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1.
Sterol metabolism studies were carried out in rats maintained on a diet containing a polyene antibiotic, candicidin, (30 mg/kg/day)
for 2-1/2 months. Compared to the controls, the candicidintreated animals had a smaller food intake and weight gain during
this period. There was no difference between the 2 groups in serum cholesterol levels, biliary cholesterol or bile acid concentrations.
However, in the experimental group, liver cholesterol content decreased by 27% and hepatic HMG-CoA reductase increased by
36%. Candicidin administration produced an 84% increase in neutral sterol output without change in bile acid output. Cholesterol
absorption was reduced 80% by candicidin feeding. The weight of ventral prostate was reduced 33% by candicidin administration.
Prostatic HMG-CoA reductase levels were 3 times higher than those of the liver, but enzyme activity was unchanged by candicidin
treatment. 相似文献
2.
The metal complexes of amine-carboxyborane including copper, chromium, zinc, calcium amd cobalt were effective hypolipidemic agents lowering both serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels significantly in mice at 8 mg/kg/day, I.P. after 16 days. The agents reduced acetyl CoA synthetase, ATP-dependent citrate lyase, acyl CoA cholesterol acyl transferase, sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyl transferase activities of rat liver and small intestinal mucosa after 14 days treatment. The neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase activity was elevated by the agents in both tissues. The metal complexes altered lipid levels in the bile of rats after treatment as well as the bile acid composition after 14 days administration, orally. The agents blocked enterohepatic absorption of cholesterol from rat isolated intestinal loops. 相似文献
3.
Burnham BS Sood A Tomasz J Powell WJ Spielvogel BF Chen SY Hall IH 《Metal-Based Drugs》1996,3(4):173-183
The boronated nucleosides with varying bases and sugar moieties were shown to be potent hypolipidemic agents in rodents. The 3'- aminocynaoborane dideoxythymidine derivative caused reductions in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, tissue lipids, VLDL and LDL cholesterol levels while elevating HDL cholesterol levels in rodents. The agents suppressed rat hepatic acetyl CoA synthetase, HMG-CoA reductase, acyl-CoA cholesterol acyl transferase, phosphatidylate phosphohydrolase and lipoprotein lipase activities while elevating cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase activity from 25 to 100 muM. 相似文献
4.
The addition of total phospholipids, phosphatidylcholines, triglycerides, cholesterol or glycerol to incubation media containing
rat pancreatic juice and bile labeled with [9,103H2] oleic acid (90% of the radioactivity present as phospholipids) had no effect on the hydrolysis of bile endogenous phospholipids.
The introduction of 2 or 10 mg of phosphatidylcholines and 0.5 ml of bile (≈ 1.5 mg of phospholipids)into the rat upper duodenum
decreased the rate of absorption of rative bile phospholipids. It was not followed by an increase of free fatty acids released
from biliary phospholipids in the intestinal lumen. The introduction of bile (0.5 ml) and small amounts of triolein (1.4–3.5
mg) into the duodenum had little effect on the rate of hydrolysis and absorption of native bile phospholipids, but caused
a reduced absorption of the free fatty acids released or those coming from initial nonphosphorus biliary lipids. The introduction
of bile (0.5 ml) and large amounts of triolein (30 mg) into the duodenum increased the rates of hydrolysis and absorption
of endogenous bile phospholipids. These observations suggest that luminal lipid components can modify the organization of
luminal micelles and, consequently, the action of the pancreatic phospholipase A2 and the absorption of bile lipids. 相似文献
5.
Marie-Laure Favier Pierre-Etienne Bost Christine Guittard Christian Demigné Christian Rémésy 《Lipids》1997,32(9):953-959
The effects of partially hydrolyzed, nonviscous, guar gum (PHGG) on cholesterol metabolism and digestive balance have been
compared with those of native guar gum (GUAR) in rats adapted to 0.4% cholesterol diets. Both types of guar gum elicited acidic
fermentations in the large intestine, but only GUAR effectively lowered plasma cholesterol (P<0.001), chiefly in the triglyceride-rich lipoprotein fraction. The biliary bile acid excretion was significantly enhanced
in rats fed GUAR (P<0.05), as well as the intestinal and cecal bile acid pool (P<0.001). In rats fed GUAR and to a lesser extent in those fed PHGG, the fecal excretion of bile acids and neutral sterol was
higher than in controls (P<0.01). The digestive balance (cholesterol intake-steroid excretion) was positive in control rats (+47 μmol/d), whereas it
was negative in rats fed GUAR (−20 μmol/d), which could involve a higher rate of endogenous cholesterol synthesis. In rats
fed PHGG, the steroid balance remained slightly positive. Liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase activity
was very low (22 pmol/min/mg protein), owing to cholesterol supplementation, in control rats or in rats fed PHGG, whereas
it was markedly higher (+463%) in rats fed GUAR. In conclusion, even if PHGG does alter some parameters of the enterohepatic
cycle of cholesterol and bile acids, its effects are not sufficient to elicit a significant cholesterol-lowering effect. The
intestinal (ileal or cecal) reabsorption of bile acids was not reduced, but rather increased, by GUAR; nevertheless the intestinal
capacities of reabsorption were overwhelmed by the enlargement of the digestive pool of bile acids. In the present model,
induction of HMG-CoA reductase probably takes place in the presence of elevated portal bile acid concentrations. 相似文献
6.
Rats of the Wistar and Sprague-Dawley strains were injected with sodium phenobarbital (100 mg/kg body wt/day) for 8 days. Fecal bile acid excretion was measured on days 6 and 8 of the experiment, and biliary bile acid composition, hepatic microsomal cholesterol, 7α-hydroxylase, and 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one 12α-hydroxylase were determined at the end of the study. In the Wistar rat, injection of phenobarbital produced a doubling of fecal bile acid output (controls, 5.3 mg/rat/day; treated rats, 10.6 mg/rat/day) and a two-three fold increase in cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase. The fecal bile acid output of Sprague-Dawley rats increased 20% in response to phenobarbital (controls, 9.5 mg/rat/day; treated rats, 11.6 mg/rat/day). The activity of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase remained unchanged. In both strains, phenobarbital treatment produced a decrease in the proportion of cholic acid in total biliary bile acids (controls, 85%; treated groups, 65%). This was associated with a decrease of 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one 12α-hydroxylase activity by ca. 50%. Biliary cholesterol concentrations were reduced in phenobarbital treated rats of both strains, but liver cholesterol concentrations remained unchanged. The drug produced a 25% increase in liver wt, on the average. 相似文献
7.
Several agents can alter biliary cholesterol secretion, critical for cholesterol excretion and gallstone formation. Although
salicylate effects on bile formation and gallstones have been studied, biliary lipid secretion has not been measured during
oral aspirin treatment. We examined whether oral acetylsalicylic acid affects bile lipid secretion. Three groups of young
rats were fed chow for 3 wk. Two of the groups then received aspirin at either 1.67 or 3.33 g/kg diet for 4 d. Serum, hepatic,
and bile lipids were measured, as were enzymes of cholesterol synthesis and esterification. With oral aspirin, bile cholesterol
secretion increased by 42% and hepatic cholesteryl ester content decreased by 40%. Serum cholesterol and hepatic free cholesterol
did not change. To evaluate mechanisms of the cholesterol hypersecretion, hypothyroid animals fed low-fat or fish oil diets
and repleted with triiodothyronine were also studied. Aspirin stimulated cholesterol secretion to a degree similar to triiodothyronine.
An additive response was seen in fish oilfed rats. Aspirin did not appear to have a primary action on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
reductase or acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase activities, and had no direct effect on esterification of cholesterol by
isolated hepatocytes. Aspirin may directly increase cholesterol transport into bile or have cell membrane effects which alter
cholesterol transport. It remains to be determined whether the observed alterations in bile cholesterol secretion are specific
to the rat or also apply to humans. 相似文献
8.
Roger L. Gebhard Stephen L. Ewing Linda A. Schlasner Donald B. Hunninghake William F. Prigge 《Lipids》1991,26(7):492-494
Mevalonic acid is an important biochemical intermediate in cholesterol synthesis and other processes involved in cell replication.
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase is the enzyme which catalyzes mevalonic acid synthesis. To determine
whether a potent competitive inhibitor of this enzyme, the drug simvastatin, may have an adverse effect on enterocyte cell
replication and cholesterol metabolism, small intestinal biopsies from nine hypercholesterolemic subjects were obtained before
and during treatment with simvastatin as a lipid-lowering agent. Histologic review of biopsies in a blinded manner detected
no change in ratio of villous length to crypt length or in mitotic index which might indicate altered cell replication. Similarly,
no significant change in measured activity of HMG-CoA reductase activity was observed. In spite of the high exposure of jejunal
mucosal cells to this potent competitive inhibitor of a key enzyme, no adverse effect on growth could be detected. 相似文献
9.
Sodium fusidate and its glycine conjugate, which have the same detergent properties as bile acids, significantly (p<0.05)
stimulate HMG-CoA reductase of cultured intestine below the critical micellar concentration (CMC) without affecting brush
border enzymes. Above CMC, both amphiphiles are cytotoxic. At concentrations between 1 and 5 mM, sodium fusidate decreased
cholesterol contents of cultured mucosa (p<0.05), the increase in synthesis only partially compensating for the sterol loss.
Oxygenated sterols, 7-keto- and 25-hydroxycholesterol, also depleted mucosal cholesterol at 0.5 mM, exerting their effect
differently by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase (p<0.01). In contrast to their marked effect on total mucosal cholesterol contents,
brush border cholesterol was unaffected by both cholesterol and bile acid analogs. 相似文献
10.
Many aspects of lipid metabolism have been studied in amphibians, but seasonal lipid modulation in male and female frogs has
not been investigated. We describe here the yearlong patterns of hepatic lipid content and enzyme activities related to cholesterol
homeostasis, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity and acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase
(ACAT) activity in liver of the male and female frog,Rana esculenta. Lipid storage follows distinct seasonal patterns, with an increase in June that is more pronounced in the female than in
the male frog. Cholesterol content and cholesterol storage as cholesteryl ester in male liver are consistent with the activity
of HMG-CoA reductase and of ACAT enzymes. HMG-CoA reductase activity of the female frog shows an extra peak in fall unrelated
to cholesterol storage and probably related to the production of essential compound for oogenesis. 相似文献
11.
Murthy Akula R. K. Maguire James H. Alphin Robert S. Day Patricia A. Hall Iris H. 《Lipids》1986,21(10):617-622
Three- and 4-phenyl-piperidine-2,6-dione derivatives were investigated for hypolipidemic activity at 20 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally
in rodents. The 3-phenyl compound afforded the best activity and effectiveness in both normal and hyperlipidemia-induced mice.
The agent lowered lipids by blocking the de novo hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and triglycerides, specifically at the sites
of ATP-dependent citrate lyase, acetyl CoA synthetase,sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyl transferase and phosphatidylate phosphohydrolase. The agent caused a more rapid clearance of cholesterol
by the fecal route. Cholesterol levels of the chylomicrons, very low density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein (LDL)
were reduced, whereas high density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly elevated after drug administration. Triglyceride
content was lowered in the chylomicron and LDL fractions. These modulations of lipid content of serum lipoproteins by the
drug suggest a favorable situation for treatment of hyperlipidemic states. 相似文献
12.
2-(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)indan-1,3-dione was shown to be a potent hypolipidemic agent in rodents, lowering significantly both
serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels at 20 mg/kg/day. The agent in vivo inhibited the enzymatic activities of ATP-dependent
citrate lyase, acetyl-CoA synthetase, cholesterol-7α-hydroxylase, acyl-CoA cholesterol acyl transferase,sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyl transferase and phosphatidylate phosphohydrolase. Tissue lipid levels of liver and small intestine
also were reduced by the agent. The rat serum lipoprotein lipid content was modulated by the drug, which should be favorable
for the removable of cholesterol from peripheral tissue for conduction to the liver for clearance from the body. Low density
lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were reduced after treatment, which suggests that the agent potentially reduces deposition
of cholesterol in plaques. If chemotherapy for atherosclerosis is to be successful, then the high density lipoprotein (HDL)
cholesterol level needs to be elevated more than 16% to 25%, the level produced by current hypolipidemic agents. 2-(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)-indan-1,3-dione
offers a 75% increase in HDL cholesterol levels and a 30% reduction of LDL cholesterol levels with a suppression of de novo
synthesis of lipids and a reduction of tissue cholesterol deposition. 相似文献
13.
Polyoxyethalated cholesterol (POEC) is a water soluble derivative of cholesterol which decreases cholesterol absorption in
rats without affecting body weight, fatty acid excretion, or intestinal histology. In the present study rat feces were analyzed
for cholic, deoxycholic, chenodeoxycholic, muricholic and lithocholic acid following 3 months of feeding a standard or a 2%
enriched cholesterol diet with or without 1.5% POEC. In rats maintained on the cholesterol free diet, POEC increased total
bile acids (mg/day) by 50% from 14±3 to 21±3 (mean ±SEM) but only the increase in chenodeoxycholic acid was significant (P<0.05).
The corresponding POEC effect in the 2% cholesterol diet was 31% (70±8 to 93±3, P<0.01). Fecal nitrogen and serum cholesterol
did not vary among groups. Comparing these data with neutral steroid excretion previously determined showed that POEC in the
cholesterolfree diet increased the negative cholesterol balance more than three-fold (34±7vs 118±13 P<0.01). In rats fed 2% cholesterol, POEC caused a negative cholesterol balance of 222±8 compared to the control of
27±52 (P<0.01). The data indicate that POEC exerts complex effects in the intestinal tract which increase both bile acid and
cholesterol excretion. 相似文献
14.
The effects of aging on the hepatic metabolism of cholesterol were studied in 1-, 6- and 24-month-old male Sprague-Dawley
rats. Microsomal 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity, which regulates cholesterol biosynthesis,
decreased from 835±144 (SEM) pmol/min/mg protein in the youngest group to 219±34 and 205±53 pmol/min/mg protein (p<0.001)
in the 6- and 24-month-old groups, respectively. Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase activity, which governs bile acid synthesis, was
gradually reduced from 70±14 pmol/min/mg protein in the 1-month-old group to 32±7 and 16±3 pmol/min/mg protein (p<0.05) in
the 6- and 24-month-old groups, respectively. Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase activity, which catalyzes the esterification
of cholesterol, averaged 431±47 and 452 ±48 pmol/min/mg protein in the 1- and 6-month-old groups, respectively, and was increased
to 585±55 pmol/min/mg protein (p<0.05) in the 24-month-old group. The level of total cholesterol showed an age-related increase
from 1.56±0.16 mg/g liver in the 1-month-old group to 1.70±0.15 and 2.20±0.19 mg/g liver (p<0.05) in the 6- and 24-month-old
groups, respectively. The increase was mainly caused by an accumulation of esterified cholesterol. We conclude that a marked
decrease in HMG-CoA reductase occurs between 1 and 6 months of age; thereafter the enzyme activity stays unchanged. The activity
of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase decreases progressively and drastically with age, whereas the capacity for esterifying cholesterol
increases slightly. We speculate that the reduced conversion of cholesterol to bile acids may be one explanation of the age-related
increase of plasma cholesterol seen in rats. 相似文献
15.
The effect of oral administration of purified (95%) eicosapentaenoic acid on serum lipids, hepatic peroxisomal enzymes, antioxidant
enzymes and lipid peroxidation was compared with that of palmitic acid fed mice and corresponding controls. After 10 d, a
dose of 1000 mg eicosapentaenoic acid per day/kg body weight lowered serum triglycerides by 45%, while no significant change
in serum cholesterol level was noted in comparison to palmitic acid fed mice and controls. Hepatic acyl-CoA oxidase and catalase
activities increased by 50% and 30%, respectively, in the eicosapentaenoic acid fed group. In addition, the hepatic reduced
glutathione content and the activities of glutathione transferase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, increased
significantly during eicosapentaenoic acid treatment. The levels of hepatic lipid peroxides were lower after eicosapentaenoic
acid feeding, while no significant change was noted in the palmitic acid fed mice when compared to the controls. Taken together,
the present data demonstrate for the first time that at hypolipidemic doses eicosapentaenoic acid feeding i) enhances the
hepatic antioxidant defense, and ii) does not cause a significant differential induction of the two peroxisomal enzymes, acyl-CoA
oxidase and catalase, as was noted after administration of hypolipidemic peroxisome proliferating compounds, such as clofibrate
in rodents. 相似文献
16.
Acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (EC2.3.1.26, ACAT), responsible for intracellular esterification of cholesterol, may
play an important role in cholesterol trafficking within the cell, and thus, in maintenance of cellular cholesterol homeostasis.
Bile acids are potential regulators of cholesterol trafficking in the liver. Therefore, the effect of bile salts on hepatic
ACAT activity was studied in the perfused rat liver. ACAT activity was increased after liver perfusion with either taurocholate
or taurochenodeoxycholate. However, addition of these bile salts at physiological concentrationsin vitro had little effect on microsomal ACAT activity. The increase in hepatic ACAT activity due to perfusion with bile salts was
accompanied by reduced accumulation of very low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the perfusate, but there was no effect
on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity. Hepatic ACAT activity was decreased after bile diversion for four hours
in the intact animal. This treatment had no statistically significant effect on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity.
These data suggest that bile salts induce changes in hepatic compartmentation and traffic of cholesterol within the hepatocyte
accompanied by response of ACAT activity to maintain cellular cholesterol homeostasis. 相似文献
17.
Plasma cholesterol, arachidonic acid (AA, 20∶4n−6), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22∶6n−3) are higher in breast-fed infants
than in infants fed formula without cholesterol, AA, or DHA. This study investigated differences in plasma, hepatic, and bile
lipids and phospholipid fatty acids, and expression of hepatic proteins involved in sterol metabolism that result from feeding
formula with cholesterol with egg phospholipid to provide AA and DHA. For this study, three groups of piglets were evaluated:
piglets fed formula with 0.65 mmol/L cholesterol, the same formula with 0.8% AA and 0.2% DHA from egg phospholipid, and piglets
fed sow milk. Piglets fed the formula with phospholipid AA and DHA had higher plasma high density lipoprotein, but not apoprotein
(apo) B cholesterol or triglyceride; higher bile acid and phospholipid concentrations in bile; and higher liver and bile phospholipid
AA and DHA than piglets fed formula without AA and DHA (P<0.05). Hydroxy methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase and 7-α-hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzymes of cholesterol and bile
acid synthesis, respectively, and low density lipoprotein receptor mRNA levels were not different between piglets fed formula
without and with phospholipid AA and DHA, but HMG-CoA reductase and 7α-hydroxylase mRNA were higher, and plasma apo B containing
lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in all piglets fed formula than in piglets fed milk. These studies show that supplementing
formula with AA and DHA from egg phospholipid alters bile metabolism by increasing the bile AA and DHA, and bile acid and
phospholipid. 相似文献
18.
Naoyuki Matoba Syoji Kuroki Bertram I. Cohen Erwin H. Mosbach Charles K. McSherry 《Lipids》1988,23(5):465-468
The effect of 7-methyl substituted bile acid and bile alcohol analogues on cholesterol metabolism was studied in the hamster.
Animals were fed chow plus 0.1% cholesterol supplemented with 0.1% of one of the following steroids: chenodeoxycholic acid,
7-methyl-chenodeoxy-cholic acid, 7β-methyl-24-nor-5β-cholestane-3α,7α,25-triol, cholic acid, 7-methyl-cholic acid, or 7β-methyl-24-nor-5β-cholestane-3α,7α,12α,25-tetrol.
Cholesterol absorption was determined from fecal analysis after feeding of radiolabeled cholesterol and β-sitosterol.
Of the six compounds studied, chenodeoxycholic acid and 7-methyl-chenodeoxycholic acid decreased intestinal cholesterol absorption
(17% and 31% decrease, respectively). Only 7-methyl-chenodeoxycholic acid decreased serum cholesterol concentration (29% decrease),
but there were no analogous changes of liver and biliary cholesterol concentration and cholesterol saturation of bile. Total
fecal neutral sterol excretion was increased in the groups fed chenodeoxycholic acid and 7-methyl-chenodeoxycholic acid. In
addition, the production of coprostanol was increased in both groups. These data suggest that 7-methyl-chenodeoxycholic acid
resembles chenodeoxycholic acid in its effect on cholesterol metabolism and may be a potential candidate for further studies
of its gallstone-dissolving properties. 相似文献
19.
In this study, the effect of n-3 fatty acids (FA) [α-linolenic acid (ALA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] on the intestinal bile acid (BA) uptake, hepatic BA synthesis, and enterohepatic bile acid transporters (BAT) was assessed in young and aged dyslipidemic rats. Dyslipidemia was induced in young and aged rats by feeding a high-fat (HF) diet. Experimental groups received diets containing canola oil (HF + CNO) and fish oil (HF + FO) as a source of ALA and EPA + DHA, respectively. After 60 days of feeding, intestinal BA uptake and expression of apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (Asbt), organic solute transporter-alpha/beta (Osta/b) messenger RNA (mRNA), and hepatic expression of Na+ taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (Ntcp), bile salt export pump (Bsep), cholesterol 7-α hydroxylase A1 (Cyp7a1), Farnesoid X receptor (Fxr), small heterodimer partner-1 (Shp), liver receptor homolog-1 (Lrh-1), and hepatic nuclear factor-4 alpha (Hnf4a) mRNA were measured. Hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity and total BA in serum, liver, and feces were assessed. The dyslipidemic HF group had: (1) increased intestinal BA uptake and Asbt and Osta/b mRNA expression, (2) increased BA in serum, (3) decreased hepatic expression of Ntcp, Bsep, and Cyp7a1 mRNA, (4) increased activity of HMG-CoA reductase, (5) increased hepatic expression of Fxr and Shp mRNA, (6) decreased hepatic expression of Lrh-1 and Hnf4a mRNA, and (7) decreased BA in feces, when compared to control, HF + CNO, and HF + FO groups. Immunostaining revealed increased expression of intestinal Asbt and hepatic Ntcp protein in the HF group when compared to control, HF + CNO, and HF + FO groups. n-3 FA abrogated dyslipidemia-induced changes in the intestinal uptake, hepatic synthesis, and enterohepatic transporters of BA in both young and aged rats. EPA + DHA was more effective than ALA in modulating dyslipidemia-induced changes. 相似文献
20.
In the rat, both fish oil diet and thyroid hormone replacement are reported to augment bile cholesterol secretion out of proportion
to bile flow or secretion of other bile lipids. We sought common mechanisms for these effects and evaluated the role of phospholipid
fatty acid composition in the process. Methimazole-treated hypothyroid rats were fed low-fat chow or chow supplemented with
10% corn oil or fish oil, and were studied before and after thyroid hormone treatment. Serum, hepatic, and bile lipids were
measured, phospholipid fatty acid composition determined, and hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase activity assayed.
Fish oil diet stimulated cholesterol secretion into bile only after thyroid hormone was given, and this action was synergistic
with that of thyroid hormone. Reduced serum cholesterol in fish oil-treated rats was associated with increased biliary cholesterol
secretion and diminished hepatic cholesterol content. This suggests that augmented biliary cholesterol secretion may contribute
to the fish oil-induced reduction of serum cholesterol. No definite relationship between hepatic or biliary phospholipid fatty
acid composition and biliary secretion was apparent, although high bile cholesterol secretion was associated with a low percentage
of hepatic and bile phospholipid linoleic acid. 相似文献