我国能源领域国际合作重点转向新能源和可再生能源

据新华社8月1日消息，随着国内市场对清洁能源的需求不断上升，我国决定将今后10年能源领域国际合作的重点转向新能源和可再生能源的开发和利用。     

发展小型清洁发展机制可再生能源项目的简化程序

各种灵活的京都机制已经作为以市场为基础的解决气候变化的方法发展起来了。更具体的说，清洁发展机制(CDM)是指一个工业化国家通过在发展中国家实施减排项目(特别是可再生能源项目)来实现其部分减排义务的一种灵活机制。目前发展中国家没有承担减少温室气体排放方面的义务。介绍了京都议定书的清洁发展机制促进可再生能源(RES)投资的能力，并且分析了在CDM机制下小型项目的发展潜力。     

国内可再生能源文献信息

GN050201 新型飞轮储能电池在独立运行式风力发电系统中的应用研究,GN050202 建筑物冬季供暖空调逐时负荷,GN050203 中国能源的问题与未来,GN050204 热泵供暖的经济性分析,GN050205 中国清洁发展机制(CDM)的行业潜力分析。     

可再生能源应用的重要领域

建筑能源具有品位低,温度范围窄,与自然能源的温度接近三大特点,这三大特点决定了可再生能源是建筑用能的首选。通过热泵的提升,可以将土壤能、地表水能、海洋能应用到建筑中,这一技术已在国外得到大规模利用。太阳能热发电是另一种最有希望与传统发电方式竞争的可再生能源发电方式。     

建筑节能领域可再生能源的利用方式

本文从降低建筑能耗和提高建筑能耗系统(设备)效率两个角度,归纳了在建筑节能领域中可再生能源最可能的利用途径;分析了各种可再生能源利用方式的特点及在推广应用过程中存在的问题,提出了相关的政策建议。     

中国新能源和可再生能源发展优先项目

<正> 优先项目是根据《新能源和可再生能源发展纲要》的框架,在中央有关部委和地方制定的“九五”计划和2010年规划的基础上,经过综合分析而筛选的。在筛选过程中力求体现科学技术密切与生产实际相结合、为经济建设服务的精神,协调好基础研究与     

黑龙江省推进CDM项目路径与对策

对黑龙江省发展清洁发展机制CDM(Clean Development Mechanism)项目的宏观环境与CDM发展状况进行分析,提出我省推进CDM项目发展的对策,并对CDM项目的开发如何选择项目类型和买家等提出具体建议,通过加速我省CDM项目发展,对提高能源利用效率,缓解石油和电力供应紧张状况,促进经济社会可持续发展有一定的借鉴意义.     

国际可再生能源新闻

意大利计划大幅削减可再生能源补贴 意大利政府正计划再次削减可再生能源的发电补贴。可再生能源集团于1月20日表示,这将对绿色电力企业给予沉重的打击,并且可能让为2020年实现清洁能源目标所付出的努力付诸东流。     

基于聚类数据包络分析模型的可再生能源发电项目综合评判决策

在深入调研的基础上,针对可再生能源发电项目规划环节面临的开发排序问题及运行后的效率综合评估问题,建立了聚类分析和数据包络分析相结合的CA/DEA两阶段评价模型。基于文中所设计的综合评价指标体系,引入了模糊层次分析法对于环境协调度等定性指标进行了综合分析,并运用基于聚类分析的主导因素挖掘方法从众多指标中选出最具影响力的因素指标;采用非参数DEA最优化模型对发电项目综合效率进行评估,较好地解决了生产函数难以确定的问题。通过CA/DEA模型所确定的综合投入产出效率,实现了对发电项目优秀度的有效评价。最后通过实例分析,验证了该评估方法的有效性及实用性。     

海上可再生能源开发评价指标体系与实证研究

开发海上可再生能源对于优化能源结构具有重要意义。文章在对海上可再生能源主要开发形式调查分析的基础上,从技术、经济、资源、环境、安全5方面构建了海上可再生能源开发评价指标体系,在此基础上,从能源转换效率、技术成熟度、投资成本等方面对潮汐能、潮流能、波浪能等海上可再生能源开发形式进行分析。以大连为例进行实证研究,利用构建的指标体系对大连地区的海上风能开发进行分析评价,提出了大连地区海上可再生能源开发的建议。     

中国节能建筑CDM项目基准线方法

清洁发展机制(CDM)的实施可有效地促进中国建筑部门节能和温室气体(GHGs)减排。结合建筑CDM项目的特殊性，探讨了不同类型的节能建筑CDM项目的基准线(Baseline)的设定方法，并以一办公建筑CDM项目为例尝试了基准线的选择。     

Assessment of instruments in facilitating investment in off-grid renewable energy projects

Renewable off-grid solution plays a critical role in supporting rural electrification. However, off-grid Renewable Energy (OGRE) project financing faces significant challenges due to limited financing access, low affordability of consumers, high transactions costs and etc. Various supporting instruments have been implemented to facilitate OGRE investment. This study assesses the effectiveness of those instruments with a framework consists of three dimensions: feasibility, sustainability and replicability. The weights of each dimension in the framework and the scores of each instrument are assessed by expert surveys based on the Delphi method. It is suggested that all the three dimensions should be taken into consideration while assessing the instruments, among which feasibility and sustainability are considered as the most important dimensions in the assessment framework. Furthermore, the top-5 most effective instruments in facilitating OGRE investment are local engagement in operation and maintenance, loan guarantee, start-up grant, end user financing, and concessional finance. Developing countries that need to increase electrification, such as most of the ASEAN member states, could use these top scored instruments despite of their limited amount of public finance.     

Performance of building energy supply systems using renewable energy

There are two types of renewable energy widely used in China: air-source heat pump and compact all glass solar vacuum pipe water heating systems. To compare the performance of these supply systems, test systems were installed on two adjacent apartment buildings with the same structure, shape, and material. Both sets of equipment were placed in the same environment for the same 31-day period. The performances and performance parameters of the systems were systematically analyzed. The system energy consumption ratio of the compact all glass solar vacuum pipe water heating system was greater than that of the air-source system on 81% of the days in the study period. However, extension theory analysis showed that the weight coefficients for the performance parameters of the two systems were equivalent over the study period. The grey relational degree between the system performance and the parameters were also calculated. The grey correlation degrees of the compact all glass solar vacuum pipe water heating system's properties with outlet temperature, inlet temperature, environment temperature, solar radiation, and sunshine time were 0.69, 0.71, 0.68, 0.70, and 0.68; and the grey correlation degrees of the air source heat pump water heating system's properties with outlet temperature, inlet temperature, environment temperature, solar radiation, and hours of sunshine were 0.71, 0.73, 0.71, 0.65, and 0.72. Furthermore, multivariate regression equations were used to study the changes of other parameters when one of the single variables changes.     

Effect of wind energy system performance on optimal renewable energy model-an analysis

The Optimal Renewable Energy Model (OREM) has been developed to determine the optimum level of renewable energy sources utilisation in India for the year 2020–21. The model aims at minimising costefficiency ratio and determines the optimum allocation of different renewable energy sources for various end-uses. The extent of social acceptance level, potential limit, demand and reliability will decide the renewable energy distribution pattern and are hence used as constraints in the model. In this paper, the performance and reliability of wind energy system and its effects on OREM model has been analysed. The demonstration windfarm (4 MW) which is situated in Muppandal, a village in the southern part of India, has been selected for the study. The windfarm has 20 wind turbine machines of 200 KW capacity. The average technical availability, real availability and capacity factor have been analysed from 1991 to 1995 and they are found to be 94.1%, 76.4% and 25.5% respectively. The reliability factor of wind energy system is found to be 0.5 at 10,000 hours. The OREM model is analysed considering the above said factors for wind energy system, solar energy system and biomass energy systems. The model selects wind energy for pumping end-use to an extent of 0.3153×10¹⁵ KJ.     

A new thinking for renewable energy model: Remote sensing‐based renewable energy model

This paper mainly focuses on the two issues through remote sensing: assessment of the renewable energy potential and integration of the renewable energy model. Three methods for assessing the renewable energy potential with remote sensing (RS) are proposed. The methods can provide more precise evaluation of renewable energy potential, which is the first vital step to develop renewable energy model. The paper then first presents three integrations of the renewable energy model with RS and points out that with respect to the problems one of them is employed. The assessment methods based on RS and the integrations with RS are illustrated by a simple example with Europe solar energy data set. The results show that Germany is the optimal country to install photovoltaic with a capacity of 137 125 GW. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

英国可再生能源政策及启示

介绍了美国政府支持新能源、可再生能源发展及高耗能企业调控的做法、对策和取得的成效,并谈了体会和建议。     

An energy system for the integration of renewable energy with energy storage in a frigid plateau region

面向高原高寒地区对稳定供热和供电的迫切需求,本文提出了一种新型的可再生能源与储能集成供能系统。该系统包括风力发电、光伏发电、水力发电、槽式太阳能集热器、储热系统、储电装置以及集成控制系统,实现了多种可再生能源高效利用;制定了一种考虑热电设备性能的实时能量管理策略,并建立了以年成本为主要优化目标的容量配置方法;利用该系统与优化方法对高原高寒地带民用住宅群的供能系统进行了优化设计,通过案例对比分析,验证了该集成供能系统容量配置方法和能量管理策略的可行性。研究结果为高原高寒地区供能系统的选择提供了有益的参考。