磺酸盐类表面活性剂在三次采油中的应用

介绍了三次采油中应用的磺酸盐类表面活性剂的种类、性能、发展现状,总结了其复配体系的协同效应,同时指出磺酸盐类表面活性剂具有重要的实用价值和广阔的开发前景。     

三次采油用表面活性剂研究

介绍了常规的三次采油技术手段,如碱驱、聚合物驱、表面活性剂驱、三元复合驱和微生物驱等,并对各种技术手段的现状以及优缺点进行了总结。对三次采油技术将来的发展方向做了简要的讨论。     

表面活性剂在三次采油中的应用及展望

世界能源需求日益增长，只有进一步提高采收率才能使有限的石油资源得到充分利用。表面活性剂驱是化学驱的一种方式，本文综述了表面活性剂的种类、要求、驱油机理．并总结了国内表面活性剂驱在三次采油中的应用，同时对表面活性剂的发展提出了几点建议。     

三次采油用表面活性剂的制备、应用及进展

主要介绍和概述了三次采油(EOR)用表面活性剂的制备、性能、应用特点及其最新进展。阴离子型表面活性剂在三次采油中应用最为普遍，它们主要包括石油磺酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、石油羧酸盐、木质素磺酸盐等，而其中以磺酸盐型最多。三次采油用表面活性剂的研究趋向主要是耐高含盐量、耐高温、吸附损失低、成本低等方面。     

三次采油用表面活性剂的制备与应用及其进展

概述了石油磺酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、石油羧酸盐和木质素磺酸盐等的制备方法。阴离子型表面活性剂可用于各种表面活性剂驱中,在三次采油中应用最为普遍,其中以磺酸盐型最多。非离子表面活性剂也大量用于三次采油中,其优点是抗盐能力强,耐多价阳离子的性能好。但其在地层中的稳定性差,吸附量比阴离子表面活性剂高等缺点限制了其使用。两性表面活性剂可用于高矿化度、较高温度的油层驱油,但价格高。三次采油用表面活性剂的研究趋向主要是耐高含盐量、耐高温、吸附损失低及成本低等方面。     

大庆油田复合驱用表面活性剂的性能及发展方向

对大庆油田开展的三元复合驱进展概况作了综述,总结了国内外驱油用表面活性剂的研究现状和方向,提出了大庆油田复合驱用表面活性剂的性能指标和原料要求,以及大庆油田近期对表面活性剂的需求。针对目前形势,分析了复合驱用表面活性剂研制方面存在的问题及解决思路。     

重烷基苯磺酸盐在油田三次采油中的应用

简要介绍了油田三次采油的相关情况,系统介绍了重烷基苯磺酸盐在油田三元复合驱的应用及工业化生产过程,分析与探讨了重烷基苯磺酸盐工业化生产中的难点及在大庆油田的应用前景.     

三次采油用表面活性剂的研究现状与趋势

本文简要介绍了表面活性剂的结构、种类、性质，并对三次采油用表面活性剂的研究进展进行详细介绍，表明表面活性剂已在三次采油中得到了广泛的应用，并提出三次采油用表面活性剂的研究趋势。     

三采表活剂重烷基苯磺酸盐的工业化生产

本文详细介绍了把工业重烷基苯经过切割后有效组分通过开米松公司的降膜磺化装置磺化成用于大庆油田三次采油用表面活性剂的工艺控制条件及产品的性能特征。     

内循环曝气生物滤池-超滤工艺处理三元驱采油废水

采用三级内循环曝气生物滤池(BAF)-超滤联合工艺处理三元驱采油废水,研究了生物膜在BAF的分布特性,气水比对三级内循环BAF去除污染物的影响及联合工艺对三元驱采油废水的处理效果。结果表明,在优化的工艺条件下,经联合工艺处理后,废水COD和PAM的去除率均能达到90%,黏度降至1 mPa·s,出水各项指标符合SYT 5329—2012中渗透层注水水质标准要求。     

Characterizations of surfactant synthesized from Jatropha oil and its application in enhanced oil recovery

Surfactants are frequently used in chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) as it reduces the interfacial tension (IFT) to an ultra‐low value and also alter the wettability of oil‐wet rock, which are important mechanisms for EOR. However, most of the commercial surfactants used in chemical EOR are very expensive. In view of that an attempt has been made to synthesis an anionic surfactant from non‐edible Jatropha oil for its application in EOR. Synthesized surfactant was characterized by FTIR, NMR, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimeter analyser, FESEM, and EDX analysis. Thermal degradability study of the surfactant shows no significant loss till the conventional reservoir temperature. The ability of the surfactant for its use in chemical EOR has been tested by measuring its physicochemical properties, viz., reduction of surface tension, IFT and wettability alteration. The surfactant solution shows a surface tension value of 31.6 mN/m at its critical micelle concentration (CMC). An ultra‐low IFT of 0.0917 mN/m is obtained at CMC of surfactant solution, which is further reduced to 0.00108 mN/m at optimum salinity. The synthesized surfactant alters the oil‐wet quartz surface to water‐wet which favors enhanced recovery of oil. Flooding experiments were conducted with surfactant slugs with different concentrations. Encouraging results with additional recovery more than 25% of original oil in place above the conventional water flooding have been observed. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 2731–2741, 2017     

Surfactant flooding characteristics of dodecyl alkyl sulfate for enhanced oil recovery

Surfactant-enhanced oil recovery is a type of enhanced oil recovery (EOR), a method to produce residual oil by injecting surfactant solution into the reservoir. The application of surfactant EOR requires knowledge of the phase behavior for more efficient production of residual oil.In this study, the relationship between dodecyl alkyl sulfate and some specific crude oils was examined through phase behavior test. It was found that the branched surfactant was more effective than the linear surfactant. The system was stable at salinities <3 wt%. On adding a small amount of co-surfactant, the emulsion activity was increased.The gravity drainage flooding test (GDFT) was performed to determine the potential of dodecyl alkyl sulfate to produce residual oil in porous media. It was found that the solution could be flooded at temperatures of 60 °C or higher. In the core flooding test, injecting one pore volume of 2 wt% surfactant solution with 3 wt% salinity produced 26.6% more oil after water flood. With the addition of only 0.01 wt% co-surfactant, oil production increased by 1.6%. Contrary to the phase behavior test, the linear surfactant produced 1.3% more oil than the branched surfactant in the core flooding test.     

Novel fluorinated surfactants for enhanced oil recovery in carbonate reservoirs

Novel surfactant‐polymer (SP) formulations containing fluorinated amphoteric surfactant (surfactant‐A) and fluorinated anionic surfactant (surfactant‐B) with partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) were evaluated for enhanced oil recovery applications in carbonate reservoirs. Thermal stability, rheological properties, interfacial tension, and adsorption on the mineral surface were measured. The effects of the surfactant type, surfactant concentration, temperature, and salinity on the rheological properties of the SP systems were examined. Both surfactants were found to be thermally stable at a high temperature (90 °C). Surfactant‐B decreased the viscosity and the storage modulus of the HPAM. Surfactant‐A had no influence on the rheological properties of the HPAM. Surfactant‐A showed complete solubility and thermal stability in seawater at 90 °C. Only surfactant‐A was used in adsorption, interfacial tension, and core flooding experiments, since surfactant‐B was not completely soluble in seawater and therefore was limited to deionized water. A decrease in oil/water interfacial tension (IFT) of almost one order of magnitude was observed when adding surfactant‐A. However, betaine‐based co‐surfactant reduced the IFT to 10^?3 mN/m. An adsorption isotherm showed that the maximum adsorption of surfactant‐A was 1 mg per g of rock. Core flooding experiments showed 42 % additional oil recovery using 2.5 g/L (2500 ppm) HPAM and 0.001 g/g (0.1 mass%) amphoteric surfactant at 90 °C.     

Rheology and polymer flooding characteristics of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide for enhanced heavy oil recovery

Polymer flooding characteristics of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) solution with the addition of NaOH were examined in homogeneous glass‐bead packs. The heavy oil recovery in unconsolidated sandstone formations by applying the alkali‐polymer flooding was observed. Experimental results showed that HPAM solution was sensitive to temperature, salinity, and alkali, finding that alkali‐polymer solutions are more effective in improving viscosity than conventional polymer solutions. The solution of 0.5 wt % NaOH mixed with 1500 ppm HPAM (12 mol % hydrolysis degree) was found to be the optimal choice, which gives rise to the highest viscosity on the rheological characterization. Flood tests using the alkali‐polymer solution showed an increase in oil recovery by 30% over water‐flooding when the water‐cut reached 95%, indicating that alkali‐polymer could be more effective in improving sweep efficiency than polymer flood. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Adsorption of surfactant during chemical enhanced oil recovery

Surfactant is extensively used as chemicals during chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR) process. Effectiveness of surfactant CEOR process depends on several parameters like formation of micro emulsion, ultra-low interfacial tension (IFT) and adsorption of surfactant. First two parameters enhance the effectiveness while the last parameter reduces the effectiveness. Micro emulsions are highly desirable for CEOR due to its low interfacial tension (IFT) value and higher viscosity. In this research the size of the emulsions were studied with particle size analyzer to study the liquid–liquid absorption process and the entrapment of oil drops inside surfactant drop. Initially, the average surfactant drop size was found to be 100 nm, after mixing the surfactant slug with reservoir crude, the size was increase up to 10 times. It signifies the formation of micro emulsion between surfactant and oil. Another attempt was done in this research to study the adsorption mechanism of surfactant on reservoir rock. The process of adsorption was studied by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm to understand the adsorption phenomena. In this study, it was found that the adsorption follows Freundlich isotherm and the adsorption phenomena was chemical for surfactant flooding process. In chemical adsorption phenomena, the rate of adsorption is high because, surfactant molecules are adsorbed layer after layer by the rock surface. Use of alkali along with surfactant reduces adsorption of surfactant since, alkali blocked the active clay sites before interacting with surfactant and hence the adsorption isotherm was found to be Langmuir and phenomena was physical adsorption.     

SHY-206新型驱油剂提高原油采收率研究

针对陕北油田低渗、超低渗地质条件,采用不稳定实验法,研究了SHY-206新型驱油剂注入时机、质量分数以及注入体积倍数与提高原油采收率的关系。结果表明,SHY-206新型驱油剂能够较大幅度提高原油采收率,随着质量分数和注入体积倍数的增加,采收率提高值增加,且注入时间越早,采收率增加值越高。