纬编针织增强复合材料的拉伸性能

在电脑横机上用玻璃纤维编织4种不同结构的针织物,作为纬编针织增强复合材料的增强体。采用VARTM工艺复合加工,对这4种纬编针织增强复合材料的纵、横向拉伸性能进行测试,并对拉伸应力与应变特征曲线进行分析;阐述集圈、浮线对纬编针织增强复合材料拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:取向度和拉伸方向上受力纱线根数是影响这4种结构增强复合材料拉伸性能的主要因素;复合材料的破坏形式说明玻璃纤维针织物增强体与树脂结合良好,有潜在的应用价值。     

玄武岩纤维机织针织复合结构增强复合材料的拉伸性能

根据新型机织针织复合织物的结构特点,分别选用不同线密度的高强高模玄武岩纤维作为经纱、纬纱和针织纱编织织物,以其作为增强体,采用VARTM工艺制作玄武岩纤维/乙烯复合材料.为提供这种新型织物增强复合材料的应用依据,测试了复合材料的横向、纵向和斜向拉伸性能,并对各个方向的拉伸应力与应变特征曲线及其拉伸断裂形态进行分析,对比...     

Mechanical properties improvement of silane addition epoxy/3D orthogonal woven composite material

In this study, the influence of silane addition on mechanical properties of epoxy/3D orthogonal glass fiber woven composite was studied. The KH560 silane modification composite specimen reinforced with 3D orthogonal woven fabric/epoxy was manufactured by means of Resin Infusion under Flexible Tooling. The mechanical properties of the epoxy/3D glass fiber woven composites were characterized by tensile and bending tests. The tensile and bending properties of silane-modified 3D orthogonal woven glass composite in warp and weft directions were compared with the pristine or epoxy/glass composite material not coupled using silane. The results show that the tensile and bending properties in warp and weft directions have been improved due to the silane addition. The bonding strength between the fiber and matrix was improved and the delamination and debonding between fiber and matrix was retarded and shifted to cohesive failure of the matrix due to the silane modification. Electron microscopy of the fracture and failure modes of the test specimens were used to support the results and conclusions.     

双轴向纬编织物热塑性单层板的拉伸性能

采用以纬平针为地组织,经纬向衬入玻璃纤维和聚丙烯纤维的双轴向纬编结构预型件,利用热压方法制备复合材料单层板,研究了双轴向纬编针织物热塑性单层板的拉伸性能以及拉伸各向异性。通过改变衬纬玻璃纤维长丝的线密度,分析了纤维体积含量对材料初始模量和断裂强度的影响关系,并对材料的断裂形式进行了分析。试验表明,双轴向纬编织物热塑性复合材料的轴向拉伸和非轴向拉伸的力学性能有较大差异,材料的轴向拉伸初始模量和断裂强度与纤维体积含量成正比,衬纱的引入提高了针织物复合材料的力学性能。     

玄武岩纤维机织针织复合织物增强复合材料的弯曲性能

根据新型的机织针织复合织物的结构特点,分别选用不同线密度的高强高模玄武岩纤维作为经纱、纬纱和针织纱编织这种织物,以其作为增强体,采用VARTM工艺制作了玄武岩纤维/乙烯复合材料。为提供该新型织物增强复合材料的应用依据,测试了复合材料的横向、纵向和斜向弯曲性能,并对各个方向的弯曲载荷-挠度特征曲线及其弯曲断裂形态进行了分析。研究结果表明：这种复合材料具有较好的轴向弯曲性能,横向和纵向的弯曲性能均优于斜向,其弯曲断裂都表现一定的塑性,弯曲能量基本相近。     

3D woven green composites from textile waste: mechanical performance

Application of textile waste for development of value added green composites has been carried out in this work. Textile fabric waste is collected from various sources. These waste materials are garneted, so as to produce loose fibrous material, subsequently this fibrous material was converted into twisted strand for manufacturing of 3D woven preforms for production of composites. Twisted strands are converted into orthogonal 3D woven structure. The fibers extracted from waste material are combined with polypropylene in 60/40 proportion. Composites of various specifications are developed to examine their end-use applications. These composite materials are characterized for their mechanical behavior to find out the response against tensile loading, flexural stress, and impact force. The effects of moisture absorption on mechanical properties of composites are investigated. 3D woven fabric reinforced composites produced by using waste fiber yarn and normal cotton OE yarn do not exhibit any significant difference in the mechanical behavior of composite. This result confirmed that waste material can be safely used as reinforcing structure in green composite manufacturing.     

Warp and weft directional tensile properties of multistitched biaxial woven E-glass/polyester composites

The objective of this research work was to understand the warp and weft directional tensile properties of the two-dimensional multistitched multilayer E-glass/polyester woven composites. The warp and weft directional specific tensile strength and modulus of unstitched structure were higher than those of multistitched structures as stitching caused minor warp and weft yarn filament breakages. Contrarily, the specific tensile strains of unstitched structure were slightly lower than those of all multistitched structures. The stitching yarn type, the number of stitching directions, and the stitching density generally influenced the warp and weft directional tensile properties of multistitched E-glass/polyester woven composites. The failure of warp and weft directional multistitched woven E-glass/polyester composite structures was matrix breakages, and partial and complete yarn breakages in their surfaces. They had a local delamination in their cross-sections and the delamination did not propagate to the large areas due to multidirectional stitching. Also, the failure was confined at a narrow area and resulted in the catastrophic fiber breakages. The warp and weft directional specific damaged areas of multistitched structures, in particular four-directional stitching, were significantly lower than those of the unstitched structures. This indicated that the multistitching made the structures better damage-tolerance materials.     

玻璃纤维/光敏树脂复合材料的3D打印及其力学性能

为解决光固化3D打印树脂材料强度低的问题,将玻璃纤维与光敏树脂复合,采用光固化3D打印技术制备玻璃纤维增强复合材料,分析了玻璃纤维经硅烷偶联剂改性处理以及玻璃纤维的铺层方式对复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明:玻璃纤维可提升复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度,相比于未处理的玻璃纤维,经硅烷偶联剂处理的玻璃纤维对复合材料力学性能...     

光催化竹炭纤维针织面料的开发及性能研究

采用双罗纹组织将精梳棉纱、精梳棉与光催化竹炭纤维(50/50)混纺纱和光催化竹炭纤维纯纺纱进行编织,成功开发出了一系列纬编针织物。介绍了编织工艺,分析了织物的基本参数,并测试其力学性能和舒适性指标,分析了光催化竹炭纤维的含量对织物性能的影响。结果表明:随着光催化竹炭纤维含量的增加,织物的拉伸断裂强力、顶破强力和平磨后的质量损失率均呈减小的趋势,动、静态悬垂系数均呈增大的趋势,纵、横向抗弯长度均减小,透气率逐渐增大,克罗值、保温率先减小后增大,纵、横向芯吸高度逐渐增大,并且织物纵向的毛细管效应优于横向。     

Development of Apparels from Silk Waste and Pineapple Leaf Fiber

The degummed mulberry silk waste and eri silk waste were blended with degummed and bleached pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) at fiber stage in different proportions, and spun into yarn in a jute spinning system. The 90-tex blended yarn thus developed was analyzed for different physico-mechanical properties. Properties of fabric developed in a traditional handloom using 2/40-s cotton as warp and blended yarn as weft were also analyzed. The quality parameters, viz., tensile property, crease recovery, fabric cover, stiffness, drape, and thickness of the developed fabric, met essential apparel requirements. A comparative subjective evaluation of the fabric quality, viz., aesthetic appearance, luster, and texture, was made with the help of a group of people from different age, educational, and occupational background to examine its marketability; all respondents felt that appearance of PALF with silk waste was excellent. Texture and luster were found to be from medium to moderate. About 95% of respondents felt that fabric was crispy.     

Analysis of mechanical and dimensional properties of the denim fabrics produced with double-core and core-spun weft yarns with different weft densities

Elastic structures are preferred for improving the elasticity and recovery properties of denim fabrics. With the intention of improving comfort during body movements in denim jeans, 10–35% elasticity is required. In this study, the effect of the composition of double-core (dual-core) and core-spun weft yarns and weft density on the mechanical properties of denim fabrics was investigated. For this purpose, different core materials were used in the production of elastic yarns. The sheath material was cotton for all yarn types. Yarn samples were spun with the same yarn count and twist coefficient. 100% cotton Ne 8/1 Ring slub warp yarns were used as warp yarn while double-core and core-spun yarns were used as weft yarns in weaving. The weaving process was performed with three different weft density values (16, 22, and 28 weft /cm) and the other production parameters were kept constant. Twill 3/1 woven fabrics were treated according to standard denim finishing procedures. After domestic washing processes, mechanical properties of the samples were tested and statistically evaluated.     

体积含量对织物/水泥复合材料弯曲性能的影响

采用无碱玻璃纤维机织物,制备了不同体积含量的织物增强水泥基复合材料,通过三点弯曲抗折强度试验和断裂面形貌数码照片分析,研究了织物体积含量对机织物增强水泥基复合材料弯曲性能的影响。研究结果表明,玻璃纤维机织物体积含量从1%上升到5%时,织物增强水泥复合材料全载荷挠度曲线的形状和弹性模量没有明显变化,经向抗折强度从8.5 MPa上升到17.8 MPa,纬向抗折强度从8.1 MPa上升到17.2 MPa,但增加的幅度与聚合物基单向复合材料纵向强度的混合定律不相符,断裂能从0.53 kJ/m2上升到1.89 kJ/m2,且增加的幅度明显增大。     

柔丝织物紫外线透射性能分析

为研究柔丝织物紫外线透射性能,在同一工艺条件下织造不同规格的柔丝织物,通过对织物在280～400 nm波长范围内紫外线透过率测试,分析柔丝纤维比例、纱线纤度、纬纱密度等结构参数对紫外线透射性能的影响。研究发现:柔丝纤维中存在大量对紫外线有吸收作用的物质,使柔丝织物具有较好的防紫外线性能;随着柔丝纤维比例、纱线纤度、纬纱密度的增加,试样紫外线透过率呈下降的趋势;各结构参数对紫外线透过率影响程度大小顺序为:柔丝纤维比例、纱线纤度、纬纱密度。     

Investigation of mechanical behavior of woven/knitted hybrid composites

The objective of this research is to develop the woven/knitted hybrid composites for improved in plane as well as out of plane mechanical properties. Two different type of structures and two different materials were used in this study. Firstly, the woven and knitted fabrics were developed with glass and Kevlar yarn. Secondly, the laminated composite samples were fabricated with different stacking sequence of fabric plies. The epoxy resin was used as matrix. The cured samples were characterized for impact, tensile and dynamic mechanical properties. The behavior of composite materials was then analyzed with percentages of different fiber and fabric types. The samples with higher percentages of knitted reinforcement gave better impact strength but failed to provide better tensile properties. Moreover, the samples with higher percentages of woven structure and glass materials gives better modulus values.     

三维正交机织复合材料的冲后压缩性能

为揭示纱线张力对三维机织复合材料抗冲击及冲后压缩性能的影响规律,基于多剑杆织造工艺,配置不同接结纱张力(25、50、100 cN)织造三维正交机织物,通过真空辅助树脂传递模塑成型工艺制备复合材料,并在室温下进行低速冲击及冲后压缩性能测试。结果表明：当接结纱张力为100 cN时,试样在冲击载荷下发生表层树脂大面积破裂和剥离并使纬纱失去支撑,同时,试样表层纬纱发生较大卷曲,促使压缩载荷发生屈曲失效;接结纱张力为100 cN试样的压缩性能相比接结纱张力为25 cN试样下降约50%;接结纱张力较高时易导致纬纱卷曲增大和树脂富集,并由此降低试样的弯曲刚度和冲后压缩性能。     

高硅氧玻璃纤维对多孔碳基复合材料力学性能的影响

为提高碳基复合材料的力学性能,采用高硅氧玻璃纤维改性酚醛泡沫,通过发泡法制备碳基复合材料前驱体,并对其进行碳化得到多孔碳基复合材料.利用悬臂梁冲击试验机、微机控制电子万能试验机对该多孔碳基复合材料的力学性能进行表征,研究高硅氧玻璃纤维的质量分数、长度及纤维直径对多孔碳基复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明,纤维直径为6.5μm的玻璃纤维增强效果最明显,且当玻璃纤维质量分数为6%,纤维长度为6mm时,碳基复合材料的力学性能最优,此时复合材料压缩强度为0.36MPa,冲击强度为1.43kJ/m~2,弯曲强度为0.47MPa.     

Potentiality of Indian pineapple leaf fiber for apparels

The use of textile-grade fiber extracted from the Indian pineapple leaf is an unexplored area. Pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) is fine, soft, and moderately strong and is much acceptable for fashion garment. An attempt has been made to extract and soften Indian PALF from the pineapple leaves by decortication and subsequent water retting. Decorticated cum retted fiber has shown better physicomechanical and surface appearance properties than decorticated fiber. Fine yarn (38 tex) was spun in a suitable spinning system, and the property performance was found to be suitable to make eco-sustainable novelty fabric. Fabric was developed by using cotton as warp yarn and PALF-based yarn as weft in a handloom. The developed fabric shows very good physical and mechanical properties, desired for apparels. This inferred that Indian PALF may be successfully used to make eco-niche apparel quality fabric as well as novelty textiles.     

The effect of mass irregularities of weft yarns on fabric surface protrusion

Fabric surface unevenness and defects are usually created by yarn irregularity and defects in weaving process. These unevenness and irregularities appear on fabric and affect various fabric properties. In order to investigate weft yarn mass irregularities on fabric surface unevenness and defects, various plain fabric samples were prepared in which they differ only in weft yarn mass irregularity. One of the effective factors on fabric surface unevenness is yarn protrusion in fabric structure. Yarn protrusion in fabric structure is influenced by yarn’s physical and mechanical properties and fabric structural characteristics. In this work, relationship between mass irregularities of weft yarn and fabric surface unevenness was investigated using angular power spectrum curve, a measure of yarn protrusion in fabric structures. The results showed a high significant correlation between these two parameters.     

The Using of Nettle Fiber in Towel Production and Investigation of the Performance Properties

In this study, using of nettle fiber, a natural fiber, in towel production and the selected performance properties were examined. Six different towel samples were produced in the study. Ground warp yarns of all towels are cotton. Three different raw materials as weft yarns and two different raw materials as pile warp yarns were selected. The yarn containing nettle fiber (70% cotton/30% nettle) was used in weft direction. The performance parameters such as water absorbency, softness, quick drying of samples, and antibacterial activity for two bacteria were investigated for before and after household washing. As a result, it was seen that the nettle fiber can be used as an alternative in towel industry.     

The functionality of woven fabric from air-jet yarn from the mixture of CO/PA and CO/PES fibres in the weft direction

The purpose of presented research is to find out the influence of air-jet yarn from the mixture of CO/PA (50/50) and CO/PES (67/33) fibres on functionality of woven fabric in the plain weave.The first part of the study is directed to the mechanical and physical properties of air-jet yarns (16.7 tex) from CO/PA and CO/PES fibres, while the second part of the study focuses on permeability properties of fabrics with air-jet yarns in the weft. The results show that air-jet yarn in the weft direction influences on the water vapor transmission and thermal conduction increase and air permeability decrease.Incorporation of air-jet yarn in the weft direction also improves breaking extension level.The results of presented research also show that the incorporation of air-jet yarn in the weft has statistical important influence on thermal conduction, water-vapor and air permeability changes.