纳米Al2O3/2024铝基复合材料的显微组织及力学性能

利用球磨预分散-搅拌铸造法制备纳米Al2O3/2024复合材料,并对所制备的铝基复合材料进行了显微组织及力学性能的研究。结果表明,经球磨预分散后,纳米颗粒团聚现象明显消除,纳米Al2O3呈单颗粒分散于Al粉表面;复合粉体添加法有效避免了超细增强颗粒和基体润湿性差和分散性较差的问题,实现纳米Al2O3颗粒均匀弥散分布于基体合金中;纳米Al2O3颗粒的加入显著提高基体合金的力学性能。与传统搅拌铸造相比,所制备的Al2O3/2024复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和显微硬度分别提高了58%、59%和16%。     

纳米SiCw增强铝基复合材料的搅拌摩擦加工制备

用搅拌摩擦加工法制备纳米SiCw增强ZL114A铝基复合材料,并对其组织及性能进行分析.结果表明,在30 mm×6mm形成了结构致密,无明显疏松、孔洞的搅拌摩擦复合区,复合区晶粒细小,搅拌摩擦中心区SiCw分布较均匀.该复合材料经T6热处理后强化效果不明显,SiCw主要起韧化作用,搅拌摩擦中心区硬度及抗拉强度略有下降,但伸长率得到改善,比基材提高111.4％.     

Al2O3纤维增强铝基复合材料储能焊接头微观组织分析

应用自制微型储能电阻焊机对Al2O3纤维增强铝基复合材料进行了点焊连接，分析了接头的组织形貌。在储能焊接头中形成了规则的扁平熔核，复合材料基体与熔核金属过渡良好。极短的焊接时间和大的冷却速率使共晶Si显著细化。细小的共晶Si颗粒均匀分布于铝基体中，形成与MMCs不同的基体组织。少量Al2O3纤维发生了一定程度的破碎，大部分纤维仍保持其原有的形貌特征，随机分布于熔核金属基体中。适当增大电极压力，焊前对复合材料做除氢处理并保持干燥是减小和消除气孔、提高和改善MMCs储能焊接头质量的有效途径。     

时效处理对Al2O3/CuCrZr复合材料干摩擦磨损性能的影响

通过粉末冶金结合热挤压工艺制备出Al2O3颗粒增强Cu-Cr-Zr基复合材料,研究了时效处理工艺对该复合材料干摩擦磨损行为的影响.结果表明,经过480℃×1h时效处理后,在复合材料的基体中形成细小弥散的共格沉淀相,使其硬度提高并得到良好的导电性能.加入Al2O3颗粒显著提高了复合材料的耐磨性和摩擦的平稳性.磨损机理分析表明,恰当的时效处理工艺使复合材料基体的力学性能提高,摩擦过程中亚表层变形程度显著降低,避免了严重粘着转移的发生,改善了复合材料的耐磨性能.     

无压浸渗法制备Al2O3颗粒增强铝基复合材料

采用无压浸渗法制备了Al2O3/Al复合材料,研究了材料的微观组织与力学性能。复合材料组织致密,颗粒分布均匀,无偏聚现象。铸造态复合材料的Al2O3颗粒表面存在界面反应物,经过透射电镜观察和XRD分析确认该反应物为MgAl2O4。T6处理后界面反应程度加剧,但弯曲强度达到439.4MPa,断口中撕裂棱和韧窝的数量较少,以颗粒的脆性断裂为主。Al2O3/Al复合材料中界面反应的存在提高了润湿性,促进了无压自发浸渗。     

Al2O3/TiB2/Al复合材料的微观结构和高温力学性能

以细雾化铝粉和TiB₂颗粒为原料,通过粉末冶金和热轧制制备微米TiB₂和纳米Al₂O₃颗粒增强铝基复合材料。室温时,由于TiB₂和Al₂O₃的综合强化作用,Al₂O₃/TiB₂/Al复合材料的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别为258.7 MPa和279.3 MPa,测试温度升至350℃时,TiB₂颗粒的增强效果显著减弱,原位纳米Al₂O₃颗粒与位错的交互作用使得复合材料的屈服强度和抗拉强度达到98.2MPa和122.5 MPa。经350℃退火1000 h后,由于纳米Al₂O₃对晶界的钉扎作用抑制晶粒长大,强度和硬度未发生显著的降低。     

《搅拌摩擦加工制备GNPs/Al复合材料的微观结构与力学性能》

本文以纯铝为基体,利用搅拌摩擦加工(FSP)制备GNPs/Al复合材料,研究了复合材料基体组织、增强相与界面等微观结构与力学性能,探讨了其增强机理。结果表明,添加GNPs并经FSP后复合材料基体晶粒得到明显细化且晶界由小角度为主转变为大角度为主;FSP制备过程致使GNPs片层一定程度剥离的同时,较大片径的GNPs被破碎而形成众多边缘缺陷,使其易发生Al-C原子扩散,结果在GNPs边缘与基体形成界面过渡;GNPs加入量约1.8vol%时,复合材料的屈服强度和抗拉强度达到72MPa和147MPa,较同等条件FSP的基体分别提高了89.5%和79.3%,理论计算界面载荷传递、Orowan和细晶强化依次是复合材料的主要增强机制;随着GNPs加入量的增加,复合材料屈服强度实验值与理论值的增长趋势一致,且偏差也略有提高,但可能因GNPs在复合材料中的杂乱排布,界面载荷传递强化不能充分发挥,实际的复合材料屈服强度与理论值尚有差距。     

搅拌摩擦加工法制备铝基复合材料组织与性能研究

用搅拌摩擦加工法制备碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料,并对其组织及硬度进行了分析。结果表明:搅拌摩擦中心区晶粒尺寸与轴肩变形区相似,晶粒比较细小;搅拌摩擦区边界的晶粒组织发生了明显的塑性变形,晶粒被扭曲拉长。碳纳米管在搅拌摩擦中心区均匀分散,和基体结合良好。碳纳米管对基材有明显的强化作用,搅拌摩擦中心区硬度在55 HV左右,是纯铝的2倍。     

Al2O3颗粒直径对1 vol%的Al2O3/Cu基复合材料组织和性能的影响

采用粉末冶金法+热压工艺制备了不同Al₂O₃颗粒直径的1 vol%Al₂O₃/Cu基复合材料,使用光学显微镜和扫描电镜(SEM)观察了复合材料的显微组织,利用电子拉伸试验机测试了复合材料的力学性能。基于弹/塑性理论推导出了复合材料中颗粒周边的弹性区宽度的表达式。结果表明：Al₂O₃颗粒直径对Al₂O₃/Cu基复合材料强度及基体晶粒尺寸有着较大的影响;Al₂O₃颗粒直径越大,Al₂O₃/Cu基复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度越小;当Al₂O₃颗粒直径为5μm时,Al₂O₃/Cu基复合材料的抗拉强度和屈服强度分别为207和90 MPa,是铜试样的95.8%和95.7%。     

Al2O3/Cu-WC复合材料载流磨损性能研究

对真空热压烧结的Al2O3/Cu-WC复合材料进行了载流磨损试验,并利用扫描电镜对复合材料的磨损表面及纵切面的微观形貌进行了观察和分析。结果表明,磨损率和摩擦因数随加载电流的增加而增大;磨损表面有WC颗粒的剥落和重新结晶的Al2O3颗粒,加剧了磨粒磨损,其主要磨损形式为粘着磨损、磨粒磨损、电烧蚀磨损。     

La2O3含量对搅拌摩擦加工制备Ni /Al复合材料组织和性能的影响

采用搅拌摩擦加工方法在Al基体中添加不同La₂O₃含量的混合粉末(Ni+La₂O₃),制备 (Ni+La₂O₃)/Al复合材料。采用SEM、EDS、 EPMA及XRD对复合区微观结构及相组成进行分析,采用室温拉伸试验对 (Ni+La₂O₃)/Al复合材料力学性能进行了测试。结果表明,随着La₂O₃含量的增加,(Ni+La₂O₃)/Al复合材料的组织和性能先变好后变差。当La₂O₃添加量达到5%时,复合材料中Al₃Ni增强颗粒分布均匀、颗粒数量最多,块状的Ni粉团聚减少,其抗拉强度达到最大值215MPa,相比Ni/Al复合材料(抗拉强度176MPa),其抗拉强度提高了22%;当La₂O₃的添加量为7%时,复合材料中Al₃Ni增强颗粒含量减少,块状Ni粉团聚重新出现,抗拉强度下降至201MPa。     

国外多孔基体氧化铝/氧化铝复合材料工程应用进展

氧化铝/氧化铝复合材料(Al2O3/Al2O3)是20世纪90年代兴起的一类连续陶瓷纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料,已经发展为与SiC/SiC、C/SiC等非氧化物陶瓷基复合材料并列的一类陶瓷基复合材料。与非氧化物陶瓷基复合材料相比,Al2O3/Al2O3具有长时抗氧化、高温耐腐蚀、低成本等独特优势,已经在航空发动机、地面燃气轮机等军民两用热结构材料领域展现出广阔的应用前景。本文从材料应用的角度出发,系统分析阐述了目前在Al2O3/Al2O3占主导地位的多孔基体Al2O3/Al2O3(P-Al2O3/Al2O3)的增韧机制、成型工艺和性能特点,重点归纳了国外近年来P-Al2O3/Al2O3的工程化应用进展及前景,最后指出了P-Al2O3/Al2O3存在的局限性并展望了未来发展方向,旨在为国内Al2O3/Al2O3体系发展提供借鉴和参考。     

Fabrication of A356 composite reinforced with micro and nano Al2O3 particles by a developed compocasting method and study of its properties

Aluminum/alumina composites are used in automotive and aerospace industries due to their low density and good mechanical strength. In this study, compocasting was used to fabricate aluminum-matrix composite reinforced with micro and nano-alumina particles. Different weight fractions of micro (3, 5 and 7.5 wt.%) and nano (1, 2, 3 and 4 wt.%) alumina particles were injected by argon gas into the semi-solid state A356 aluminum alloy and stirred by a mechanical stirrer with different speeds of 200, 300 and 450 rpm. The microstructure of the composite samples was investigated by Optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Also, density and hardness variation of micro and nano composites were measured. The microstructure study results revealed that application of compocasting process led to a transformation of a dendritic to a nondendritic structure of the matrix alloy. The SEM micrographs revealed that Al₂O₃ nano particles were surrounded by silicon eutectic and inclined to move toward inter-dendritic regions. They were dispersed uniformly in the matrix when 1, 2 and 3 wt.% nano Al₂O₃ or 3 and 5 wt.% micro Al₂O₃ was added, while, further increase in Al₂O₃ (4 wt.% nano Al₂O₃ and 7.5 wt.% micro Al₂O₃) led to agglomeration. The density measurements showed that the amount of porosity in the composites increased with increasing weight fraction and speed of stirring and decreasing particle size. The hardness results indicated that the hardness of the composites increased with decreasing size and increasing weight fraction of particles.     

采用搅拌摩擦焊方法制备的非晶增强铝基复合材料的微观组织分析

利用金相、EDS、XRD及TEM试验等对采用源于搅拌摩擦焊方法的搅拌摩擦加工技术制备的非晶增强铝基复合材料的微观组织结构进行试验分析.结果表明,非晶增强体与基体5A06铝合金经过搅拌摩擦加工过程充分的搅拌作用,获得了层状混和组织结构.复合材料中存在大量的90~400 nm纳米级组织,主要由-αA l与-αA l非晶组织构成.纳米级组织的存在有助于复合材料性能的提高,而非晶结构的存在表明非晶增强体在搅拌摩擦加工过程中并未完全晶化.     

Al_2O_3/MoS_2复合涂层的制备及摩擦磨损性能

以大气等离子喷涂工艺制备的Al_2O_3陶瓷涂层为模板,利用陶瓷涂层中存在的孔隙和微裂纹,采用水热反应在其内部原位合成具有润滑特性的MoS_2,制备出Al_2O_3/MoS_2的复合涂层。结果表明,通过水热反应在陶瓷涂层原有的微观缺陷中成功合成了MoS_2,合成的MoS_2固体粉末呈类球形状,并且这球状的粉末是由纳米片层状的MoS_2搭建组成的。摩擦试验结果表明,与纯Al_2O_3涂层相比,复合涂层中由于MoS_2润滑膜的形成,其摩擦因数和磨损率都显著降低,且载荷越大,复合涂层的摩擦性能越好。     

搅拌摩擦加工修复AA5083/T2紫铜爆炸复合板界面

基于多道次搅拌摩擦加工(M-FSP)修复AA5083/T2紫铜爆炸复合板的界面缺陷,探讨界面形貌和界面结合机制.结果表明,搅拌摩擦加工过程中的高旋转速度和低前进速度会产生更多的热量.当旋转速度设定在1200 r/min,前进速度设定在30 mm/min,搭边量设定在2/24时,AA5083/T2紫铜复合板经多道次搅拌摩...     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al2O3-Cr2O3 composite coatings produced by atmospheric plasma spraying

Al₂O₃, Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃ and Cr₂O₃ coatings were deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying. Phase composition of powders and as-sprayed coatings was determined by X-ray diffraction. Electron probe microanalyzer was employed to investigate the polished and fractured surface morphologies of the coatings. Mechanical properties including microhardness, fracture toughness and bending strength were evaluated. The results indicate that the addition of Cr₂O₃ is conducive to the stabilization of α-Al₂O₃. Compared with the pure Al₂O₃ and Cr₂O₃ coatings, Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃ composite coatings show lower porosities and denser structures. Heterogeneous nucleation of α-Al₂O₃ occurs over the isostructural Cr₂O₃ lamellae and partial solid solution of Al₂O₃ and Cr₂O₃ might be occurring as well. Furthermore, grain refining and solid solution strengthening facilitate the mechanical property enhancement of Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃ composite coatings.     

Preparation, microstructure and properties of molybdenum alloys reinforced by in-situ Al2O3 particles

The conventional molybdenum alloys, lacking of hard particles enhancing wear property, have relative poor wear resistance though they are widely used in wear parts. To resolve the above question, Mo alloys reinforced by in-situ Al₂O₃ particles are developed using powder metallurgy method. The in-situ α-Al₂O₃ particles in molybdenum matrix are obtained by the decomposition of aluminum nitrate after liquid-solid incorporation of MoO₂ and Al(NO₃)₃ aqueous solution. The α-Al₂O₃ particles well bonded with molybdenum distribute evenly in matrix of Mo alloys, which refine grains of alloys and increase hardness of alloys. The absolute density of alloy increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of Al₂O₃ content, while the relative density rises continuously. The friction coefficient of alloy, fluctuating around 0.5, is slightly influenced by Al₂O₃. However, the wear resistance of alloy obviously affected by the Al₂O₃ particles rises remarkably with the increasing of Al₂O₃ content. The Al₂O₃ particles can efficiently resist micro-cutting to protect molybdenum matrix, and therefore enhances the wear resistance of Mo alloy.     

三元共晶成分Al2O3/YAG/ZrO2粉体及陶瓷的制备与组织性能研究

本文采用醇水共沉淀法制备了三元共晶成分Al₂O₃/YAG/ZrO₂粉体,在600-1350_oC温度范围煅烧后研究其物相转变过程。经1300_oC煅烧后Al₂O₃/YAG/ZrO₂共晶成分粉体的物相由α-Al₂O₃、c-ZrO₂和YAG构成,且具有α-Al₂O₃相包裹c-ZrO₂相的特殊结构。将煅烧粉体在1550_oC下热压烧结,制备具有内晶型结构的共晶成分Al₂O₃/YAG/ZrO₂复相陶瓷,其致密度、室温抗弯强度、断裂韧性和高温(1000_oC)抗弯强度分别为98.8%、420 MPa、3.69 MPa.m_1/2和464 MPa,并对复相陶瓷组织结构的形成机理进行了探讨。     

Surface integrity and material removal mechanisms associated with the EDM of Al2O3 ceramic composite

Electric discharge machining (EDM) has been proven as an alternate process for machining complex and intricate shapes from the conductive ceramic composites. The performance and reliability of electrical discharge machined ceramic composite components are influenced by strength degradation due to EDM-induced damage. The success of electric discharge machined components in real applications relies on the understanding of material removal mechanisms and the relationship between the EDM parameters and formation of surface and subsurface damages. This paper presents a detailed investigation of machining characteristics, surface integrity and material removal mechanisms of advanced ceramic composite Al₂O₃–SiC_w–TiC with EDM. The surface and subsurface damages have also been assessed and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results provide valuable insight into the dependence of damage and the mechanisms of material removal on EDM conditions.