不同强度级别帘线钢中钛夹杂性质的探索

为了实现高强度帘线钢中钛夹杂的有效控制,通过热力学理论分析结合真空感应炉实验,探究了不同强度级别帘线钢中钛夹杂的性质。结论如下:1)不同强度级别的帘线钢中钛夹杂析出的驱动力有差异,帘线钢强度级别越高,钛夹杂形成元素的过饱和度也越高,其形核-析出-长大的驱动力也就越大,从而加剧钛夹杂的析出和长大。2)帘线钢中同时存在钛的碳化物和钛的氮化物夹杂。随着帘线钢强度级别的提高,钛夹杂中碳化钛所占的摩尔分数呈增加的趋势,其析出的钛夹杂在金相显微镜下的颜色也随之变化。3)帘线钢强度级别越高,凝固过程中析出的钛夹杂平均尺寸增大,大颗粒钛夹杂的数量也越多。为有效控制超高强度级别帘线钢中的钛夹杂,必须对炼钢和连铸工艺进行更为苛刻的控制。     

帘线钢SWRH82A铸坯加热过程中钛夹杂的固溶

根据热力学和动力学理论,研究了过共析帘线钢SWRH82A铸坯中钛夹杂固溶的条件.研究表明:(1)当SWRH82A铸坯加热温度达到1 347 K时,奥氏体中TiN具备固溶的热力学条件;(2)当加热温度达到1 360 K时,Ti(C,N)夹杂将开始溶解;(3)在1 423~1 523 K的加热升温阶段,由于钛夹杂的分解并向奥氏体中扩散固溶,使得小颗粒钛夹杂逐渐消失,大颗粒钛夹杂尺寸变小;在铸坯高温加热后的冷却降温过程中,固溶在奥氏体深处的Ti和N会重新结合析出TiN夹杂,但缺少继续长大的动力学条件;固溶在残余钛夹杂周边奥氏体中的Ti和N会以残余钛夹杂为核心不断析出长大.     

帘线钢中钛夹杂形成的热力学分析

对帘线钢中TiN夹杂的形成热力学进行了计算,通过理论计算表明,在帘线钢凝固过程后期,固液界面的TiN平衡浓度积较低,易形成钛夹杂.相对碳含量较低的帘线钢而言,碳含量较高的帘线钢在凝固后期由于固液界面的温度较低,导致TiN平衡浓度积也较低,更易于形成钛夹杂.根据理论分析结果,采取了相应的技术措施,使与钛夹杂相关的帘线钢合格率得到明显提高.     

加热保温处理对重轨钢中MnS夹杂的影响

 以U75V高速重轨钢为例,研究了加热保温处理对MnS夹杂的影响。采用高温共聚焦激光显微镜分别对铸坯和钢轨中MnS夹杂在连续升温过程中的行为进行了动态原位观察,结果表明MnS夹杂在600~870℃发生球化,在1180℃左右时, MnS夹杂开始发生固溶。根据原位观察结果,在电阻炉中进行了加热保温处理实验。试验结果表明,830℃保温后,MnS夹杂尺寸只是略有减少,长宽比降低。在1180℃保温后,大型MnS夹杂数量明显减少,小尺寸MnS数量增多,且随保温时间的延长,夹杂物数量减少,长宽比进一步降低。通过加热保温处理可以改善重轨钢中长条状大型MnS夹杂。     

碳含量对帘线钢凝固析出TiN夹杂的影响

对含碳量(质量分数)分别为0.72%、0.82%和0.95%的帘线钢凝固析出TiN夹杂进行热力学研究,结果表明:碳含量对于不同强度级别的帘线钢中TiN夹杂的析出有着明显的影响.随着帘线钢碳含量增加,凝固前沿温度逐渐降低,析出TiN夹杂所需的氮钛活度积也逐渐下降.在相同的钢液初始Ti、N含量条件下,较高碳含量的帘线钢中析出的TiN夹杂尺寸会大于较低碳含量帘线钢中析出的TiN夹杂尺寸.为了控制超高强度级别的过共析帘线钢中TiN夹杂的析出对帘线钢加工性能的有害影响,必须通过冶炼工艺进一步降低钢液中的钛、氮含量.     

子午线轮胎用帘线钢非金属夹杂物的研究进展

随着汽车轻量化的发展,子午线轮胎用帘线钢对夹杂物的要求越趋严格。根据钢帘线用盘条对夹杂物的要求,综述了国内外帘线钢冶炼工艺和目前关于帘线钢中夹杂物的研究进展,并对未来需关注的夹杂物控制方向提出观点。随着90级极高强度级帘线钢将成为主流产品,富含Al_2O_3类夹杂物和钛夹杂物依旧是控制的重难点所在。除了进一步加强冶炼过程中夹杂物塑性化控制外,对于轧制和拉拔等各个环节中夹杂物的性质行为都应予以重视,从而更好地实现全过程控制。     

过共析帘线钢中Ti夹杂的析出热力学与形成机制

过共析帘线钢中析出的含Ti夹杂对钢丝拉拔性能产生有害影响,研究钢中Ti夹杂的析出行为对夹杂物性质控制以及钢材质量提高具有重要意义.考虑夹杂物析出对凝固前沿溶质浓度和温度影响下,基于传统Ohnaka模型建立了相应的耦合模型并以此计算了92级过共析帘线钢中TiN夹杂的析出热力学.结果表明,耦合模型条件下TiN夹杂的析出时间...     

帘线钢中Als热力学计算与含量控制

酒钢生产帘线钢中脆性夹杂物检出率68.3%,经过热力学计算可知帘线钢冶炼过程中平衡酸溶铝含量约3ppm,而在线分析钢液中的酸溶铝含量为20~40 ppm,钢中脆性夹杂物含量高是由钢中酸溶铝含量高所致,为提升帘线钢质量必须控制炼钢过程酸溶铝的含量,杜绝含铝合金的使用。     

帘线钢氮化钛夹杂的控制实践

为了降低帘线钢中的氮化钛夹杂,鞍钢股份有限公司炼钢总厂采用专用合金和专用钢水罐、转炉工序采取高拉碳一次点吹和低氮增碳剂、LF炉工序造泡沫渣和钢水弱脱氧、机前采取长水口吹氩等措施。结果表明,帘线钢氮化钛夹杂罚分由平均32.5降低到14.8,帘线钢实物质量得到提高。     

帘线钢轧制和拉拔过程中夹杂物变形能力的研究

对帘线钢热轧过程夹杂物变形能力及其影响因素进行了分析,并对帘线钢冷拉拔过程中夹杂物变形能力的影响因素进行了探讨。研究发现帘线钢热轧过程夹杂物的变形能力随夹杂物中Al_2O_3和(MgO+Al_2O_3)含量的增加呈现出先增加后降低的变化趋势。整体上看夹杂物热轧变形指数与夹杂物的固相线温度成反比,即随着夹杂物熔点的降低,夹杂物热轧过程中的变形能力增强。同时采用杨氏模量来评估帘线钢冷拉拔过程中夹杂物的变形能力。研究认为冷拔过程夹杂物变形能力与杨氏模量成反比,为了降低夹杂物引起的断丝率,应将帘线钢夹杂物控制到低杨氏模量区域,即SiO_2含量高且Al_2O_3含量极低的区域。     

钛强化对700MPa高强耐候钢性能的影响及改进

针对10和14mm厚规格700MPa级高强度耐候钢屈服强度和抗拉强度偏低的情况,利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜进行了组织观察,调查了炼钢和热轧工艺过程控制情况,研究了碳化钛的固溶和析出强化对力学性能的影响。结果表明,加热制度执行不够导致碳化钛未完全固溶,冷却温度控制偏高导致钛析出物粗化是造成性能不合的主要原因。通过成分优化及工艺制度调整,实现了碳化钛的充分固溶,提高了钛析出强化效果,解决了力学性能不合的问题。     

Research progress on non- metallic inclusion in tire cord steel for radial tire

With the development of automobile lightweight, the requirements of steel cord for radial tire on inclusions are becoming more stringent. According to the demands of steel cord wire rod on inclusions, the smelting technology at home and abroad and the research progress on the inclusions in the steel cord at present were summarized, and some views on the control direction in future were put forward. With the 90 grade ultra high strength tire cord steel becoming the mainstream product, the Al2O3- rich type inclusion and titanium inclusion remains a difficult point of control. In addition to further strengthening the plasticity control of the inclusions in the process of smelting, the attention also should be paid on the properties and behaviors of the inclusions in each link such as rolling and drawing process, so as to better realize the whole- process control.     

铝镇静钢连续退火相变行为与抗应变时效性能

针对冷轧态低碳铝镇静钢,基于连续升温过程中的物相转变行为解析,开展连续退火过程中两相区保温时间对其物相组织及抗应变时效性能的试验研究。结果表明,试验用低碳铝镇静钢在890 ℃高温保温5 s时,铁素体基体中仍残留有少量珠光体,渗碳体及氮化物析出不明显;延长保温时间至60 s后,铁素体晶粒粗化、珠光体基本消失,碳化物在晶内大量析出,同时析出部分纳米级AlN和Ti(C,N)颗粒。另外,随着保温时间从5 s延长至60 s,平均时效指数由64.1 MPa大幅降至31.5 MPa。本研究可为低碳铝镇静钢连续退火工艺优化提供参考。     

Precipitation and Solid Solution of Titanium Carbonitride Inclusions in Hypereutectoid Tire Cord Steel

The properties of titanium carbonitride Ti(C_xN_(1-x))inclusions precipitated during solidification of tire cord steels and the thermodynamic conditions for their decomposition and solid solution during billet heating were investigated using a thermodynamics method.The solid solution of Ti(C_xN_(1-x))inclusions during high-temperature heating was also studied experimentally.The results revealed that:(1)the higher the content of carbon in the tire cord steel is,the greater the value of xin the Ti(C_xN_(1-x))inclusions is;(2)the higher the content of carbon in the tire cord steel is,the earlier the Ti(C_xN_(1-x))inclusions precipitated during the solidification process and the lower the solidification front temperature is during precipitation;(3)when an 82 Asteel sample was heated to 1 087℃,the Ti(C_xN_(1-x))inclusions possess the thermodynamic conditions of decomposition and solid solution;and(4)when 82 Asamples were heated to 1 150 and 1 250 ℃,the total number of Ti(C_xN_(1-x))inclusions larger than 5 μm in diameter decreased by55.0% and 70.3%,respectively.In addition,although smaller inclusions with diameter less than 2 μm continued to decompose when the sample was heated at 1 250℃for 2 hand then cooled to 1 000℃in the furnace,the number of inclusions larger than 5 μm in diameter increased.     

Precipitation of titanium nitride in low-alloyed steel during cooling and deformation

The precipitation of titanium nitride in undeformed solid carbon-manganese steel has been investigated by means of metallography and electron microscopy at in-situ melted samples the cooling of which was interrupted at different temperatures for a defined time. The deformation-induced precipitation of titanium nitride was studied on samples which were in-situ melted in a torsion plastometer, deformed after solidification, re-deformed after a holding time, and quenched. Additionally, 50 mm slabs were investigated after direct rolling in a pilot plant, partially with a preceding soaking. In the range of delta ferrite fast homogenization of segregated titanium takes place. No TiN nuclei were formed. In undeformed austenite some large precipitates were formed indicating the solidification structure. In the 1200 to 1100°C range particle sizes between 20 and 70 nm were reached. A high density of deformation-induced particles smaller than 10 nm could be obtained at or below 1050°C. The density of the particles increased with decreasing deformation temperature. After fast cooling, below 1000°C also in undeformed material finely dispersed precipitates were formed.     

钛/钢层合板轧制复合研究进展与展望

钛/钢层合板兼具钛的耐腐蚀性与钢的良好强度和塑性,广泛应用于海洋工程装备、水电站、核电站、核潜艇等领域.为进一步推动对钛/钢层合板的深入研究,促进钛/钢层合板的发展,对近年钛/钢层合板制备方法进行分析.分析发现轧制法作为一种经济、环保的制备方法,将会成为制备钛/钢层合板的主流工艺,因此重点讨论轧制钛/钢工艺参数、界面组...     

Precipitation behavior of titanium nitride on a primary inclusion particle during solidification of bearing steel

Titanium nitride precipitation on a primary inclusion particle during solidification of bearing steel has been tracked by varying temperature in a confocal scanning violet laser microscope.Upon precipitation,an obvious growth of titanium nitride on a primary inclusion particle was observed due to the rapid solute diffusion in liquid steel.The onset of titanium nitride precipitation did not change with primary inclusion particle size,but the time of growth was greater for a smaller primary inclusion particle.Meanwhile,the particle size displayed little influence on the total precipitated amount of titanium nitride on it under the same conditions.At the later period of solidification,almost no change occurred in inclusion size,but the inclusion shape varied from circle to almost square in two-dimension,or cubic in three-dimension,to attain the equilibrium with steel.     

轧制工艺对高强耐候钢表面氧化铁皮的影响

某钢铁企业开发铁道用高强耐候钢Q550NH,生产中存在的主要问题为钢卷表面存在大面积红锈状氧化铁皮及柳叶状氧化铁皮压入缺陷.通过采取调整在炉时间、除鳞道次、粗轧出口温度、热卷箱模式等轧制工艺参数,研究了高强耐候钢表面氧化铁皮解决方法.通过提高粗轧出口温度,红锈状氧化铁皮消失;控制粗轧出口温度,缩短在炉时间,增加除鳞道次...     

钢液凝固与冷却过程及固体钢加热过程钢中非金属夹杂物成分动力学转变的几个概念和特征曲线

利用钢中非金属夹杂物成分变化的集成模型,介绍了夹杂物成分随时间和冷却速率的变化,提出了夹杂物成分转变分数的概念,然后介绍了夹杂物成分转变的等温转变曲线（TTT）、连续冷却转变曲线（CCT）和等径转变曲线（TDT）的概念及应用.该集成模型考虑了钢液流动、传热、凝固和元素偏析,也考虑了钢与夹杂物反应的热力学和动力学.然后以管线钢、重轨钢和轴承钢为例,进一步分析讨论了钢液凝固与冷却过程中的冷却速率、固体钢加热过程中的加热温度和加热时间、钢成分以及夹杂物尺寸等参数对夹杂物成分转变的影响.这些概念和特征曲线能够直观展示在钢液凝固冷却过程及固体钢加热过程钢中非金属夹杂物的成分转变,将钢中夹杂物的控制方略从钢液拓展到固体钢中.     

厚规格高强度钢板探伤不合原因分析

针对某钢厂生产30 mm以上规格高强度钢板时突然出现大批量超声波探伤不合格的情况,利用金相显微镜、电子显微镜及电子探针等手段对钢板探伤不合部位进行了观察、分析。结果表明,钢板厚度中心位置硫化物、氧化物夹杂物聚集引起的微裂纹是造成探伤不合的主要原因。根据分析检测结果,提出了相应的工艺改进措施。