Enhanced magnetic and antifungal characteristics on wool with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and BTCA: a facile synthesis and RSM optimization

A facile route for the synthesis of high-quality Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (FNPs) has been successfully confirmed by employing a co-precipitation technique and then was stabilized onto wool fabric through a simple “impregnating” process. Here, the synergistic effect of BTCA and synthesized FNPs on magnetic and antifungal characteristics of the wool fabric was investigated. The FNPs was stabilized on the wool surface using BTCA cross-linking agent. The role of both FNPs and BTCA concentrations on magnetic and antifungal properties of samples was optimized using response surface methodology. The magnetization properties and uniform distribution of FNPs on the wool surface were characterized by vibrating sample magnetometry, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The saturation magnetization and antifungal activity against Candida albicans of BTCA/FNPs-optimized wool was 7.8 emu g^?1 and 98.31%, respectively. Subsequently, treated wool fabric with optimum concentration of FNPs and BTCA enhanced magnetic and antifungal properties.     

Effect of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on magnetic electrospun nanofibers

A new simple magnetic electrospinning setup was devised to manufacture partially aligned nanofiber in the paper. Compared with the traditional electrospinning setup, a U-shaped permanent magnet was employed and applied with a slide rheostat. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and PVA/Fe₃O₄ fibers were prepared by the magnetic electrospinning, respectively. The morphology and alignment of the fibers were characterized by the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that the magnetic field could decrease the diameter of fibers and enhance the crystal conditions of fibers, and the addition of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles improved the alignment of nanofibers.     

Proteases pretreatment on wool to enhance durable antimicrobial and UV protection with nano TiO2 and polycarboxylic acids using RSM

In this research, protease pretreated wool fabric (PWF) was treated with butane tetra carboxylic acid (BTCA), citric acid (CA), and nano TiO₂ (NTO) to produce fabric with enhanced durable antimicrobial and ultraviolet (UV) protection properties. However, treatment of proteases enzymatic wool with NTO/CA/BTCA has not been informed. The NTO particles were stabilized on the enzymatic wool surface using CA/BTCA cross-linking agents. In order to create optimum UV protection (UP) based on (ΔE^?) and bacteria reduction against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, the appropriate models were obtained based on Design-Expert software. The roles of CA, BTCA, and NTO concentrations in UP and antimicrobial properties of the PWF were investigated using response surface methodology. Overall, the protease pretreatment of the wool fabrics made the improvement of the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria, and also caused the remarkable enhancement of UP properties as compared with control samples. Also, reflectance spectra analyses (200–400?nm) and scanning electron microscopy were employed to confirm the NTO particles on the pretreated wool surface.     

Optimization of wool mothproofing with nano TiO2 using statistical analysis

Wool, with excellent characteristics, has the problem of being fed on by the moth. Until now several chemicals have been introduced for mothproofing with some limitations. In this research, an optimized mothproofing of wool has been proposed with nano TiO₂ and citric acid by using Design-Expert software. Mothproofing was statistically investigated by measuring wool weight loss during feeding by the larvae of carpet beetle, Anthrenus verbasci. The analysis of variance was applied to obtain the optimum conditions for mothproofing. The damage intensity of wool fabrics was also observed with a digital camera. Further, the dyeing properties of the treated wool fabrics were examined through evaluating exhaustion of CI Acid Blue 113. Finally, the wool fabrics treated with optimized concentration of CA and 1.2% TiO₂ nanoparticles indicated the best protection against moths.     

聚苯乙烯/Fe3O4悬浮填料的制备及类芬顿处理愈创木酚模拟废水的研究

均相芬顿(Fenton)处理废水存在化学药剂投加量大、铁泥产生量多的问题,类Fenton是有效的解决途径之一。本课题以羟基修饰的纳米Fe₃O₄(Fe₃O₄-OH)和苯乙烯(St)为主要原料,利用链式加聚反应合成聚苯乙烯(PS)/Fe₃O₄悬浮填料,用于类Fenton处理愈创木酚模拟废水。分别用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、热重分析仪(TGA)、超景深显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)对PS/Fe₃O₄悬浮填料进行分析和表征,发现PS/Fe₃O₄悬浮填料具有Fe₃O₄-OH和PS的双层复合结构,其中Fe₃O₄的质量占比为51.6%。对比研究了PS/Fe₃O₄悬浮填料和纳米Fe₃O_4<...     

Electrochemical behaviour of Sudan I at Fe3O4 nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode and its determination in food samples

In this work, a simple and sensitive electrochemical method was developed to determine Sudan I based on magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The sensor exhibited an obviously electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of Sudan I, which can be confirmed by the increased oxidation peak current and the decreased oxidation peak potential when compared with the bare GCE. The determination conditions, such as pH, modifier amount, accumulation time and accumulation potential, were optimised. And some kinetic parameters were calculated. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the oxidation current of Sudan I was proportional to its concentration from 0.01 to 1 μM and 1 to 20 μM. The detection limit was estimated to be 0.001 μM (S/N = 3). The developed method was successfully applied to determine Sudan I content in food samples with satisfactory results.     

Heat resistance investigation and mechanical properties of fabric coated with Al2O3 sol–gel

The Inflatable Reentry and Descent Vehicle is a new kind of ballistic atmospheric entry vehicle which generates a piece of large aerodynamic drag area for deceleration when the resistance cone is deployed by gas-filling expansion. However, the aerothermal heating during planetary entry poses a significant challenge to a flexible fabric. In this paper, the para-aramid fabrics with three different sol–gel coatings (i.e. Al₂O₃ sol coating, supercritical drying Al₂O₃ aerogel coating, and atmospheric pressure drying Al₂O₃ xerogel coating) were proposed for heat resistance analysis and strength analysis. The thermal and mechanical properties of flexible fabric materials were conducted by infrared spectrum analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis, 50s ablation and uniaxial tension testing. All the results indicate that fabric coated with the supercritical drying Al₂O₃ aerogel possesses high heat resistance and nearly 100% residues strengthen.     

Efficient flame retardant of mercerized cotton through cross-linking with citric acid and ZnO nanoparticles optimized by RSM models

This research attempts to resolve high flammability of mercerized cotton (MC) through cross-linking with sodium hypophosphite (SHP) catalyst and citric acid (CA) cross-linking agent and then post-treated with ZnO nanoparticles. However, concurrent optimization of flame retardant and cross-linking treatment of MC fabrics with SHP/CA/ZnO nanocomposite were not been reported. ZnO nanoparticles were stabilized on the surface of MC fabric using CA cross-linking agents. Appropriate models were obtained based on Design of Expert software in order to create optimum physical properties. The roles of SHP, CA, and nanoZnO concentrations were optimized in flame retardant and cross-linking properties of MC fabric using response surface methodology. Also, absorbance and transmission spectra analyses (200–400 nm) and scanning electron microscopy were employed to confirm ZnO nanoparticles on the MC fabrics. The results revealed the significant and synergism influence of SHP, CA, and nanoZnO in enhancing the flame retardant property of cross-linked MC fabrics.     

Deposition of nanoparticle multilayers to improve mechanical properties of denim fabrics

Al₂O₃ nanoparticles were used for fabrication of multilayer nanocomposite film deposition on cationic denim fabrics by electrostatic self-assembly to improve the mechanical properties. Denim fabrics were pre-treated with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EP3MAC) by a pad-batch method for cationic surface charge. Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy were used to verify the presence of deposit nanolayers. CIELab analysis was performed on the fabrics before and after the treatment with Al₂O₃ nanoparticles by the layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition method. After aging processes, the effect of LbL deposition method on the tensile strength properties of denim fabrics was also investigated.     

生物可用型纳米磁珠的制备和改性研究

纳米磁珠在生物医学领域应用日益广泛,但仍存在尺寸不均、分散性差、改性过程中强磁性难以保持和功能化程度偏低等缺点。为克服上述缺点,首先制备尺寸均匀的Fe_3O_4超细强磁核,再先后利用正硅酸乙酯、3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷对其进行功能改性,分别得到硅羟基化磁珠Fe_3O_4@SiO_2和氨基化磁珠Fe_3O_4@SiO_2—NH_2,最后研究Fe_3O_4制备及改性过程中其磁性、分散稳定性、功能化程度的影响因素。结果表明,在室温及氮气保护下,氨水量50mL,浓度1mol/L时,Fe_3O_4磁性最强,达到56eum/g,乙醇中稳定分散8d;正硅酸乙酯量0.5mL时,所得硅羟基化磁珠磁性为30eum/g,在乙醇中可稳定分散12d;甲苯中70℃下,所得氨基化磁珠磁性仍有25eum/g,乙醇中可稳定分散14d,且其氨基接枝率达2.306mmol/g,高于文献报道值;因而,该研究所得的改性纳米磁珠具有更好的分散性及更强的磁性,且其表面携带丰富的羟基或氨基活性基团,更易与各种有机活性分子作用,具有广阔的生物医药应用前景。     

Synthesis,characterisation and analytical application of Fe3O4@SiO2@polyaminoquinoline magnetic nanocomposite for the extraction and pre-concentration of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in food samples

This work describes a novel Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@polyaminoquinoline magnetic nanocomposite and its application in the pre-concentration of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions. The parameters affecting the pre-concentration procedure were optimised by a Box–Behnken design through response surface methodology. Three variables (extraction time, magnetic sorbent amount and pH) were selected as the main factors affecting the sorption step, while four variables (type, volume and concentration of the eluent, and elution time) were selected as main factors in the optimisation study of the elution step. Following the sorption and elution of analytes, the ions were quantified by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FASS). The limits of detection were 0.1 and 0.7 ng ml^?1 for Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions, respectively. All the relative standard deviations were less than 7.6%. The sorption capacities of this new sorbent were 57 mg g^?1 for Cd(II) and 73 mg g^?1 for Pb(II). Ultimately, this nanocomposite was successfully applied to the rapid extraction of trace quantities of these heavy metal ions from seafood and agricultural samples and satisfactory results were obtained.     

磁性疏水性纤维素纳米纤丝气凝胶的制备及性能研究

以TEMPO氧化法制备的纤维素纳米纤丝（CNF）为原料制备CNF气凝胶,随后采用Fe₃O₄纳米粒子和十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷（HDTMS）对其进行改性制得磁性疏水性CNF气凝胶,并对其疏水性能、磁性、吸附性及其他各项性能进行表征。结果表明,交联剂N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBA）可提高CNF之间的结合强度,使气凝胶结构更加稳定、不易被破坏。制备得到的气凝胶密度和孔隙率分别为0.015 g/cm³和99.02%,其水接触角可达133°,表现出优异的超疏水性,吸附倍率最高可达145 g/g（机油）;同时,添加Fe₃O₄纳米粒子使气凝胶具备较好的磁响应性能,有利于气凝胶的后期回收。     

Fe3O4@VC磁性纳米粒子对Cr(VI）的吸附性能

通过水热法合成Fe₃O₄@V_C磁性纳米粒子,采用透射电镜、红外光谱和X射线衍射等表征手段对合成的粒子结构进行表征。探讨了pH值、吸附时间、吸附剂用量、溶液初始浓度等因素对六价铬Cr(VI）吸附的影响,并对Cr(VI）的吸附热力学和动力学进行了研究。结果表明,在pH为1.50,25 ℃条件下,磁性纳米粒子对Cr(VI）的饱和吸附量可达39.12 mg/g,吸附率为85%以上。吸附性能试验表明,磁性纳米粒子对Cr(VI）的吸附符合Langmuir热力学模型和HO准二级动力学吸附模型。     

四硫化三铁-石墨烯复合催化剂降解木素结构单元模型物丁香酸

以具有类Fenton催化活性的Fe3S4为主催化剂,采用原位生长的方式将其负载在较高比表面积的石墨烯载体上,制备出具有较高催化活性的Fe3S4-石墨烯(Fe3S4-G)复合催化剂。将该复合催化剂和H2O2构成多相类Fenton反应(Fe3S4-G-H2O2)体系,利用其催化产生的羟基自由基降解木素结构单元模型物丁香酸。研究了多相类Fenton反应过程中催化剂中铁元素与石墨烯质量比、催化剂用量、H2O2用量、pH值以及时间、温度等对降解效率的影响。结果表明,在催化剂中铁元素与石墨烯质量比为28∶1、pH值为3.02、催化剂用量为0.03 g、H2O2浓度为10 mmol/L时,丁香酸(32 mg/L)的降解率达到98.7%。     

Fe3O4纳米粒子的制备方法及其最新应用进展

综述了近年来四氧化三铁(Fe3O4)纳米粒子常用的制备方法及其应用的最新进展.主要包括Fe3O4纳米粒子及其复合材料在废水处理、化学催化、能源储备和生物医学等领域的研究现状.同时探讨了Fe3O4纳米粒子在现有应用过程中存在的挑战和未来可能的发展趋势.     

基于Fe3O4@Au模拟酶智能手机比色法检测牛奶中尿酸的研究

目的 利用Fe3O4@Au的过氧化物模拟酶活性构建检测牛奶中过量尿酸的智能手机比色传感器。方法 通过单因素正交实验获取模拟酶比色和智能手机比色的最佳检测条件, 利用紫外分光光度法和智能手机比色法测定不同浓度的尿酸溶液, 同时评估体系的灵敏度、抗干扰性和稳定性。结果 Fe3O4@Au最优催化体系为反应温度60℃, 反应时间50 min及Fe3O4@Au添加量0.015 g。智能手机比色体系最优相机分辨率为12 MP, 光圈f值为4.00 mm, 感光度(photosensibility, ISO)值为800及快门速度为0.002 s; 基于智能手机比色法检测尿酸最优条件下, 尿酸浓度在0.075~7.500 mmol/L范围内显现出良好的线性关系, 工作曲线为Y1=?47.362X1+494.35 (r2=0.9918), 检出限为0.043 μmol/L。在实际样品检测中, 加标回收率在96.90%~112.81%之间, 相对标准偏差均低于4.00%。结论 基于Fe3O4@Au模拟酶活性建立的智能手机比色检测体系, 具有极高的灵敏度, 良好的抗干扰性和稳定性, 该研究成果将为尿酸等食品成分的分析检测提供一条新的渠道。     

纳米TiO2胶体光催化-磁絮凝回收深度处理造纸废水

以纳米TiO₂(Nano-TiO₂)为光催剂、Fe₃O₄/SiO₂(FS)为磁性絮凝剂,提出了一种通过调节p H值来实现Nano-TiO₂磁絮凝回收及解絮凝释放的回收再利用系统;研究了FS/Nano-TiO₂质量比和相同质量比下Nano-TiO₂浓度对系统絮凝性能的影响,考察了造纸废水预处理方式对Nano-TiO₂光催化-磁絮凝回收循环光降解性能的影响。结果表明,FS/Nano-TiO₂质量比越大或相同质量比下Nano-TiO₂浓度越高,两者形成的FS/Nano-TiO₂絮凝体的沉降速率越快,越有利于Nano-TiO₂的磁絮凝回收;经浓度为0.6 g/L Nano-TiO₂絮凝处理后的造纸废水(SBR-T)在光催化降解180 min后,其COD_Cr、固体悬浮物、...     

Preparation and Characterization of Co3O4/Graphene/Cellulose Nanofiber Composite Films

Nanocellulose has served as an eye-catching nanomaterial for constructing advanced functional devices with renewability, light weight, flexibility, and environmental friendliness. In this study, Co₃O₄/graphene/cellulose nanofiber (CNF) flexible composite films, in which the CNF acted as a spacer for the graphene, were prepared via a facile and scalable vacuum filtration method. The effects of the CNF on the microstructure, hydrophilicity, thermal stability, tensile strength, surface resistance, and electrochemical performance of the Co₃O₄/graphene/CNF composite films were systematically investigated. The results showed that the synergistic interaction of the CNF and graphene substantially improved the overall properties of the Co₃O₄/graphene/CNF composite films, particularly their hydrophilicity and tensile strength. Meanwhile, Co₃O₄/graphene/CNF composite films with a CNF content of 4% appeared to have the optimal electrochemical performance, with an area specific capacitance of 56 mF/cm² and prominent capacitance retention of 95.6% at a current density of 1 A/g after 1000 cycles. This work demonstrated that the prepared Co₃O₄/graphene/CNF flexible composite films have great application potential in the field of flexible energy storage devices.     

有氧条件下四氧化三铁纳米颗粒的制备与表征

针对化学共沉淀法制备四氧化三铁(Fe3O4)纳米粒子存在氮气用量多、过程较复杂等不足,在该方法基础上,研究在有氧条件下通过简便方法制备性能相当的磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子。系统地研究了Fe2+和Fe3+的物质的量比、反应温度、沉淀剂浓度及反应体系p H值对Fe3O4纳米粒子形成过程的影响,并利用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和振动样品磁强计对所得粒子进行了表征。结果表明:反应体系p H值为12时,在有氧条件下可使Fe2+和Fe3+充分反应形成Fe3O4沉淀;当Fe2+和Fe3+的量比为1∶1、反应温度为50℃、Na OH浓度为0.15 mol/L,可制备出结晶完整、球形、粒径小于20 nm的Fe3O4纳米颗粒,其饱和磁化强度为3.34×105A/m,磁性较强。     

过氧化氢/臭氧-曝气生物滤池深度处理造纸废水生化出水

本研究采用过氧化氢/臭氧-曝气生物滤池组合工艺处理造纸废水生化出水,通过实验确定了优化操作参数,并对组合工艺的处理性能进行了探究。结果表明,组合工艺的优化操作条件为：pH值（7.3~8.4）、过氧化氢/臭氧投加量=113/60 mg/mg、氧化时间25 min、曝气生物滤池水力停留时间2.5 h、曝气生物滤池气水比3∶1。在优化操作条件下,过氧化氢/臭氧氧化后废水的生物处理适宜性显著提高;废水经组合工艺处理后,出水COD_Cr<20 mg/L、色度<10倍,达到企业废水回用水质要求。