S-RHT技术在2.4 Mt/a渣油加氢装置工业应用

某公司2.4 Mt/a渣油加氢装置采用S-RHT技术,对装置的设计和标定进行总结,并对标定结果进行分析。结果表明,残炭脱除率为42.8%,硫脱除率87.6%,氮脱除率34.7%,主要产品质量指标满足生产要求,收率高于设计值,装置能耗低于设计值,该技术的工业应用成功。     

Ni和Co物种对渣油加氢脱金属催化剂性能的影响

利用工业渣油加氢脱金属催化剂载体构建了三种含有不同金属活性组分的催化剂：Ni-Mo催化剂、NiCo-Mo催化剂和Co-Mo催化剂,采用XRD、Raman光谱、H2-TPR、NH3-TPD、原位FTIR等分析方法对构建的催化剂进行表征,考察了催化剂在渣油加氢脱金属反应中的性能。实验结果表明,三种催化剂具有相近的孔结构和物相结构,与NiCo-Mo和Co-Mo催化剂相比,Ni-Mo催化剂还原温度较低,易还原的八面体配位钼物种较多,易形成Ni-Mo-S活性相,表现出了较高的加氢性能、脱金属性能以及脱残炭性能。Co-Mo催化剂酸强度高、酸量大,表现出较高的脱硫性能。研究为构建更高效的劣质原油加工催化剂提供了的实验基础。     

原料油性质对渣油加氢装置开工的影响

渣油是原油中最重的组分,其平均相对分子质量大、沸点高、黏度和极性大,集中了原油中大部分的含硫、含氮、含氧化合物、胶质以及全部的沥青质和重金属,是油品加工的重点和难点。渣油加氢装置设计具有较宽的加工原料油性质的弹性,但考虑到催化剂寿命和生产合格产品所需操作条件,不同的原料油性质对装置开工有很大的影响。中石油云南石化有限公司采用的加氢工艺技术可以将原料油中硫质量分数从5.0%降低至0.3%,残炭从15.5%降低至5.5%,金属(Ni+V)质量分数从105μg/g降低至12μg/g,沥青质质量分数从4.1%降低至0.4%,满足了加氢产品的指标要求。结合已开工装置的经验,从原料油的类型、原料油进料量等方面优化加氢反应操作条件并提出了合理建议。     

超临界水对渣油加氢催化剂性能的影响

以塔河常压渣油为原料,使用超临界水(SCW)(反应温度为400℃,氢初压为6.0 MPa条件下)对催化剂进行处理,并在剂油质量比为1∶10的条件下进行加氢转化实验,对比研究了SCW对渣油加氢反应过程中催化剂性能的影响.结果表明:SCW对渣油加氢反应过程中催化剂的表面积、孔体积和平均孔径等结构参数没有明显的影响;与空白试验相比,SCW条件下加氢反应转化率提高了2.41百分点,而加氢反应产物分布与空白试验相差不明显;与石英砂相比,SCW条件下催化剂可明显改善渣油加氢产物分布,在渣油转化率和焦炭产率较低的情况下,200 ～ 350℃馏分的收率提高了1.19百分点,350 ～ 500℃馏分的收率提高了2.99百分点,说明SCW对渣油加氢反应过程中催化剂的结构、活性不产生明显的影响.     

Assessment on Commercial Application of Novel S-RHT Catalysts

This article refers to the commercial application assessment of the novel S-RHT catalysts.The application outcome has shown that the catalysts loading was reduced with its performance kept at the original level at the initial and middle stages of operation. The performance of catalysts at the end of operation was analyzed, and factors affecting the performance of the novel catalysts at the end of run were identified to facilitate further improvement of the said catalysts.     

渣油加氢脱残炭催化剂的失活研究

采用BET、ICP、元素分析、显微共焦激光拉曼光谱及TEM等多种分析手段,对工业装置运转后的渣油加氢脱残炭催化剂进行了研究。实验结果表明,运转后的脱残炭催化剂积碳量高达24.57%(w),且积碳在催化剂径向上呈"V"型分布,更多地沉积在催化剂边缘;积碳量大及积碳在催化剂径向分布不均匀使催化剂孔径变小,扩散阻力增加,孔内活性位利用率降低;运转后的脱残炭催化剂的MoS2相变长,且层数增加,使活性位减少。为提高脱残炭催化剂的活性稳定性,应加强催化剂的抗积碳性能,改善积碳在催化剂径向上的分布,提高MoS2相的高温稳定性,并在使用过程中尽可能避免热点和飞温等情况。     

渣油加氢-催化裂化组合工艺加工含硫渣油的必要性

比较了加工含硫渣油的两种不同的典型组合工艺。结果表明,渣油加氢一催化裂化组合工艺虽然一次性投资和加工费用较高,但由于其液体产品收率高、产值高,使之经济效益反而较好,而且组合工艺在产品结构、产品质量以及环保方面都具有明显的优势。从长远看,组合工艺装置投资和加工成本都有下降的趋势,高原油价格对其也有利。因此渣油加氢-催化裂化组合工艺是加工含硫渣油的较佳选择。     

Effect of Polymer Solution Viscoelasticity on Residual Oil

Abstract

In this article, the oil displacement efficiencies of viscoelastic HPAM solution and viscous glycerin solution are studied by flooding at visual microscopic glass models. Also, the effect and mechanisms of the viscoelasticity of HPAM solution and glycerin solution on the displacement of residual oil in dead-ends are studied, and the relationship between the elasticity of HPAM and oil displacement efficiency is given. The results of microscopic oil displacement experiments indicate that the displacement efficiency of HPAM solution flooding and glycerin solution flooding gradually increase with the increase in a viscoelasticity of HPAM solutions and the viscosity of glycerin solution. However, for HPAM solution flooding, the displacement efficiency is always higher and residual oil saturation lower than that of glycerin at the same viscosity, same capillary number and at the same oil saturation after water flooding.     

Effect of Polymer Solution Viscoelasticity on Residual Oil

In this article, the oil displacement efficiencies of viscoelastic HPAM solution and viscous glycerin solution are studied by flooding at visual microscopic glass models. Also, the effect and mechanisms of the viscoelasticity of HPAM solution and glycerin solution on the displacement of residual oil in dead-ends are studied, and the relationship between the elasticity of HPAM and oil displacement efficiency is given. The results of microscopic oil displacement experiments indicate that the displacement efficiency of HPAM solution flooding and glycerin solution flooding gradually increase with the increase in a viscoelasticity of HPAM solutions and the viscosity of glycerin solution. However, for HPAM solution flooding, the displacement efficiency is always higher and residual oil saturation lower than that of glycerin at the same viscosity, same capillary number and at the same oil saturation after water flooding.     

胜利炼油厂一催化装置提高掺渣比运行总结

对一催化装置提高掺渣比进行分析和总结 ,指出利用技术进步是提高掺渣比的关键 ,加强日常的工艺管理十分重要。同时指出了提高装置掺渣比应重视解决的问题。     

A Study on the Effect of Hydrogenated Residual Oil Four-Component Properties on Sulfur Distribution of Light Oil in the FCC Process

Abstract

Based on the data of a hydrogenated residual oil fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process in a petrochemical company, the effect of hydrogenated residual oil four-component (saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes; SARA) property on sulfur distribution of light oil in an FCC process was reviewed and a conjunction formula between sulfur distribution of light oil and SARA property was established. The associated results indicated that sulfur distribution of light oil in the FCC process was reduced as the saturate, aromatic, and resin component of hydrogenated residual oil increased, and the effect factor decreased in the order, saturate > aromatic > resin. On the other hand, the enhancement of the asphaltene component made the sulfur distribution of light oil increase slightly. In addition, the conjunction formula was used to predict sulfur distribution of light oil by the other hydrogenated residual oil feedstock and the calculated sulfur distribution of light oil was in good agreement with the actual data; all the predicted relative errors were less than 5% and the mean relative error was 2.98%. The results showed that the established conjunction formula possessed good predictive features and reliability.     

RHT系列渣油加氢催化剂在胜利炼油厂VRDS装置上的工业应用

介绍由北京石油化工研究院研制、开发、用于渣油加氢装置固定床反应器的RHT系列催化剂在胜利炼油厂VRDS装置的首次工业应用情况。该催化剂采用自行开发的级配路线,较好地结合了脱金属剂、脱硫剂、脱氮剂的性能特点,使整个运行周期的催化剂活性和稳定性达到较好地匹配,已达到同类进口催化剂的水平。     

茂名S-RHT催化剂装填级配试验研究

采用R3中试装置对渣油加氢处理催化剂的装填级配进行了研究 ,确定了合理的级配 ,并在茂名石油化工公司S RHT装置上得到了验证。