新型(多喷嘴对置)水煤浆气化炉的开发

通过大型冷模和小型热模试验开发新型（多喷嘴对置）水煤浆气化炉,介绍了中试结果及其与德士古水煤浆气化技术的比较,并阐述了新型水煤浆气化炉的技术优势,结果表明,多喷嘴对置气化技术优于引进的德士古技术。     

多喷嘴对置水煤浆气化炉的开发与应用

介绍多喷嘴对置水煤浆气化炉的实验室研究及中试情况,并与Texaco水煤浆气化技术进行了比较,结果表明,多喷嘴对置气化技术优于Texaco技术。     

多喷嘴对置式气化炉中飞灰性质

On a laboratory scale opposed multi-burner gasifier (OMBG), the fly ashes at different sampling mouths are collected and analyzed by SEM, EDS, XRF and Malvern mastersizer. Most fly ash particles produced in the gasification are irregular, aggregate or spherical. As for the composition of the particles, carbon is the main content, while S, Fe and Na get enriched. At the same time, the concentration of Al and Si in the fly ash particles is lower than that in the original slag. From the nozzle plane to the exit of gasification chamber, the carbon content of particles decreases along the axes of gasifier. The carbon content of particles decreases rapidly from the nozzle plane to No. 7 sampling mouth and declines slowly from No. 7 sampling mouth to the chamber exit. The size of particles generated in the gasification appears a triple-humped-distribution with peaks at 0.1—0.2 μm, 2 μm and 14 μm. The particle size distribution in different sampling places is different. Above the impact plane, more ultra-fine particles are found and coarse particles are larger in location near the impact plane. In symmetrical up and down locations of the impact plane, the particle size distributions are similar, but there are more coarse particles below the impact plane. The coarse particle size decreases and the proportion of fine particles increases below the impact plane, while the proportion of coarse particles increases at the chamber exit.     

多喷嘴对置式气化炉与单喷嘴水煤浆气化炉运行分析

目前关于多喷嘴气化炉和GE单喷嘴水煤浆气化炉的优劣争论很多,特别是对于运行效率问题说法不一。本文通过生产中实测数据的对比,利用相对有效产气率这一概念,试图解决存在的争论,给出了分析煤气化效率的一个有效思路。     

多喷嘴对置式气化炉与单喷嘴水煤浆气化炉运行分析

目前关于多喷嘴气化炉和GE单喷嘴水煤浆气化炉的优劣争论很多,特别是对于运行效率问题,说法不一.本文通过生产中实测数据的对比,利用相对有效产气率这一概念,试图解决存在的争论,给出分析煤气化效率的一个有效思路.     

多喷嘴对置式气化炉内颗粒停留时间分布数学模拟研究

气流床气化炉中,颗粒停留时间分布是反映物料混合的重要特性,研究其规律对于改进炉内流场结构,优化运行参数和气化炉的宏观建模都具有重要的意义.通过建立三维CFD模型,研究了进口气速、颗粒粒径和密度等因素对颗粒停留时间分布规律的影响.模拟结果显示出与实验结果相同的规律.结果表明,在研究范围内,颗粒平均停留时间随着气速的增加,...     

气流床气化炉内颗粒停留时间分布

颗粒停留时间分布是气流床气化炉开发与设计的重要参数,实验设计一种新型脉冲示踪法测量了气流床气化炉内颗粒停留时间分布。初步研究了多喷嘴气化炉和Texaco气化炉内颗粒停留时间分布,分析了气速和颗粒粒径对两种气化炉内颗粒停留时间分布的影响。结果表明：该实验方法具有良好的重复性和可靠性,可以用于气流床气化炉内颗粒停留时间的测量;与Texaco气化炉相比,颗粒在多喷嘴气化炉内的停留时间分布更为合理; 随气速的增大和颗粒粒径的减小,两种气流床气化炉内的颗粒停留时间和方差都增大。     

新型多喷嘴对置式气化炉激冷室的改造

介绍了新型多喷嘴对置式气化炉激冷室工艺流程以及在工艺、设备内部结构上的优点,同时结合国泰公司四喷嘴气化炉激冷室运行情况,总结了静态破渣器、鼓泡床、托砖盘法兰及冲洗水、合成气出口挡板等内部件改造及应用情况,经过改造后,提高了气化炉激冷室运行周期,达到了集渣畅通、破泡条运行周期长、锅底温度可控等良好效果。     

多喷嘴对置式气化炉与单喷嘴水煤浆气化炉实际运行数据的比较与相关分析

目前关于多喷嘴气化炉和GE单喷嘴水煤浆气化炉工艺的优劣存在争议,特别是对运行效率问题,众说纷纭.本文通过实际生产中所测数据的对比,利用相对有效产气率这一概念,试图解决存在的争论,给出分析煤气化效率的一个有效思路.     

多喷嘴对置式气化炉带水问题研究

本文结合多年的操作经验,对多喷嘴对置式气化炉带水现象的原因,以及气化炉带水对正常生产操作的影响进行了分析探讨,并提出了改进措施,为加强气化炉运行操作、促进和改善气化系统的安全、稳定、长周期运行提供参考。     

气化炉停留时间分布的数学模型

本文给出了高径比、筒体出口通道面积各异的模型气化炉在不同射流速度时的冷态停留时间分布测试结果,提出了无因次停留时间分布密度函数的数学模型及参数估计值。     

气流床气化炉停留时间分布的随机模型

基于气流床气化炉流动特征 (区域模型 ) ,进行状态离散 ,建立停留时间分布随机模型。模拟结果与实验值相符 ,显示气化炉内是随机过程 ,证实炉内存在回流和短路 ,流型趋向于全混流     

运用马尔科夫链模拟气化炉停留时间分布

将连续时间马尔科夫链与多级全混流串联模型结合建立停留时间分布数学模型。通过对气化炉流场的认识,将气化炉划分为几个区域状态,组成马尔科夫链状态转移图,用多级全混流模型表示该各个区域的混合程度。通过对两种气化炉停留时间分布的模拟和实验值进行对比,结果比较吻合,表明该模型模拟气化炉停留时间分布是可行的。     

Stochastic Modeling of the Particle Residence Time Distribution in an Opposed Multi‐Burner Gasifier

The gasification technology of impinging streams has been extensively applied to chemical production and power generation. Particle residence time distribution (RTD) is an important parameter required for modeling, designing and optimization of an impinging stream gasifier. A stochastic mathematical model based on the Markov chains model is developed for the opposed multi‐burner gasifier (OMBG), which closely describes the behavior of the flow pattern and particle RTD in the gasification system. The model simulates the motion of single particle moving in the gasifier using the Markov chains. The predicted results give a reasonable fit to the experimental data. This shows that the flow process of particles in the gasifier has recirculation eddies, which have a downward flow direction near the downflow core and an upward flow direction near the wall, but no short‐circuit. Finally, the effect of particle flux rate on the RTD is predicted, and the contrast between gas and particles RTDs at a laboratory scale and in an industrial gasifier are presented.     

Mean Residence Time and Residence Time Distribution When Sawdust Is Dried in Continuous Dryers

Information on the mean residence time and the residence time distribution is of importance when optimizing a continuous dryer. In this study, an industrial method for determining the mean residence time is developed. The produced method is benchmarked on a laboratory scale against the stop-and-empty method. The method, which uses LiCl as the tracer does not cause any disturbances in the biofuel drying or pelleting processe.     

Characterization of the Residence Time Distribution in Spray Dryers

In this work it is presented a study on the residence time distribution (RTD) of particles in a co-current pilot-plant spray dryer operated with a rotary atomization system. A nuclear technique is applied to investigate the RTD responses of spray dryers. The methodology is based on the injection of a radioisotope tracer in the feed stream followed by the monitoring of its concentration at the outlet stream. The experiments were performed during the drying of aqueous suspensions of gadolinium oxide. The RTD responses obtained experimentally presented good reproducibility, indicating that the technique applied is well suited to investigating fluid-dynamics of spray dryers. In addition to the experimental investigation, a mathematical model was used to describe the RTD experimental curves.     

双螺杆挤出机中局部停留时间分布研究

双螺杆挤出机中停留时间分布(RTD)是量化聚合物流动和螺杆混合性能的一个重要参数.在线测量是获得RTD的重要手段,但以往实验设备多是单探头且只能在机头处测量全局RTD.本实验室开发了双探头在线荧光测试装置,可以安装在挤出机任何部位获得部分和全局RTD,且在高温高压下得到不失真信号.基于该测量装置研究了螺杆转速和喂料量对部分和全局停留时间分布的影响,结果表明增加螺杆转速和喂料量均使停留时间分布曲线向短时间方向移动,喂料量对曲线形状影响显著.同时对部分停留时间分布利用去卷积方法得到局部停留时间分布,它可以直接比较不同元件混合性能,为模型化双螺杆选择合适参数提供帮助.对停留时间分布的时间域进行转变,得到了相关于螺杆转数的停留转数分布(RRD)和相关于挤出物体积的停留体积分布(RVD),相同流量转速比(Q/N)条件下RRD和RVD形状趋于一致.     

复杂流动系统的停留时间分布

本文对具有多股进料和出料的一般系统的停留时间分布函数的叠加规则作了严格的论述和证明.文中给出了多级串联、每级有不同程度的非理想混和、各级容积不相等的流动系统的停留时间分布函数表达式,并讨论了这些结果对于各类系统的可能应用.     

循环流化床提升管中固体颗粒停留时间的分布

在内径１４０ｍｍ，高１０ｍ的循环流化床提升管中，采用磷光颗粒示踪法对床内固体颗粒的停留时间分布进行了测定。在气速１．５～９．０ｍ／ｓ，固体循环量１０～１４０ｋｇ／ｍ２ｓ的范围内，实验测得的停留时间分布曲线均有明显的双峰分布。这种双峰分布是由于提升管中弥散颗粒和颗粒团共同作用的结果。本文提出的一维两组分扩散叠加模型可较好地描述提升管中固体的混合行为。考察了在实验条件下，操作条件对固体混合行为的影响。发现：气速及固含对颗粒的轴向Ｐｅｃｌｅｔ数影响不大，提升管中颗粒的返混主要是由于颗粒团引起的。将研究结果与近期文献报道的其他研究进行了对比