虎皮鸡爪油炸工艺优化

本文以虎皮鸡爪的油炸工艺为研究对象,以感官评价评分为指标,对油炸时间、油炸温度和油料比进行研究,进而通过单因素试验和正交试验,优化油炸工艺。结果表明,虎皮鸡爪的最佳油炸工艺条件为油炸温度150℃、油炸时间300s、油料比17∶1(mL∶g),从而为虎皮鸡爪油炸工艺的标准化和工业化提供了一定的参考。     

蛋糕的分类探讨

蛋糕分类具有重要意义,蛋糕分类作为"蛋糕制作"学科体系的核心,一直众说纷纭,莫衷一是,没有统一标准。对目前蛋糕分类的方式及存在问题进行分析,提出蛋糕分类依据和指标,按照科学性和实用性为原则,以蛋糕制作工艺的变革和现有市场需求下,提出蛋糕分类的方法,利于全面了解蛋糕制作工艺和制作原理,利于蛋糕新品的进一步开发。     

蛋糕的分类探讨

蛋糕分类具有重要意义,蛋糕分类作为"蛋糕制作"学科体系的核心,一直众说纷纭,莫衷一是,没有统一标准。对目前蛋糕分类的方式及存在问题进行分析,提出蛋糕分类依据和指标,按照科学性和实用性为原则,以蛋糕制作工艺的变革和现有市场需求下,提出蛋糕分类的方法,利于全面了解蛋糕制作工艺和制作原理,利于蛋糕新品的进一步开发。     

姜味天使蛋糕的研发

在普通的天使蛋糕制作工艺配方上添加姜末,研究姜味天使蛋糕的工艺配方。通过单因素试验和正交试验,研究蛋清、白砂糖、面粉、姜末等因素对姜味天使蛋糕的影响。结果表明:姜味天使蛋糕的最佳工艺配方是蛋清170 g、面粉50 g、姜末20 g、白砂糖100 g。     

情迷东方

1、福至咖啡杯连托碟系列440元/套4个(上海滩)数字5和蝙蝠的图样结合在一起成为了五福临门的美好祝愿。2、蛋糕刀及蛋糕托1070元/套(皇家雪兰莪) Amoroso系列的蛋糕刀及蛋糕托的设计使用了两心紧扣的"情人结",深情隽永,衬托这传统罗缎缎带纹饰,纹理鲜明,充满古典色彩。     

响应面分析优化虎皮凤爪膨润工艺

在单因素实验的基础上运用响应面(RSM)分析法对虎皮凤爪的膨润工艺进行优化。研究了浸泡温度、浸泡时间、NaOH溶液浓度对凤爪膨润效果的影响。结果表明,膨润的最佳工艺条件为:浸泡温度为39.89℃,浸泡时间为4.19h,NaOH溶液浓度为0.30%,此时虎皮凤爪的膨胀率为71.84%,与响应面模型的预测的膨胀率(72.16%)相吻合。     

纤维豆渣蛋糕的制作

重点探讨了蛋糕制作中加入豆渣粉的营养价值 ,以及影响豆渣蛋糕制作的工艺条件和因素 ,通过对不同工艺条件的研究 ,最终得到了最佳的产品配方和工艺条件。     

纤维豆渣蛋糕的制作

本文重点探讨了蛋糕制作中加入豆渣粉的营养价值,以及影响豆渣蛋糕制作的工艺条件和因素,通过对不同工艺条件的研究,最终得到了最佳的产品配方和工艺条件。     

蛋糕制作工艺与基本理论(12)

5．蛋糕制作中常见的缺陷和解决方法评判蛋糕制品的品质，不仅要看其外观形态、体积大小和色泽，还要对其内部组织结构、D感和风味等进行综合评价。蛋糕制品中的某一缺陷，往往不是由单一因素造成，须将各种相关因素综合考虑。如蛋糕的体积小，就有原料使用量不当、原料品质不良、操作失误等。近年来，由于科学技术的进步、生产设备的改善和新的食品添加剂——蛋糕乳化发泡剂的应用，使蛋糕的制作工艺越来越简单，蛋糕的品质也有很大提高。为了阐明蛋糕制作工艺与基本理论，本文仍沿用传统常规操作工艺（不使用蛋糕乳化发泡剂）制作蛋糕时…     

蛋糕油的制作及其对蛋糕质量影响的研究

采用三因素三水平的正交实验设计,制作了九种不同配方的蛋糕油,利用不同配方的蛋糕油采用一次搅打法制作蛋糕的烘焙实验来检验蛋糕油对蛋糕质量的影响,主要研究了蛋糕油的感官指标和蛋糕油的理化特性分析即打擦度、浆料比重、体积得率等三个指标,结果表明,蛋糕油的最优配方为分子蒸馏单甘酯14%、蔗糖脂肪酸酯9%、山梨醇10%。在确定最优配方的蛋糕油后,通过对蛋糕中添加蛋糕油的使用量、添加时间及烘焙方法等蛋糕油的工艺性特性进行研究,结果表明,蛋糕的烘焙工艺为在面粉用量100g、全蛋液200g时,蛋糕油适宜的使用量为20g;使用蛋糕油蛋糕的烘烤工艺中以入炉温度应在180℃,5min后提高到210℃进行烘烤最佳。本研究的目的为蛋糕油的生产和蛋糕的加工提供实验指导和理论依据。     

传统糕团类食品防腐保鲜技术的研究

本试验以传统糕团为研究对象,研制能够显著延长糕团保鲜期的复配型防腐剂.试验了五种防腐剂在传统糕团食品中的抑菌效果.研究结果表明,将尼泊金复合酯和双乙酸钠复配使用,可以显著提高传统糕团食品的保鲜期,又不影响其食用品质.     

Effect of soapwort extract on physical and sensory properties of sponge cakes and rheological properties of sponge cake batters

Soapwort extract yields relatively stable, soap-like foam in aqueous solution because of its saponin content. The objective of this study was to utilise the advantage of the high foam forming capacity of soapwort extract in the production of sponge cakes. Egg white proteins were partially replaced with soapwort extract in the sponge cake formulation. The effects of soapwort extract addition on the rheological and physical properties of cake batters and on the physical and sensory properties of sponge cakes were determined. Replacing egg white proteins with soapwort extract, up to 75% by weight, did not have any significant influence on the specific gravity of batters (p > 0.05). Addition of soapwort extract into the cake mixture did not influence the flow behaviour indices (n) of cake batters nor the consistency indices (K) of cake batters. In general, replacing egg white proteins with soapwort extracts (up to 75% by weight) did not alter physical properties of sponge cakes. Replacing egg white proteins with soapwort extract had no unfavourable influence on the sensory properties of sponge cakes. Indeed, sponge cakes formulated with soapwort extract (by replacing egg white proteins by 50% and 75% on weight basis) received significantly higher chewiness scores than did control cakes (p < 0.05). This study showed that egg white proteins could be partially replaced with soapwort extract in the formulation of sponge cakes.     

巧克力米饼的研制

通过对膨化巧克力米饼的工艺特性、影响巧克力米饼质量的因素等方面的研究,将巧克力涂衣技术与膨化技术相结合,确定了最佳工艺参数,制作出涂衣巧克力米饼。     

Optimization of microwave baking of model layer cakes

 Response surface methodology was used to optimize the formulation of microwave-baked cakes. The independent variables were water content, emulsifier content baking time, oven power, shortening content and starch type. The quality factors evaluated were specific gravity of batter and volume index, uniformity index and tenderness of the crumb. Constraints for quality factors were obtained by conventional baking of American Association of Cereal Chemists high-ratio cake formulation. Multiple contour plots showed the optimum region for various water and shortening combinations at different emulsifier, time and power levels. Cakes formulated with wheat starch, containing 0.3% polysorbate 60, 133.7% water and 45.2% shortening (flour substitute basis), baked for 6 min at 100% power yielded acceptable cakes that can compete with conventionally baked cakes. Rice and corn cakes had lower quality than conventionally baked high-ratio cakes. Power was found to be the most efficient independent variable affecting all the dependent variables. Received: 26 August 1999 / Revised version: 11 October 1999     

EFFECTS OF BAKING PARAMETERS ON THE WHITE LAYER CAKE QUALITY BY COMBINED USE OF CONVENTIONAL AND MICROWAVE OVENS

The effects of combined conventional and microwave oven baked white layer cake characteristics were studied. Two types of commercially milled wheat flour, white (A) and whole wheat (B), were used. The modified white layer cake making method was used for conducting the cake baking trials. The conventional baking times (8 or 11 min), microwave power (400 or 600 W) and microwave baking time (30, 40, or 50 s) were chosen as baking parameters. Conventional baking was applied to form the cake crust before baking with the microwave oven used to form the crumb of the cakes. The performance of combination baking was compared with the performance of conventional baking. The volume, bake loss, internal factors, and crust color of cakes were evaluated as quality characteristics. The bake losses of cakes using the combination of short oven times and low microwave power for selected microwave times were smaller than the bake losses of the control cakes for both flours. Long oven times and low microwave power increased the specific volume of cakes. Cakes baked from flours A and B exhibited similar internal properties. Oven time significantly affected the crust color of cakes made with flour A. The crust color of cakes made with flour B was similar to the crust color of control cakes. Using a combination of conventional and microwave baking produces cakes with qualities equivalent to the qualities of cakes produced with conventional baking.     

BACTERIAL COUNTS AND RANCIDITY ESTIMATES OF STORED QUICK-SALTED FISH CAKES

Total plate, halophilic and staphylococcal counts were determined in quick-salted fish cakes after 0, 1, 2 and 3 months' storage without packaging at an ambient temperature of 35–40°C. A rancidity (thiobarbituric acid or TBA) index was also determined in sun-dried and tunnel-dried cakes, before and after desalting, stored under the same conditions for the same lengths of time. Species studied were skipjack, mullet, Spanish mackerel and shark from the Gulf of California. It was found that total plate and halophilic counts behaved similarly, initially increasing with time, passing through a maximum, and then decreasing. Counts increased with decreasing salt and increasing moisture contents of the cakes. Maximum counts obtained were of the order of 10⁶ per gram for cakes made from shark, while negative counts were obtained with cakes made from skipjack after 3 months. No growth of staphylococci was obtained at any time in any of the plated dilutions (10⁻¹ to 10⁻⁶). Rancidity of the cakes increased with time, depending upon the following factors: oil content of the species; degree of unsaturation of the oil; drying time of the cakes; presence or absence of hematin pigments; presence or absence of sunlight when drying. Some of the rancid components in the cakes were removed by desalting in boiling water. In a limited taste panel evaluation of the cakes, order of preference was found to correlate well with decreasing rancidity     

棉籽饼粕在饲料中的应用

本文评述了开发棉籽饼粕对发展我国养殖业的作用；目前影响我国棉籽饼粕作饲料的一些原因；现行制油工艺生产的棉籽饼粕在饲料中的应用；我国研究的工厂化生产去毒棉籽饼粕的一些不同工艺等问题。     

广式月饼生产关键技术及设备进展

月饼生产要提高工作效率,保证产品质量和安全,必须要采用机械化、自动化生产设备代替传统的手工操作.现在生产必须采用月饼自动包馅机、成型机、排盘机,电热恒温隧道式烤炉、自动包装机.确保月饼轮廓分明,品名、花纹清晰,饼皮厚薄均匀,延长产品保质期,提高生产效率.生产月饼采用机械化、自动化设备,且在技术上不断创新、改进,完善,才...     

裱花蛋糕微生物污染情况调查分析

为了解裱花蛋糕微生物污染情况 ,对不同销售时间的裱花蛋糕及裱花蛋糕各生产环节进行了微生物学评价 ,对裱花蛋糕加工厂的卫生设施及卫生管理情况进行了调查研究。结果表明 ,裱花蛋糕微生物污染因素是多方面的 ,其中裱花蛋糕的储存、销售时间、奶油的使用、保存以及生产厂房的卫生设施情况是影响裱花蛋糕卫生质量的关键因素 ,建议制定专门的裱花蛋糕厂卫生规范。     

广式月饼加工工艺及品质评价研究进展

广式月饼是我国传统焙烤类食品,具有皮薄馅大、色泽金黄、口感细腻等特点,深受消费者喜爱。然而,在加工和储存过程中,广式月饼很容易受原料、烘焙条件、微生物等因素的影响,导致品质下降,从而造成经济损失及食品安全等问题。本文首先总结了广式月饼的分类及营养价值,在此基础上对广式月饼的加工工艺进行了系统阐述,主要从原料(面粉、油脂、转化糖浆、馅料),烘焙条件以及冷却包装三个方面进行了总结和分析;并从广式月饼的食用品质、理化特性、安全性三个方面重点综述了其品质评价指标及方法,最后对广式月饼存在的问题及重点研究方向进行了总结和展望。