Modeling the effect of elastane linear density,fabric thread density,and weave float on the stretch,recovery, and compression properties of bi-stretch woven fabrics for compression garments

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of elastane linear density, thread density, and weave float on the stretch, recovery, and compression properties of bi-stretch woven fabrics for compression garments. Fabric samples were produced using elastane core-spun cotton yarns both in the warp and weft. The elastane linear density, fabric thread density, and weave float size were used as input variables while fabric contraction, subgarment pressure, fabric stretch, and recovery were taken as response variables. Two different elastane linear densities, i.e. 44 and 78 dtex, two different thread densities, and three different weave designs, i.e. 1/1 plain, 2/2 z-twill, and 3/3 z-twill were used. The results of fabric samples were analyzed in Minitab statistical software. The coefficients of determinations (R-sq values) of the regression equations showed good prediction ability of the developed statistical models. The findings of the study may be helpful in deciding appropriate manufacturing specifications of bi-stretch fabrics to attain specific stretch, recovery, and compression properties.     

Modeling the effect of weave structure and fabric thread density on the barrier effectiveness of woven surgical gowns

Surgical gowns are the shielding cloths worn by the surgical team throughout a surgery to save them from blood pathogens of the patient being operated, and to avoid bacterial infections. Barrier effectiveness of a fabric depends upon the liquid penetration resistance and pathogen resistance of the fabric. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of different weave structures and fabric thread densities on the barrier effectiveness of the woven surgical gowns. Twelve fabric samples were produced using three different weave structures, i.e. 1/1 plain, 2/2 z-twill, and 3/3 z-twill, and four different fabric constructions and then completed with a water repellent finish. Water repellency spray test and air permeability test were conducted on each of the 12 woven samples. The results of fabric samples were analyzed in Minitab statistical software. The coefficients of determinations (R² values) of the regression equations show good prediction ability of the developed statistical models. The findings of the study may be helpful in deciding appropriate manufacturing specifications of surgical gowns to attain maximum barrier effectiveness.     

Modeling the mechanical and compression properties of polyamide/elastane knitted fabrics used in compression sportswear

A compression sportswear fabric should have excellent stretch and recovery properties in order to improve the performance of the sportsman. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of elastane linear density and loop length on the stretch, recovery, and compression properties of the weft-knitted polyamide/elastane (PA/EL) stretchable fabrics used in sportswear. Two different tests were performed to study the stretch and recovery properties of the fabric 1st: under low power force and 2nd: cyclic loading under high tension force. Kikuhime pressure sensor was used to measure the pressure generated by different PA/EL knitted sample garment sleeves. It was found that with the increase in elastane linear density there is an increase in fabric course density, areal density, recovery percentage, and compression, and fabric stretch percentage and elongation percentage decreased in both course and wale direction. The results of fabric samples were analyzed in Minitab statistical software. The coefficients of determinations (R² values) of the regression equations showed good prediction ability of the developed statistical models.     

织物组织对服用舒适性能的影响

研究织物组织对服用舒适性能的影响。在其他结构参数均相同的条件下,测试了4组不同组织织物的保暖率、透湿量、透气率、抗弯刚度和折痕回复角,并运用灰色关联分析法得出这5个性能参数与织物厚度、浮长线长度和单位面积质量3个结构参数的关联度。结果表明:厚度对织物舒适性能的影响较显著,其次是单位面积质量和浮长线长度。指出:在织物原料和经纬密相同的条件下,可通过选择较厚的织物来提高织物的保暖率、透湿量、透气率和折皱回复性。     

Multi-response optimization of thermophysiological comfort properties of polyester filament woven fabrics

Microfilament woven fabrics are used in many products such as sportswear, rainclothes, windproof clothes, sleeping bags and surgical gowns and for these products, thermophysiological comfort properties are of prime importance. In this study, it is intended to investigate the effects of filament linear density and weft sett on thermophysiological comfort properties. Also, an optimization model was developed to determine the optimum filament linear density and weft sett for the best response variables of air permeability, water vapour permeability and thermal resistance. Four different weft sett and five different filament linear densities were applied in weft direction with three different weave types. In doing so, 60 woven fabric samples were produced. According to ANOVA results and experimental observations, it is observed that, the effect of filament linear density on air and water vapour permeability was minor on microfilament range, whereas the differences between conventional filament and microfilament sample groups are considerable. Also, higher weft sett causes decreasing of air and water vapour permeability. On the other hand, there is no obvious consistent trend for thermal resistance of samples with different filament linear density and weft sett.     

Thermophysiological comfort characteristics of plated knitted fabrics

Thermophysiological comfort properties of polyester elastane-plated fabric have been studied by varying the polyester filament shape factor, elastane linear density, and fabric loop length. Thermal and evaporative resistances were measured using sweating guarded hot plate. Absorption and wicking properties were measured using M/K GATS. Moisture management properties were measured by moisture management tester. Multilinear regression equations were calculated for all the properties by using generalized linear model (GLM). The hypothesis tests were performed on estimated model (GLM) and the probability values (p-values) were calculated for each variable. Most of the heat and moisture transmission properties were found to be significantly affected by all three variables (i.e. filament shape factor, elastane linear density, and fabric loop length) at 95% level of significance.     

几种不同组织结构的衬衫面料保形性研究

根据常见的衬衫面料组织结构,使用JC9.7 tex纱线设计了6种不同组织结构的面料,研究不同组织结构对织物保形性的影响。对面料的保形性(尺寸稳定性、抗折皱性、外观平整度、抗起毛起球性、顶破性、悬垂性)及舒适性(透气、透湿性)进行了测试。结果表明:组织结构对织物的折皱回复角、外观平整度等级、顶破强力、透湿量与透气率有直接影响;织物紧度太大、太小都不利于织物的折皱回复,相同紧度下斜纹组织的抗皱性比平纹好;6种组织结构中2/2斜纹组织抗折皱性最好,2/2方平组织的顶破强力、抗起毛起球等级最高,2/2破斜纹透气、透湿性最好,2/2斜纹组织具有良好的保形性。     

Weight reduction of microfibre polyester fabric and the effect on its physical and mechanical properties

For the present work, a heat‐set microfibre polyester woven fabric was treated with five different sodium hydroxide concentrations in similar conditions. Their physical and mechanical properties were studied and discussed. Changes in eight properties due to the weight reduction, i.e. surface properties, tear strength, crimp, compression, pressure recovery, crease recovery, abrasion and weave density which are reported in this work were not available for any type of weight reduced polyester fabrics in the cited literature. Results show that the weight reduction decreases yarn and fabric strength, fabric abrasion resistance, fabric tear strength and bending stiffness. On the other hand, it increases fabric thickness under low pressure, crease recovery angle, air permeability and drape of the fabric. The treatment showed no significant effect on the surface properties of the samples.     

纬密对芳砜纶混纺织物性能的影响

探讨纬密对芳砜纶芳纶1313混纺织物性能的影响情况。采用不同纬密制织了二上二下方平织物和防撕裂格子织物,并测试了织物的厚度、经纬向撕裂强力、阻燃性能和透气性能。研究结果显示:在相同织物经纬密下,二上二下方平织物的厚度大于防撕裂格子织物厚度,其经纬向撕裂强力高于防撕裂格子织物,但防撕裂格子织物的阻燃性能和透气性能好于二上二下方平织物;纬密对两种组织织物的厚度及透气性影响都非常显著。指出:应根据产品使用要求,合理选择织物组织和纬密。     

Effect of woven fabric structure on the air permeability and moisture management properties

In this study, six different woven samples were produced on air jet loom with two different weave designs (i.e. 3/1 twill and 1/1 plain), three different picking sequences (i.e. single pick insertion (SPI), double pick insertion (DPI) and three pick insertion (3PI)). All the woven samples were singed, desized, bleached and finished together at industrial scale, as a single lot. The effect of these factors on the wetting, wicking and air permeability (AP) of the fabric samples was analysed. It was revealed that the fabric weave design and picking sequence has statistically significant effect on fabric wetting time, water spreading speed and AP of the fabric. It was found that fabrics woven in twill weave design and with simultaneous 3PI give significantly better AP, shorter wetting time and better water spreading rate as compared to plain woven fabrics and those with double or SPI. It could be concluded that the thermophysiological comfort of woven fabrics may be significantly improved simply by selecting a suitable weave design and picking sequence.     

阻燃棉织物结构与性能关系研究

以8种阻燃棉织物为试样,分析并测定织物组织、面密度、织物密度、纱线线密度和织物紧度等织物结构参数,以及拉伸性能、耐磨性、透气性、透湿性、刚柔性、悬垂性和阻燃性能等服用性能,并采用多因素方差分析、回归分析,探讨织物结构参数对服用性能的影响,最后通过模糊决策分析方法综合评价服用性能的优劣程度及织物适用性。结果表明织物组织和面密度对织物的拉伸性能、刚柔性、阻燃性能均有显著影响,且面密度与阻燃性能呈线性正相关;织物组织相同时,随着织物经密和纬密的增加,织物透湿率下降;6#试样适宜用作阻燃防护服,5#和6#两个试样都较适用于装饰用织物。     

Coolfibre织物的性能测试及优化设计

为了有效利用Coolfibre纤维的性能优势,开发Coolfibre织物,根据Coolfibre纤维(五叶形涤纶纤维)及长丝的结构、性能,开发了27种织物,通过测试这些织物的透气性、透湿性、吸湿保湿性、干燥性和强伸性,综合考虑织物的经久耐用和干爽舒适功能,应用模糊综合评价方法,优选出了比较理想的织物规格为:CF 167 dtex/C 18.2 tex 238/224平纹织物.     

纳米技术在仿荷叶织物上的应用

以荷叶效应为基础,从荷叶微米结构的乳突和纳米结构2方面综合仿制织物:选用线密度为160 dtex/48 f的涤纶超细海岛型纤维仿乳突直径,以采用绉组织和织物中加入高收缩涤纶丝的方法仿乳突的高度;用纳米TiO2仿纳米结构,进行纳米粒子的分散性研究。确定复合分散剂为月桂酸钠和聚丙烯酸铵,当月桂酸钠与聚丙烯酸铵的质量比为1∶1,超声时间为10 min时,分散效果比较理想。最后对仿荷叶织物的各项性能进行测试。结果表明:织物拒水性能大幅提高,透湿、透气性可以满足基本服用要求,悬垂性和耐皱性都较好,但织物的光泽不佳。     

基于芦山纱特征的三绞三罗织物性能分析及试织

芦山纱织物表面均匀分布稳定清晰的纱孔,呈现若隐若现的亮点而独具特色。文章对芦山纱独特的二绞二罗组织的结构进行了分析,研究了织物表面的细小纱孔和独特亮点等特征,并基于芦山纱以基础组织为地、罗组织为花的组织特征,进一步采用棉纱作经纬原料,以变化斜纹组织为地组织,三绞三罗组织为提花组织,研制了三绞三罗织物。根据不同经纬线密度的配置试织试样,对其进行织物悬垂性、折皱回复性、拉伸性能的测试。结果表明,经纬原料线密度配置与罗组织分布对织物的抗折皱性和拉伸强力具有一定的影响。     

Effect of elastane linear density and draft ratio on the physical and mechanical properties of core-spun cotton yarns

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of elastane linear density and draft ratio on the physical and mechanical properties of core-spun yarns. Twenty yarn samples were prepared on industrial scale in a spinning mill with two different yarn linear densities, each with different two elastane deniers and five draft ratios. It was found that core-spun yarn’s tenacity, elongation and hairiness are affected not only by the overall yarn linear density but also by the elastane linear density and the draft ratio. However, the effect of elastane linear density and draft ratio was not found to be statistically significant on the yarn mass variations and total imperfections, which are only affected by the overall yarn liner density. A statistically significant interaction for yarn elongation at break was found between the yarn liner density and the elastane linear density concluding that elastane linear density used in the core must be compatible with the overall yarn liner density for attaining the best yarn elongation.     

玻璃纤维织物结构参数对隔声性能的影响

为研究玻璃纤维织物的隔声性能,选择EW100、EW200和EW300 3种不同经纬密度、线密度和层数的玻璃纤维平纹织物,采用混响室一消声室法对织物的隔声性能进行测试,比较分析织物面密度、厚度、透气性、纱线单丝根数等参数对隔声性能的影响.结果表明:随织物面密度、厚度、纱线单丝根数的增加和透气性的减少,其隔声效果增强;玻纤织物对声波高频段的隔声好于中低频段的隔声;玻纤织物的隔声性能不但与织物的面密度有关,还与织物的透气性有关;在透气性较好时,其隔声量对织物的面密度具有一定的加和性,而在透气性较差时,其材料内部对声波的吸收所产生的隔声量贡献远大于面密度的贡献.     

织物结构对吸湿快干面料导湿性能的影响

为开发符合市场需求的吸湿快干涤纶织物,以国产吸湿快干低弹网络涤丝为原料,试制了具有不同密度和不同组织结构的系列织物,并采用毛细效应和水滴扩散试验测试其吸湿导湿性能,探讨了影响织物吸湿导湿性能的因素。分析表明织物的吸湿导湿性与织物组织结构、密度及经纬纱交织频率等有着密切的关系。纬密过高或过低、交织频率较大的平纹组织与交织频率较小的16枚缎纹组织均不利于导湿性能的提高。当经纬密度分别为64、40根/cm、组织为5枚缎纹或4枚斜纹时,织物的吸湿导湿性能较优。     

BP神经网络预测降落伞绸透气性的研究

透气性是降落伞绸的重要性能指标。降落伞绸织物的纱线线密度和织物密度、厚度、面密度及织物组织等结构参数与其透气量存在非线性的关系,由于织物结构各参数间的非线性关系及多个影响因素共同对织物的透气性能的作用,织物结构参数与其透气性能之间很难用传统数学、力学的方法来描述。人工神经网络能够处理复杂的非线性关系。本课题研究了利用人工神经网络来预测降落伞绸织物的透气性能,以期代替传统的测试方法,从而在新品种设计时对织物的参数设定提供指导。     

Influence of some sewing parameters upon the sewing efficiency of denim fabrics

This paper reports an experimental investigation of the effect of the seam threads linear density, the stitch density and some fabric properties on the seam efficiency. Furthermore, on the basis of the seam quality parameters, regression models were determined in order to predict seam efficiency. In this work, 18 denim fabrics, having different compositions and masses, were sewn with two commercial sewing threads. Their performances, ranked according to the seam quality, were also determined. The seam efficiency was calculated by determining of the seam tensile strength and the fabric tensile strength. It was concluded that the increase in the seam thread linear density increases the seam efficiency, as well as the stitch density. However, the fabric mass has a random effect on seam efficiency. About the composition, we conclude that the seam efficiency decreases with polyester but increases with elastane. According to the seam direction, it was found that, in the weft direction, the seam efficiency was more important than in the warp direction.     

Acoustic performance of woven fabrics in relation to structural parameters and air permeability

This work deals with the study of the acoustic characteristics of woven fabrics in relation to fabric structural parameters and air permeability. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, sound absorption coefficient of woven fabric samples was determined via impedance tube method. Samples with various pick densities and yarn twist were used. The effect of fabric thickness was analyzed using three and six layered test samples. Results showed that, while for all samples the minimum values of sound absorption were observed at frequency bands of 250 and 2000?Hz, the maximum sound absorption occurred at the frequency of 1000?Hz. Results also indicated that fabrics woven at pick density of 30?thread/cm exhibited higher sound absorption than fabrics woven at other pick densities. It was found that, noise reduction coefficient of three and six layered samples, woven at low pick densities showed significant increases in comparison to those woven at high pick densities. It was also established that samples woven with lower weft yarn twist absorb sound wave more efficiently. It was concluded that fabric air permeability can be used as a criterion of sound absorption behavior of woven fabrics.