Graves病患者药物治疗复发的原因分析

目的探讨与Graves病药物治疗复发有关的危险因素。方法回顾性分析我院2003年1月至2007年12月间收治的60例Graves病患者。结果吸烟、抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体、甲状腺大小、合并精神因素、伴发突眼和碘摄入过多与Graves病的复发明显正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),疗程与Graves病复发呈负相关(P<0.01);其余各影响因素与Graves病复发均无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论在Graves病药物治疗复发过程中,吸烟、抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体、甲状腺大小、合并精神因素、伴发突眼、疗程和碘摄入过多可能是导致Graves病复发的重要因素。     

改良小切口手术治疗甲状腺瘤38例报告

目的探讨改良小切口手术治疗甲状腺腺瘤的方法及疗效。方法本文对38例甲状腺腺瘤患者采用改良小切口甲状腺腺瘤切除术治疗。结果经过积极的治疗,改良小切口手术组患者的手术时间平均(83.4±19.2)min,术中出血量平均(12.9±7.4)mL,术后住院时间平均(4.8±1.2)d。一般手术组患者的手术时间平均(113.4±22.5)min,术中出血量平均(23.4±12.5)mL,术后住院时间平均(3.4±1.1)d。经过统计分析发现改良小切口手术组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间均明显低于一般手术组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论改良小切口甲状腺腺瘤切除手术,手术时间及术中出血较原来大大缩短及减少,且手术创伤小,术后恢复快,术后并发症少,临床治疗和美容效果均较好,值得推广使用。     

继发性甲亢22例手术治疗分析

目的探讨22例继发性甲亢围手术期处理及手术要点,以提高治疗水平。方法 22例继发性甲亢随机分2组:改良服碘组及常规服碘组。作好相应术前准备后施行手术治疗,观察相关临床指标。结果全组22例,17例行甲状腺次全切除术,5例行真包膜内甲状腺结节摘除。术后出现轻度声嘶1例,无死亡病例。2组平均手术时间,平均术中出血量,术前T3、T4,术后24hT3、T4比较及各组术前与术后24hT3、T4比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。服碘时间改良组比常规组平均缩短16.1d。结论手术是治疗继发性甲亢的主要方法,安全有效。术中要根据具体情况选择相应术式。术前碘准备以改良服碘法为佳。     

中西医结合治疗甲状腺机能亢进症

目的观察中西医结合治疗甲状腺机能亢进症的疗效。方法将我院120例甲亢患者随机分为治疗组及对照组。结果治疗组的总有效率为95.0%,显著高于对照组的78.3%(P<0.05),治疗后2组患者血清T3、T4、FT3、FT4均显著低于治疗前(P<0.05),治疗组降幅较大,但与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组出现白细胞减少、药疹等不良反应4例,对照组出现不良反应10例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中西医结合取长补短治疗甲亢疗效安全、可靠,具有良好的调节机体整体功能的协同作用,相辅相成,缩短疗程,疗效满意,确为治疗甲状腺机能亢进症的有效方法之一,但远期疗效有待于进一步研究。     

111例冠心病患者甲状腺激素水平检测分析

目的研究甲状腺功能正常的冠心病患者甲状腺素水平的改变,并对冠心病患者不同促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平与血脂异常的关系进行探讨。方法冠心病111例,正常对照组96例,分别测定血清游离甲状腺素(FT4)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)和促甲状腺激素水平(TSH),同时检测血中总胆固醇(TC)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)。分析住院冠心病患者的甲状腺功能状态,排除合并甲状腺疾病者23例后,余88例进入冠心病组,比较冠心病组与正常对照组甲状腺激素水平。冠心病组按所测TSH值分为A组、B组、C组,分析不同TSH水平时,冠心病患者高胆固醇血症及高LDL-C血症的患病率有无差异。结果 111例冠心病患者中,甲状腺功能异常者23例,其中甲状腺功能亢进症4例,甲状腺功能减退症10例,亚临床甲亢2例,亚临床甲减7例;TSH正常的冠心病组FT3水平明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01),2组的TSH与FT4水平无统计学差异;甲状腺功能正常的冠心病患者,在不同的TSH水平下,C组的高胆固醇血症的患病率高于B组,3组间的高LDL-C血症的患病率之间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论在住院冠心病患者中,监测其甲状腺激素水平具有重要意义。     

术前静脉化疗联合手术治疗Ⅱb期宫颈癌的临床研究

目的探讨Ⅱb期宫颈癌患者术前静脉化疗联合手术治疗的临床应用价值。方法15例宫颈癌Ⅱb期患者,术前行静脉化疗,2～3周后行宫颈癌根治术,并与16例单纯手术患者进行对照。结果31例术后病理阴道断端均无癌转移。术前化疗组淋巴结阳性3例,占术前化疗人数的20%;直接手术组淋巴结阳性7例,占直接手术人数的43.75%,术前化疗组与直接手术组比较,盆腔淋巴结转移差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后留置尿管时间、术后并发症等的差异无统计学意义。结论术前静脉化疗是Ⅱb期宫颈癌术前有效的辅助治疗手段之一。     

非脱垂子宫改良阴式全子宫切除术85例临床分析

目的探讨非脱垂子宫改良阴式子宫全切术的优点及基层医院开展的可行性。方法对非脱垂子宫改良阴式子宫切除术85例(改良阴式组)、经腹子宫全切除术组78例(腹式组)、传统阴式子宫全切除术19例(传统阴式组)术中术后情况进行比较分析。结果比较输液时间、肛门排气时间、术后使用止痛剂多少、住院时间长短等指标,改良阴式手术组均明显优于腹式手术组与传统阴式组,差异有非常显著意义(P<0.01)。而比较手术时间长短、术中出血量等指标,改良阴式手术组亦明显优于腹式手术组与传统阴式手术组(P<0.05)。此外,切口感染、术后性生活恢复情况等指标3种术式并无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论非脱垂子宫改良阴式全子宫切除术是一种创伤小、安全、痛苦少、恢复快、费用低的手术,适合基层医院开展。     

中成药结合5-FU、奥沙利铂辅助治疗大肠癌术后的疗效观察

目的比较中成药康艾注射液联合5-FU、奥沙利铂与单用化疗对大肠癌术后的临床疗效。方法大肠癌术后患者,随机分组为治疗组(中成药 化疗)和对照组(化疗)。各组均治疗4-6个疗程,观察生活质量和毒副反应的同时,比较复发时间、复发率、1-3年生存率和中位生存期。结果治疗组在改善临床症状和毒副反应明显优于对照组(P<0.05),但在1￣2年生存期比较差异无意义(P>0.05),而在累计死亡率、3年生存期、中位生存期以及复发率等方面差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论中成药康艾注射液可明显改善大肠癌患者生活质量和减少化疗药物毒副反应,并对术后患者可延长生命和减少复发,可见选择中成药配合化疗是很有意义的临床治疗方案。     

~(131)I核素治疗Graves病对甲亢性糖尿病的影响及其相互关系的探讨

目的为了探讨131I核素治疗Graves病对甲亢合并糖尿病患者的影响并了解其相互关系。方法根据1999年WHO糖尿病诊断标准和Graves病诊断标准,排除其它相关影响因素,对69例甲亢合并糖尿病患者随机分组35例经ATD控制病情,在甲硫咪唑停药1周,丙基硫氧嘧啶停药至少2周后,行131I核素治疗;34例采用ATD治疗。分别于治疗后1、3、6个月进行TSH、FT3、FT4以及空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖的测定。Graves病疗效判定标准依次为治愈、好转、无效、甲减。糖尿病疗效评价标准分别为显效、好转、无效。结果 6个月131I核素治疗后复查35例患者Graves病治愈26例(74.29%),其中糖尿病有效25例(71.43%)、无效1例(2.86%);Graves病好转5例(14.29%),其中糖尿病有效5例(14.29%);Graves病无效0例;甲减4例(11.43%),其中糖尿病有效4例(11.43%)。Graves病治愈率为85.71%,糖尿病有效率为97.14%。6个月ATD治疗后复查34例患者Graves病治愈1例(2.94%),其中糖尿病有效1例(2.94%);Graves病好转26例(76.47%),...     

无钛法腹腔镜胆囊切除术在基层医院的应用

目的 探讨无钛二孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术在基层医院的应用价值。方法 将120例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的患者随机分入对照组与观察组,其中64例对照组患者行钛夹传统四孔法手术治疗,56例观察组患者接受无钛二孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、术后疼痛及术后并发症发生率。结果 观察组患者均手术成功,无中转开腹病例。观察组手术时间长于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术中出血量、术后疼痛均显著少于对照组,差别具有统计学意义(P<0.01);2组住院时间、术后并发症发生率无显著差别(P>0.05)。结论 无钛二孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术与钛夹传统四孔法相比疗效相当,同时对机体损伤较小,减轻患者痛苦,只要经过严格培训手术医生均可掌握,适合在基层医院推广应用。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。