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1.
Immunotherapy techniques,such as immune checkpoint inhibitors,chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cell therapies and cancer vaccines,have been burgeoning with great success,particularly for specific cancer types.However,side effects with fatal risks,dysfunction in tumor microenvironment and low immune response rates remain the bottlenecks in immunotherapy.Nano metal-organic frameworks(nMOFs),with an accurate structure and a narrow size distribution,are emerging as a solution to these problems.In addition to their function of temporospatial delivery,a large library of their compositions,together with flexibility in chemical interaction and inherent immune efficacy,offers opportunities for various designs of nMOFs for immunotherapy.In this review,we overview state-of-the-art research on nMOFs-based immunotherapies as well as their combination with other therapies.We demonstrate that nMOFs are predominantly customized for vaccine delivery or tumor-microenvironment modulation.Finally,a prospect of nMOFs in cancer immunotherapy will be discussed.  相似文献   

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Transition-metal oxides (TMOs) have gradually attracted attention from researchers as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of their high theoretical capacity.However,their poor cycling stability and inferior rate capability resulting from the large volume variation during the lithiation/sodiation process and their low intrinsic electronic conductivity limit their applications.To solve the problems of TMOs,carbon-based metal-oxide composites with complex structures derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising electrode materials for LIBs and SIBs.In this study,we adopted a facile interface-modulated method to synthesize yolk-shell carbon-based Co3O4 dodecahedrons derived from ZIF-67 zeolitic imidazolate frameworks.This strategy is based on the interface separation between the ZIF-67 core and the carbon-based shell during the pyrolysis process.The unique yolk-shell structure effectively accommodates the volume expansion during lithiation or sodiation,and the carbon matrix improves the electrical conductivity of the electrode.As an anode for LIBs,the yolk-shell Co3O4/C dodecahedrons exhibit a high specific capacity and excellent cycling stability (1,100 mAh·g-1 after 120 cycles at 200 mA·g-1).As an anode for SIBs,the composites exhibit an outstanding rate capability (307 mAh·g-1 at 1,000 mA·g-1 and 269 mAh·g-1 at 2,000 mA·g-1).Detailed electrochemical kinetic analysis indicates that the energy storage for Li+ and Na+ in yolk-shell Co3O4/C dodecahedrons shows a dominant capacitive behavior.This work introduces an effective approach for fabricating carbonbased metal-oxide composites by using MOFs as ideal precursors and as electrode materials to enhance the electrochemical performance of LIBs and SIBs.  相似文献   

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Functional,porous metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted much attention as a very flexible class of crystalline,porous materials.For more advanced applications that exploit photophysical properties,the fabrication of hierarchical assemblies,including the creation of MOF/MOF heterointerfaces,is important.For the manufacturing of superstructures with length scales well beyond that of the MOF pore size,layer-by-layer(Ibl)methods are particularly attractive.These allow the isoreticular approach to be extended to superstructures with micrometer length scales,a range that is not accessible using conventional MOF design.The Ibl approach further substantially extends the compositional diversity in MOFs.At the same time,the favorable elastic properties of MOFs allow for heteroepitaxial growth,even in the case of lattice misfits as large as 20%.While the MOF-on-MOF approach to designing multicomponent superstructures with synergistic multifunctionality can also be realized with sophisticated solvothermal synthesis schemes,the Ibl(or liquid-phase epitaxy)approach carries substantial advantages,in particular when it comes to the integration of such MOF superstructures into optical or electronic devices.While the structure vertical to the substrate can be adjusted using the Ibl method,photolithographic methods can be used for lateral structuring.In this review,we will discuss the Ibl liquid-phase epitaxy approach to growing surface-anchored MOF thins films(SURMOFs)as well as other relevant one-pot synthesis methods for constructing such hierarchically designed structures and their emerging applications.  相似文献   

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Emerging as an outperformed class of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),square-octahedron(soc)topology MOFs(soc-MOFs)feature superior properties of high porosity,large gas storage capacity,and excellent thermal/chemical stability.We report here an iron based soc-MOF,denoted as Fe-pbpta(H4pbpta=4,4',4',4'-(1,4-phenylenbis(pyridine-4,2-6-triyl))-tetrabenzoic acid)possessing a very high Brunauer,Emmett and Teller(BET)surface area of 4,937 m2/g and a large pore volume of 2.15 cm3/g.The MOF demonstrates by far the highest gravimetric uptake of 369 cm3(STP)/g under the DOE operational storage conditions(35 bar and 298 K)and a high volumetric deliverable capacity of 192 cc/cc at 298 K and 65 bar.Furthermore,Fe-pbpta exhibits high thermal and aqueous stability making it a promising candidate for on-board methane storage.  相似文献   

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采用溶剂热法制备了金属有机框架材料 MOF(Ni)-74及其与氧化石墨烯(GO)的复合材料 MOF(Ni)-GO,并利用线性伏安扫描(LSV)等电化学方法在 N2饱和的0.5 mol/L H2SO4溶液中对材料的电催化性能进行了检测.实验结果表明,GO 的掺杂能显著提升金属有机框架材料 MOF(Ni)-74的电催化活性.其中 GO 含量为8%时,所得复合材料表现出最好的电催化析氢活性,起始电势仅为-0.462 V,塔菲尔斜率为110 mV/dec,同时该材料也表现出很好的电化学稳定性.  相似文献   

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The effect of (Ba(0.6)Sr(0.4))TiO3(BST) addition on dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O(12) (CCTO) ceramic was investigated. Ceramic samples with the chemical formula (1-x)CaCu3Ti4O(12) + x(Ba(0.6),Sr(0.4))TiO3 (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2) were synthesized from high purity oxide powders by the conventional solid-state synthesis method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed the existence of BST as a secondary phase alongside CCTO. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigation showed a slight decrease in grain size of doped CCTO samples. Density measurements showed that porosity content increased with increasing BST addition indicating low densification due to high melting point secondary phase addition. Dielectric constant of undoped CCTO (x=0) showed lack of stability with frequency which dropped drastically between 104 and 105Hz and accompanied by high dielectric loss. Addition of BST into CCTO caused the dielectric constant to slightly decrease but improved stability with frequency compared to the undoped sample. The decrease in dielectric constant of doped CCTO samples was suggested to be partly due to the decrease in average grain size and increase in porosity with BST addition. Nevertheless, a high value of dielectric constant was still maintained around ~104 range for all doped samples. The dielectric loss (tanδ) of all BST-doped samples was lower than that of pure CCTO sample at the frequency range of 103 to 105 Hz probably due to the increase of grains boundary resistivity. The activation energy of grains boundary (E(gb)) showed higher values as compared to the activation energy of grains (Eg ) for all samples and conforms to the internal barrier layer capacitor (IBLC) model.  相似文献   

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MOFs材料合成及其对有机气体吸附研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
讨论了金属有机骨架(MOFs)材料的不同合成方法,并结合国内外研究现状分别分析了IRMOFs、MILs、ZIFs和PCN等系列MOFs材料对有机气体吸附的研究进展,比较其性能及分析研究中的难点,对MOFs材料在有机气体吸附领域的应用进行了展望。  相似文献   

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The principle of reticular chemistry has been widely used to guide the design of crystalline porous materials such as metal organic frameworks(MOFs)and covalent organic frameworks(COFs).While in the early strategies only the symmetries of the building blocks were considered for reticular synthesis of COFs,recently a few researches on COFs with hierarchical porosities indicate that connecting sequence of building blocks also plays a crucial role in determining crystalline structures of COFs.However,this important phenomenon has not been systematically investigated yet.In this article,a model system has been established to demonstrate how different connecting sequences of two C2v-symmetric building blocks lead to the formation of four two-dimensional(2D)COFs with distinct framework structures.To verify this concept,target synthesis was conducted to produce three COFs,whose structures were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction and pore size distribution analysis.  相似文献   

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The precise control on the combination of multiple metal atoms in the structure of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)endowed by reticular chemistry,allows the obtaining of materials with compositions that are programmed for achieving enhanced reactivity.The present work illustrates how through the transformation of MOFs with desired arrangements of metal cations,multi-metal spinel oxides with precise compositions can be obtained,and used as catalyst precursor for the reverse water-gas shift reaction.The differences in the spinel initial composition and structure,determined by neutron powder diffraction,influence the overall catalytic activity with changes in the process of in s itu formation of active,metal-oxide supported metal nanoparticles,which have been monitored and characterized with in situ X-ray diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy studies.  相似文献   

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Two metal–organic framework compounds, [Zn3(1,4-BDC)3(Py)2]·2(1,4-dioxane) (MOF-CJ6) and [Cd3(bpdc)3(H2O)2] (MOF-CJ7), have been solvothermally synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, X-ray powder diffraction, ICP, IR and photoluminescence spectroscopy analyses, respectively. MOF-CJ6 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n (no. 14) with a = 14.6886(14) Å, b = 9.6194(6) Å, c = 15.9161(16) Å and β = 105.687(6)°. Its framework can be described as a 2-D 36 tessellated net based on the assembly of trimeric Zn3(CO2)6 clusters and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylates ditopic links. The 2-D nets can be further linked into a novel 3-D supramolecular hexagonal lattice (hex) network through π–π packing interaction. MOF-CJ7 crystallizes in trigonal, space group R-3 (no. 148) with a = 14.1129(8) Å, b = 14.1129(8) Å, c = 20.1168(13) Å and γ = 120°. MOF-CJ7 exhibits analogous framework topology with that of MOF-CJ6, consisting of trimeric Cd3(CO2)6 clusters and 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylate links.  相似文献   

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Selective crystallization of organic frameworks is presented as a promising alternative to ion separation from competitive aqueous environments. The review focuses primarily on the principles determining ion selectivity in crystallization, as well as on structure–selectivity relationships. Specific examples involving anion separation by selective crystallization are discussed.  相似文献   

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共价有机骨架(COFs)具有良好的热稳定性,大的表面积,高的孔隙率和极低的密度,因而显示出优异的储氢性能。重点介绍了COFs储氢性能的研究进展和目前存在的问题,提出了今后的研究重点和发展方向。  相似文献   

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