题及发展趋势。     

聚丙烯酸酯胶乳互穿聚合物网络/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能

通过就地乳液聚合方法合成了聚丙烯酸酯胶乳互穿聚合物网络／蒙脱土纳米复合材料。与纯聚丙烯酸酯胶乳互穿聚合物网络相比,该材料的阻尼性能有较大幅度的提高,蒙脱土的加入提高了互穿聚合物网络中软、硬相的相容性或互穿程度,因此起到了既增强又增韧的效果。     

二氧化双环戊二烯环氧树脂/聚氨酯互穿聚合物网络的制备与性能研究

制备了新型二氧化双环戊二烯环氧树脂(DCPDE)/聚氨酯(PU)互穿聚合物网络(DCPDE/PU IPNs).采用红外光谱法对互穿聚合物网络的结构进行了表征.对不同固化体系的热稳定性、力学性能和涂膜的微观形貌进行了研究.研究结果表明:互穿聚合物网络的形成,提高了二氧化双环戊二烯环氧树脂的弯曲强度、附着力和耐冲击性.固化剂的加入改进了聚氨酯/环氧树脂互穿网络的耐热性能.增韧改性后的环氧树脂比改性之前的环氧树脂呈现明显的两相结构.     

二氧化双环戊二烯环氧树脂/聚氨酯互穿聚合物网络的制备及其性能

以N-对羧基苯基马来酰亚胺(CPMI)和乙二醇单双环戊二烯基醚(EMDCPE)为单体合成了新型共聚物(CPMI-co-EMDCPE),将其作为二氧化双环戊二烯环氧树脂(DCPDE)/聚氨酯(PU)互穿聚合物网络(IPNs)体系的固化剂,以期改善互穿聚合物网络之间的相容性和热性能.采用红外光谱法对固化剂及互穿聚合物网络的结构进行表征.对不同固化体系涂膜的热稳定性、力学性能和微观形貌进行了研究.研究表明,互穿聚合物网络的形成,提高了二氧化双环戊二烯环氧树脂的弯曲强度、附着力和抗冲击强度.新型固化剂的加入普遍提高了二氧化双环戊二烯环氧树脂/聚氨酯互穿聚合物网络的耐热性能,增韧改性后的环氧树脂呈现明显的两相结构.     

环氧树脂/三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯互穿网络聚合物的微观结构和电性能研究

采用新型脂环族环氧树脂（CER）、甲基六氢邻苯二甲酸酐（MeHHPA）和三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯（TMPTMA）作为基体树脂制备了一种崭新的互穿网络聚合物。由于TMPTMA的自由基聚合反应先于CER和MeHHPA的阳离子聚合反应,得到了一种分步互穿网络聚合物,最终分步互穿网络聚合物没有出现明显微观相分离现象。着重考察了TMPTMA含量对互穿网络聚合物电性能的影响。结果表明,CER/TMPTMA互穿网络聚合物在不同温度下的交流电阻与体系的组成和微观结构有关。随着TMPTMA含量的增加,CER/TMPTMA互穿网络聚合物的击穿强度和形态参数增大,互穿网络聚合物的均匀度逐渐增加,击穿机理趋于一致。     

改性水性硝化纤维素乳液研究

采用醇酸树脂转相乳化法和丙烯酸酯类单体互穿聚合物网络聚合法制备改性硝化纤维素乳液。研究了醇酸树脂、丙烯酸酯类单体乳化剂用量等因素对乳液性能的影响。结果表明，丙烯酸酯类单体改性互穿聚合物网络聚合法制得的乳液效果好.     

新型三元互穿聚合物网络阻尼材料的研制

采用平衡溶胀工艺,合成了具有宽温域、高阻尼值的新型三元互穿聚合物网络.透射电镜证明了乳液交联反应的发生和互穿网络的结构.分别通过对乳液及乳胶膜性能的测试和比较,发现三元互穿聚合物网络相容性和阻尼性均优于二元互穿聚合物网络.     

聚氨酯—聚丙烯酸酯互穿聚合物网络的转变行为

互穿聚合物网络(IPN),是指由两种或多种各自交联(或其中一种交联)且相互穿透、缠结的高分子共混物。理想的IPN呈现不同网络在分子水平的互穿,而实际的IPN则呈现相分离结构,互穿网络主要发生在相界面上。网络之间的互穿给材料带来某些性     

互穿聚合物网络研究进展

介绍了互穿聚合物网络的应用和表征方法。综述了互穿聚合物网络的研究进展，展望了应用前景。     

配位聚合物的缠结网络研究进展

配位聚合物中缠结网络的研究,近年来得到科学家的普遍关注.本文对配位聚合物中缠结网络的分类进行了综述,介绍了缠结网络研究的重要性和国内外缠结网络的研究工作,对互穿网络中的一维的分子梯互穿、二维折叠层的互穿、三维网络的互穿、混连接网络的互穿进行了详细介绍,列举了近年来这类缠结网络的研究成果和开发进展,并对其发展趋势进行了展...     

Interpenetrating polymer networks

Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) composed of two or more chemically distinct networks are not only intrinsically interesting as examples of macromolecular chemical topological isomerism but are in practice useful means of controlling mutual miscibility and phase morphology in crosslinked polymers. We will first review briefly the synthesis and properties of such IPN systems. This will be followed by an outline of a phenomenological theory of the phase stability and linearised theory of spinodal decomposition of binary, chemically quenched, low crosslink density IPNs recently developed by K. Binder and the author. Finally, we will discuss some aspects of the synthesis of ternary IPNs and the thermochromic properties of IPNs containing a crosslinked polydiacetylene.     

Semi‐ and full‐interpenetrating polymer networks based on polyurethane produced from canola oil and poly(methyl methacrylate)

Semi‐ and full‐interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were prepared using polyurethane (PUR) produced from a canola oil‐based polyol with primary terminal functional groups and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The properties of the material were studied and compared using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile measurements. The morphology of the IPNs was investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Semi‐IPNs demonstrated different thermal mechanical properties, mechanical properties, phase behavior, and morphology from full IPNs. Both types of IPNs studied are two‐phase systems with incomplete phase separation. However, the extent of phase separation is significantly more advanced in the semi‐IPNs compared with the full IPNs. All the semi‐IPNs exhibited higher values of elongation at break for all proportions of acrylate to polyurethane compared with the corresponding full IPNs. These differences are mainly due to the fact that in the case of semi‐IPNs, one of the constituting polymers remains linear, so that it exhibits a loosely packed network and relatively high mobility, whereas in the case of full IPNs, there is a higher degree of crosslinking, which restricts the mobility of the chains. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

EP/PUR梯度互穿网络聚合物的制备及其拉伸性能研究

提出一种新的方法对梯度互穿网络聚合物(IPNs)中梯度组分的分布进行设计,并采用逐层浇注的方法制备了不同层数的环氧树脂/聚氨酯(EP/PUR)IPNs,对其拉伸性能进行了研究。研究结果表明,EP/PUR梯度IPNs的拉伸性能受梯度层数的影响,梯度层数越多,拉伸弹性模量越小,拉伸强度高,但当梯度层数超过7层后,拉伸强度有所降低;EP/PUR梯度IPNs的拉伸性能优于EP和EP/PUR普通IPNs。     

Miscibility and thermal and dynamic mechanical behaviour of semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks based on polyurethane and poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)

The thermodynamic miscibility and thermal and dynamic mechanical behaviour of semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (semi‐IPNs) of crosslinked polyurethane (PU) and linear poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) have been investigated. The free energies of mixing of the semi‐IPN components have been determined by the vapour sorption method and it was established that the parameters are positive and depend on the amount of PHEMA in the semi‐IPN samples. Thermal analyses glass transition temperatures evidenced two in the semi‐IPNs in accordance with the investigation of the thermodynamic miscibility of these systems. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed a pronounced change in the viscoelastic properties of the PU‐based semi‐IPNs with different amounts of PHEMA in the samples. The semi‐IPNs have two distinct tan δ maxima related to the relaxations of the two polymers in their glass temperature domains. The temperature position of PU relaxation maximum tan δ is invariable but its amplitude decreases in the semi‐IPNs with increasing amount of PHEMA in the systems. The tan δ maximum of PHEMA is shifted to a lower temperature and its amplitude decreases with increasing amount of PU in the semi‐IPNs. The segregation degree of components α was calculated using the viscoelastic properties of semi‐IPNs. It was concluded that the studied semi‐IPNs are two‐phase systems with incomplete phase separation. The different levels of immiscibility lead to the different degree of phase separation in the semi‐IPNs with compositions. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Mechanical property and swelling behavior of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks based on polyvinyl alcohol and polyurethane

We have studied the mechanical property and swelling behavior of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and polyurethane (PU) with reactive groups under different experimental conditions. Tensile strength and elongation of these semi-IPNs are strongly dependent on the composition of IPNs and degree of PU crosslinking. It is clear that the composition of PVA and PU forms different IPNs morphology, which would determine the final mechanical property. The experimental results also demonstrate that the degree of crosslinking, which is controlled by heat treating temperature time, and amount of reactive groups, affects the swelling behavior of IPNs. With a change in the degree of crosslinking, the degree of swelling of IPNs is also different. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 67: 473–479, 1998     

Interpenetrating polymer networks from castor oil-based polyurethanes and polystyrene,XXV

Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) of castor oil-based polyurethanes and polystyrene were prepared by simultaneous polymerization. The liquid prepolyurethanes were formed by reacting the hydroxyl functionality of castor oil with isophorone diisocyanate using different stoichiometric NCO/OH ratios. These prepolyurethanes were mixed with styrene monomer and subsequently polymerized by free radical polymerization initiated by benzoyl peroxide in the presence of the crosslinker 1,4-divinyl benzene. The interpenetrating polymer networks. PU/PS IPNs, were obtained as tough and transparent films by the transfer moulding technique. These IPNs were characterized by the static mechanical properties (tensile strength, Young's modulus and % elongation), thermal properties and morphology. The dielectric relaxation properties (σ, E′, E″ and tanδ) of the IPNs at different temperatures were studied.     

Modification of novolac resin by interpenetrating network formation with poly(butyl acrylate)

Interpenetrating networks (IPNs) of novolac (phenol formaldehyde) resin and poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) were prepared by a sequential mode of polymerization. Both full IPNs and semi‐IPNs of different compositions were synthesized and characterized with respect to their mechanical properties, that is, their modulus, ultimate tensile strength (UTS), elongation‐at‐break percentage, and toughness. Their thermal properties were examined with differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). A morphological study was performed with an optical microscope. The effects of the variation of the blend ratios on the aforementioned properties were studied. There was a gradual decrease in the modulus and UTS with a simultaneous increase in the elongation‐at‐break percentage and toughness for both types of IPNs as the proportions of PBA were increased. With increasing proportions of PBA, the glass‐transition temperatures of the different IPNs underwent shifts toward a lower temperature region. This showed a plasticizing influence of PBA on the rigid and brittle phenolic matrix. TGA thermograms depicted the classical two‐step degradation for the phenolic resin. Although there was an apparent increase in the thermal stability at the initial stage (up to 350°C), particularly at lower temperatures, a substantial decrease in the thermal stability was observed at higher temperatures under study. In all the micrographs of full IPNs and semi‐IPNs, two‐phase structures were observed, regardless of the PBA content. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 2407–2417, 2005     

增韧改性环氧树脂互穿网络聚合物的合成与表征

合成了端异氰酸酯/环氧丙烯酸树脂互穿网络聚合物,在环氧树脂交联网络中引入柔性链段,达到增韧的目的。通过改变端异氰酸酯和环氧丙烯酸树脂的组分比,合成不同组成的互穿网络聚合物(IPNs)。借助红外光谱和扫描电镜等分析方法,研究了IPNs的分子混合形态结构。同时采用差热分析法(DSC)测试了聚合物的玻璃化转变温度,结果表明:端异氰酸酯预聚体含量越高,聚合物的玻璃化转变温度越低。对成膜物的力学性能研究表明,INPs的拉伸强度在端异氰酸酯/环氧丙烯酸树脂比例为30:70时,拉伸强度为55.24 MPa,是纯环氧树脂的2.5倍。     

Three component terpolymer and IPN hydrogels with response to stimuli

Two different types of multi-stimuli-shrinking hydrogels were synthesized (IPNs and terpolymeric hydrogels) by properly polymerizing N-isopropylacrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid in various mutual ratios and different synthetic orders. Both classical (CP) and frontal (FP) polymerizations were used and the resulting material properties compared. The best compositions and synthetic routes were found and the swelling, morphological and thermal material properties were studied. The results show that some IPNs exhibit marked stimuli-shrinking properties while some terpolymers present an opposite behavior. IPNs swell more than terpolymers and show a sharper stimuli-response, with a larger swelling ratio variation. In addition, FP allowed obtaining samples with the same characteristic of CP materials, but with significant preparation advantages. It has been demonstrated that by varying monomer mutual ratio, synthetic technique (FP or CP) and structural architecture (terpolymers or IPNs), different materials having peculiar properties and characteristics can be obtained.     

梯度层数对聚氨酯／环氧梯度互穿网络聚合物力学性能的影响

设计了一种新的梯度组分分布数学模型，采用梯度因子和梯度层数控制梯度组分的分布，并采用逐层浇铸的方法制备了不同层数的EP／PU梯度互穿网络聚合物（IPN）材料；测试了材料的拉伸性能、弯曲性能以及冲击性能；研究了梯度层数变化对这些性能的影响，并同普通IPN的性能进行了对比。研究结果表明，在相同质量比和梯度因子情况下，梯度层数越多，拉伸强度和冲击强度越高，弯曲强度越低。梯度IPN的拉伸强度和冲击强度均高于普通IPN，弯曲强度低于普通IPN。