Product involvement,brand loyalty,and country-of-origin brand preferences of Japanese wine consumers

This study adds to the knowledge base on the level of product involvement, brand loyalty, and preference for country-of-origin wine brands of Japanese wine consumers. A highly structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from Japanese wine consumers from six of the eight major regional divisions across Japan. A 17-item wine product involvement scale measured consumers' involvement levels and formed the basis for analysis. Regression analysis on brand loyalty and involvement show a low positive association between them. Involvement is influenced by the age demographic, and increases with age until the 35–45-year age group (Generation-X) and then slowly decreases. A strong positive relationship exists between consumption frequency and quantity, and the level of involvement. High involvement consumers show a strong preference for Old World-produced wines, mainly from France and Italy. Consumers living in Chubu have the highest level of involvement, followed by Hokkaido and Kanto, which suggests that wine exporters should look beyond Tokyo for the opportunities in the regional areas of Japan. Further studies should be undertaken to examine the relationship between risk, brand loyalty, and wine purchase behaviour, and the way in which brand loyalty interacts with wine product involvement.     

Antecedents of consumer brand loyalty in the Australian wine industry

The wine industry has become fiercely competitive worldwide and as a result, consumers are increasingly exposed to a wider range of wines in retail outlets. This expanding consumer choice means that there is a need for Australian wineries to develop and build consumer loyalty toward their brands. This paper aims to empirically examine the factors influencing consumer loyalty to wine brands. Using data from Australian wine consumers, the authors empirically test a model of antecedents of wine brand loyalty. The model considers wine brand trust, wine brand satisfaction, wine knowledge, and wine experience. Hypotheses were tested with structural equation modeling. The findings of this study show that wine knowledge and wine experience affect wine brand loyalty indirectly through wine brand trust and wine brand satisfaction. In addition, it is demonstrated that consumer satisfaction with a wine brand is the strongest driver of wine brand loyalty. The result of this study has value for Australian wineries, wine retailers, and wine marketers.     

中式服装消费意向的影响因素

针对中式服装设计生产及品牌建设盲目性、碎片化的问题,分别从消费者和产品的角度对中式服装消费意向影响因素进行实证研究。借鉴态度功能理论,通过因子、结构方程模型分析,探讨消费者全球消费文化接受度、中式服装实用性预期、服装品牌来源及中式元素表现方式对消费者态度与消费意向的影响。结果表明:消费者全球消费文化接受度直接影响其对中式服装的态度,但不完全影响消费意向;中式服装实用性预期对其消费意向的影响最为显著;消费者对国内外品牌认可度差异不明显,但易对国内品牌形成积极的态度;消费者更倾向以简洁含蓄方式应用中式元素。     

中观视角服装品牌价值评价及其比较研究

从中观视角进行服装品牌价值的综合评价及子行业比较,为我国服装品牌价值提升和战略升级提供借鉴。首先通过上海市152名消费者和92位全国服装业内专家对评价指标进行权重评价,运用因子分析法构建服装品牌价值评价综合模型。在此基础上,选取我国服装市场有代表性的153个品牌,通过在6个城市2 215位消费者和97名专家对其品牌价值指标的评价收集原始数据,对我国服装市场各子行业服装品牌价值进行比较分析。结果表明:对服装品牌价值的综合评价可以构建5个公因子层次结构模型。按方差分析可以将各子行业服装品牌价值从高到低划分为4类:国际顶级品牌、运动装品牌和内衣品牌,单品类,综合休闲类和男装品牌,女装。     

服装色彩感知价值对品牌忠诚的影响

为分析服装色彩感知价值对品牌忠诚形成的影响机制,通过文献回顾和理论研究,构建了色彩感知价值、主动改善、品牌认同、品牌忠诚4个变量的理论模型,并提出相关假设;应用回归模型对收集的207份有效问卷进行实证分析.研究表明:服装色彩感知价值理论模型具有较好的可靠性与相关性,提出的3个假设均得到验证;消费者感知到的服装色彩价值越...     

消费者对网络食品安全信息的风险感知与影响研究

目的随着新媒体的发展,网络信息曝光的食品安全问题引起消费者的高度关注,也影响着消费者的行为和情绪反应。开展消费者风险感知研究,对提高风险沟通的有效性具有指导意义。方法利用6个大中城市的1 083份问卷调查数据,进行统计学分析和模型计量。结果消费者对饮食导致健康危害的风险担忧,仅次于环境污染,而总体的食品安全风险感知处于中等偏上水平。网络信息受到消费者高度关注,并有近8成的人认为信息真实可信;政府作为信息发布主体,最受消费者信任,其门户网站也位于信任的首位。SEM结构方程模拟结果,得到4个潜变量与风险感知明显相关的影响路径;回归分析表明,年龄、受教育程度、家庭月收入对消费者风险感知具有明显负向影响。结论应用大数据研究国家层面的消费者食品安全风险感知数据和特征,建立双向互动的风险交流机制,推动网络媒体在社会共治中的积极作用。     

Does the direction of offshoring matter? Comparison of downward and upward offshoring strategies in changing consumers’ brand perception by brand tiers

Abstract

Offshoring strategies raise a critical question to defining the country images of brands, as offshoring results in discrepancies between the country-of-brand origin (COB) and the country-of-manufacture (COM) by relocating COM from the home to another country. Based on cognitive dissonance theory and social exchange theory, this study assesses the outcomes of apparel brands’ differing types of offshoring strategies by tracing consumers’ brand perception as these change after the revelation of offshoring information, particularly by comparing those outcomes between an upscale brand and a midmarket brand. Results from an experimental study revealed that a brand originating from a developed country’s offshoring from a developing country can significantly decrease brand credibility and prestige, while a brand originating from an emerging country’s offshoring from a developed country does not significantly improve those brand assets in either the upscale or the midmarket brand contexts. The paper concludes with a discussion of theoretical and managerial implications along with suggestions for future research.     

Consumers’ perceptions of organic food attributes and cognitive and affective attitudes as determinants of their purchase intentions toward organic food

The current study investigates how consumers perceive organic food attributes, which in turn influence their utilitarian and hedonic attitudes and intentions to purchase organic food. Specifically, consumers’ perceptions of nutritional content, ecological welfare, and price attributes of organic food have strong effects on utilitarian attitudes as well as hedonic attitudes toward buying organic food, while perceptions of the sensory appeal attribute have a strong effect on hedonic attitudes. Interestingly, consumers’ perceptions of the natural content attribute of organic food are not a significant determinant of the two dimensions of attitude. Lastly, utilitarian and hedonic attitudes play an important and influential role in determining behavioral intentions to purchase organic food. This study raises questions about the lack of a theoretical framework in previous organic food studies. Therefore, a modified S–O–R model is applied to provide theoretical support for organic food research. In addition, this study employs a bi-dimensional approach to attitudes (i.e., utilitarian and hedonic attitudes), contributing to a better understanding of consumers’ expectations and perceptions in their behaviors regarding organic food.     

Consumers’ acceptability of cured ham in Spain and the influence of information

The paper aims at studying consumers’ acceptability of cured ham. A Double Censored Tobit is applied, in order to first, evaluate to what extent the information conveyed by an array of observable characteristics (origin, quality certification label, brand and breed) affects consumers’ hedonic valuation of cured ham in both, blind and informed experimental conditions; and second, estimate the influence of some individuals’ traits on their preference towards specific ham attributes. In particular, we study if personal rooting in the region and store loyalty leads to a better hedonic valuation of regionally produced ham and store brands, respectively. Iberian breed and the own regional origin are the most influential attributes in blind and informed scores, while a foreign origin is further penalized when recognized. The Quality Certification Label (PDO, PGI or TSG) conveys valuable information to consumers only in some specific cases (ej. PDO Teruel), while the Distributors’ brand, when attached to superior quality categories, has a higher impact on overall liking than a Producers’ brand. The cognitive component of the origin Teruel as a cue for quality prevails over the affective component while no relationship has been found between store loyalty and the hedonic valuation of store brand.     

成衣服装品牌形象评价体系研究

为了对成衣服装品牌形象进行系统化、有针对性的研究,本文在对原有品牌形象模型深入研究的基础上,结合成衣服装品牌的特点,通过专家访谈及层次分析法,构建了成衣服装品牌形象评价体系。并运用yaahp层次分析软件,得出体系中各层级维度所对应的权重分布,同时对测评体系中各层级指标权重分布进行深入分析,以期为成衣服装品牌形象的树立、维护、提升提供借鉴。     

服装品牌形象对品牌忠诚度的影响机制

鉴于服装品牌形象对品牌忠诚度影响的复杂关系,构建服装品牌形象、感知价值、顾客满意度、品牌忠诚度的影响关系模型并提出理论假设。将服装品牌形象分为服务形象、产品形象、宣传促销形象、企业形象、店面形象和使用者形象6个结构维度。对模型和假设进行实证检验,分析结果表明:服装品牌形象从直接和间接2个方面对品牌忠诚度产生影响;感知价值通过顾客满意度所产生的中介效果间接影响品牌忠诚度;服装品牌形象与品牌忠诚度之间的关系受到顾客满意度较大影响。服装企业应通过提升品牌形象促使顾客满意度向品牌忠诚的转化。     

Effects of the perception of traceable fresh food safety and nutrition on perceived health benefits,affective commitment,and repurchase intention

Because numerous food safety problems have gained public attention, consumers are now focused on food safety and nutrition as well as health benefits. While traceability is considered the most effective intervention to ensure food safety, understanding how to encourage consumers to purchase traceable fresh food (TFF) is crucial in developing the safe food market. A questionnaire survey was conducted in Taiwan to explore the effects of the perception of TFF safety and nutrition on perceived health benefits, affective commitment, and repurchase intention. TFF consumers, defined as those who had purchased TFF in the past three months, were asked to participate in the study; in total, 393 valid questionnaires were collected. Results of structural equation modeling analysis indicated that consumers’ TFF safety and nutrition perception affected their health benefit perceptions, which consequently influenced their affective commitment to TFF and repurchase intentions. These findings explain how TFF repurchase intentions are influenced by TFF safety and nutrition perception and health benefit perceptions. This paper provides some practical suggestions for TFF marketers to increase TFF consumption.     

Diagonal or vertical? An empirical study of the impact of food brand logo orientation on consumers’ food perception and food attitude

This study explores the role of food brand logo orientation on consumers’ perceptions and attitudes regarding food products through four studies. Study 1 examines the effects of food brand logo orientation (diagonal vs. vertical) on consumer perceptions of food tastiness and risk. The findings suggest that diagonal (vs. vertical) food brand logos result in higher (lower) taste and risk perception in branded food. Study 2 reveals the underlying mechanisms of this effect by introducing perceived movement as a mediator between logo orientation and food perception. The results support the inference that movement is an underlying mechanism for the effect. Study 3 examines the effects of brand logo orientation and regulatory focus on consumer attitudes regarding branded food. The results suggest that for consumers with a promotion focus, a diagonal (vs. vertical) oriented logo leads to a more favorable attitude toward the food. For consumers with a prevention focus, a diagonal (vs. vertical) oriented logo leads to a less favorable attitude toward the food. Study 4 establishes validity of the above findings regarding native English speakers.     

Cross‐modal influence of colour from product and packaging alters perceived flavour of cider

With recent and rapidly growing consumer demand for alcoholic apple cider, markets have responded to provide for this demand. However, unlike the beer and wine industries, little consumer research exists to explore consumers' perception of cider. A large body of sensory research suggests that altering the colour of a food can significantly influence both perceived flavour of, and hedonic response to the food, despite there being no change to the food's taste or aroma qualities themselves. Our study was designed to understand how colour influences the perception of cider. A stock apple cider was subtly coloured red or green, and presented to consumers to evaluate hedonic response and for perception of flavour attributes. Following this, a cider identical to the control cider was presented with one of two labels, each featuring red or green prominently. Both the colour of the cider itself and the colour of the label significantly influenced perceived flavour and hedonic response to the ciders. Specifically, cider coloured green was perceived as being served at a colder temperature than the control, and the red sample showed an increase in perceived body. Red labelling of the cider made it seem both sweeter and fruitier. This study adds to the body of literature on multisensory perception of flavours, and may have significance for the cider industry's strategies for formulation and marketing. Copyright © 2018 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling     

消费者食品安全风险认知现状及影响因素

食品安全问题是公共卫生的重中之重,随着世界经济环境的不断发展,食品传播范围增大,食品安全在生产加工、储存、分销等方面都面临着巨大的压力和挑战。频繁发生的食品安全事件冲击着公众的信任,也影响消费者对食品安全风险的认知。对消费者风险认知的测量,逐渐由双因素风险认知理论模型转变为多因素模型。影响人们食品安全风险认知的因素有很多,比如人口特征属性,包括年龄、性别、种族和受教育程度等;接收食品信息的渠道,例如媒体、政府和企业;以及消费者对食品加工过程中涉及的技术和概念的了解程度等。这些因素对消费者的食品安全风险认知有不同程度的影响,对这些因素进行总结概述,能够为有关部门提供未来食品安全工作中可以采取的有效措施,且提升消费者对食品安全和质量的信心。     

品牌服装双营销渠道竞争与合作模型构建及应用

针对服装企业线下营销渠道和线上营销渠道共同销售的特点,运用微分方程理论构建双重渠道间竞争与合作模型（以下简称为竞合模型）,推导出带有竞合系数的线上线下销量数学模型。以优衣库和秋水伊人品牌双渠道销量作为实证数据。结果表明：以门店模式为策略的优衣库及以改良模式为策略的秋水伊人渠道双方都处于合作共赢状态,竞合模型能客观衡量品牌服装线上线下渠道竞争与合作关系。最后,结合模型预测作出优衣库和秋水伊人的双渠道销量趋势图,分析服装企业线上线下渠道融合策略,为品牌服装企业探讨双渠道整合管理供参考。     

Differential effects of brand,ratings and region on willingness to pay: a hedonic price approach

How consumers respond to signals of a products quality plays an integral role in marketing strategy. While the effects of product characteristics such as brand, region of origin, and ratings have been studied extensively, research on how they interact with each other and the differential effects of these by market segment has not been studied. This paper provides a unique insight into the purchasing behavior of US wine consumers and shows how brand, region and ratings interact and how each has a different effect dependent on price segments and varietal. We attribute these differences to unobserved heterogeneity across consumers who respond differently to different signals of quality. Using data on retail wine purchases in the USA combined with third-party ratings, we used a fixed-effects model to analyze willingness to pay for wine. Our findings provide marketers with a guide to which product characteristics in terms of brand, ratings, and region are the most effective signals of quality to different consumer market segments.     

Willingness to pay for red wines in China

China's rapidly expanding wealthy population has expressed a new desire for imported red wines. Using data collected in China's major red wine consumption region of Beijing, this study analyzes the impact of country of origin, price, wine age, and brand on consumer-derived utility and willingness to pay for red wines. Findings from a conditional logit model and a mixed logit model indicate that price remains the key factor in Chinese consumers' red wine choices. For gift purchases, consumers are willing to pay an additional $20 to move from a US wine to a French wine. For own consumption, French wines are preferable if their price is within a reasonable range of $13–20 above Chinese or US wines. Chinese consumers also strongly favor branded and matured red wines. China's rapid and sustainable economic growth and its stronger integration to the global economy have led to greater disposable income and the expanding consumer demand for luxury beverage of red wines.