Influences of complex modification of P and RE on microstructure and mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al-20Si alloy

P and RE complex modification of hypereutectic A1-Si alloys was conducted. The influences of P, RE content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of alloys were investigated. The complex modifications of P and RE make the coarse block primary silicon obviously refined and the large needle eutectic silicon modified to the fine fibrous or lamella ones. P mainly refines the primary silicon, but excess P is unfavorable to the refinement of primary silicon. RE can well refine the primary and eutectic silicon, but its modification effect on the eutectic silicon is more obvious. P can repress the modification of RE on the eutectic silicon The alloys with the additions of 0.08% P and 0.60% RE have the optimal microstructure and the highest mechanical properties. Compared with the unmodified alloy, the primary silicon of alloys can be refined from 66.4 μm to 23.3μm and the eutectic silicon can be refined from 8.3 μm to 5.2μm. The tensile strength is improved from 256 MPa to 306 MPa and the elongation is improved from 0.35% to 0.48%.     

Modification of primary Mg2Si in Mg-5Si alloys with Y2O3

The Y2O3 addition to Mg-5Si alloys has a good modification effect on the primary Mg2Si. With 0.05% or 0.1% （mass fraction） Y203 additions, the primary Mg2Si begins to change from coarse dendritic shape （about 100 μm） into small polyhedral shape and therefore the alloys exhibits sub-modified microstructure. With 0.2% Y2O3 addition, most of the primary Mg2Si becomes polyhedral shape and its average size is only 25 μm or less. The Mg-5Si alloy exhibits modified microstructure. In addition, the experiments show that the reaction between Mg and Y2O3 cannot occur in the sintered Mg-6Y2O3 compact; however, the reaction among Mg, Si and Y2O3 can occur in the sintered Mg-5Si-6Y2O3 compact. Apart from the adsorption and poisoning manners, other mechanisms may exist in the modification of Y2O3 addition on the primary Mg2Si.     

Effect of Bi modification treatment on microstructure,tensile properties,and fracture behavior of cast Al-Mg2Si metal matrix composite

Bi has a good modification effect on the hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy,and the morphology of eutectic Si changes from coarse acicular to fine fibrous.Based on the similarity between Mg2Si and Si phases in crystalline structure and crystallization process,the present study investigated the effects of different concentrations of Bi on the microstructure,tensile properties,and fracture behavior of cast Al-15wt.%Mg2Si in-situ metal matrix composite.The results show that the addition of the proper amount of Bi has a significant modification effect on both primary and eutectic Mg2Si in the Al-15wt.%Mg2Si composite.With an increase in Bi content from 0 to 1wt.%,the morphology of the primary Mg2Si is changed from irregular or dendritic to polyhedral shape;and its average particle size is significantly decreased from 70 to 6 μm.Moreover,the morphology of the eutectic Mg2Si phase is altered from flake-like to very short fibrous or dot-like.When the Bi addition exceeds 4.0wt.%,the primary Mg2Si becomes coarse again.However,the eutectic Mg2Si still exhibits the modified morphology.Tensile tests reveal that the Bi addition can improve the tensile strength and ductility of the material.Compared with those of the unmodified composite,the ultimate tensile strength and percentage elongation after fracture with 1.0wt.% Bi increase 51.2% and 100%,respectively.At the same time,the Bi addition changes the fracture behavior from brittle to ductile.     

Effect of phosphor addition on eutectic solidification and microstructure of an Al-13％Si alloy

As the refiner or modifier, the master alloys containing high concentration phosphor are widely used in preparing eutectic or hypereutectic Al-Si alloys. To study the effect of phosphor addition on the eutectic solidification and microstructure of the Al-13%Si alloy, an investigation has been undertaken by means of thermal analysis and micro/macro-structure observation. Results indicate that addition of phosphor in near eutectic Al-Si alloy promotes the nucleation of eutectic but has little refinement impact on primary Si particles as expected. Conversely, both primary Si particles and eutectic Si flakes become slightly coarser in P-rich alloys. The coarsening of eutectic Si flakes ties closely to the increased eutectic growth temperature with phosphor addition. The eutectic solidification of the alloy proceeds from the near mold zone towards the center, and it is also found that a few independent nucleation regions emerge in liquid at the solidification front due to the addition of phosphor.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of laser melting deposited Ti2Ni3Si/NiTi Laves alloys

Two Ti2Ni3Si/NiTi Laves phase alloys with chemical compositions ofNi-39Ti-11Si and Ni-42Ti-8Si （%, mole fraction, the same below）, respectively, were fabricated by the laser melting deposition manufacturing process, aiming at studying the effect of Ti, Si contents on microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys. The Ni-39Ti-llSi alloy consisting of Ti2Ni3Si primary dendrites and Ti2Ni3Si/NiTi eutectic matrix is a conventional hypereutectic Laves phase alloy while the Ni-42Ti-8Si alloy being made up of NiTi primary dendrites uniformly distributed in Ti2Ni3Si/NiTi eutectic is a new hypoeutectic alloy. Mechanical properties of the alloys were investigated by nano-indentation test. The results show that the decrease of Si and the increase of Ti contents change the microstructures of the alloys from hypereutectic to hypoeutectic, which influences the mechanical properties of the alloys remarkably. Corrosion behaviors of the alloys were also evaluated by potentiodynamic anodic polarization curves.     

Improvement in mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al-Si-Cu alloys through sonosolidified slurry

For the wider applications,it is necessary to improve the ductility as well as the strength and wear-resistance of hypereutectic AlSi-Cu alloys,which are typical light-weight wear-resistant materials.An increase in the amounts of primary silicon particles causes the modified wear-resistance of hypereutectic Al-Si-Cu alloys,but leads to the poor strength and ductility.It is known that dual phase steels composed of hetero-structure have succeeded in bringing contradictory mechanical properties of high strength and ductility concurrently.In order to apply the idea of hetero-structure to hypereutectic Al-Si-Cu alloys for the achievement of high strength and ductility along with wear resistance,ultrasonic irradiation of the molten metal during the solidification,which is called sono-solidification,was carried out from its molten state to just above the eutectic temperature.The sono-solidified Al-17Si-4Cu alloy is composed of hetero-structure,which are,hard primary silicon particles,soft non-equilibrium a-Al phase and the eutectic region.Rheo-casting was performed at just above the eutectic temperature with sono-solidified slurry to shape a disk specimen.After the rheo-casting with modified sonosolidified slurry held for 45 s at 570 oC,the quantitative optical microscope observation exhibits that the microstructure is composed of 18area%of hard primary silicon particles and 57area%of soft a-Al phase.In contrast,there exist only 5 area%of primary silicon particles and no a-Al phase in rheo-cast specimen with normally solidified slurry.Hence the tensile tests of T6 treated rheo-cast specimens with modified sono-solidified slurry exhibit improved strength and 5%of elongation,regardless of having more than 3 times higher amounts of primary silicon particles compared to that of rheo-cast specimen with normally solidified slurry.     

MODIFICATION EFFECT OF Sr ON Al-Si ALLOYS

By inserting the single crystal silicon seeds into Sr modified Al-22wt-% Si alloy melts,thefact that nucleation and growth of Si-phase are affected by Sr addition has been confirmed.Itis suggested that this effect is caused by the adsorption of Sr on{111}_(si),and the modificationof eutectic structure results from the variation of leading phase in the eutectic from Si to α-Al.     

Effect of alumina short fiber and air-cooling processing on solidification microstructure and tensile properties of Al2O3/Al-15Si composites

The effect of microstructure variation by addition of alumina short fiber and optimization of tensile properties by air-cooling processing in Al2O3/Al-15Si composites were studied.The results show that in Al-015Si alloy matrix composites with 14% and 30%(volume fraction)fiber,the primary silicon is hardly refined,but the eutectic silicon is effectively refined and granulated.Granulation of some eutectic silicon mainly happens in fiber segregation areas.Refining and granulation of the eutectic silicon are related to the physical constraint arising from the fiber,After the 30%Al2O3/Al-15Si composite was remelted and air-cooled,the number of the eutectic silicon on the surface of the fiber increases,which results in the improvement of fiber/matrix interface and tensile properties for the as-cast composite,Air-cooling processing may be reliable for the optmization of the microstructure and properties of fiber reinforced hypereutectic Al-15Si alloy composites.     

Microstructure and dry sliding wear behavior of cast Al-Mg2Si in-situ metal matrix composite modified by Nd

The microstructure and dry sliding wear behavior of cast Al-18 wt% Mg2Si in-situ metal matrix composite modified by Nd were investigated. Experimental results show that, after introducing a proper amount of Nd, both primary and eutectic Mg2Si in the Al-18 wt% Mg2Si composite are well modified. The morphology of primary Mg2Si is changed from irregular or dendritic to polyhedral shape, and its average particle size is significantly decreased. Moreover, the morphology of the eutectic Mg2Si phase is altered from flake-like to very short fibrous or dot-like. The wear rates and friction coefficient of the composites with Nd are lower than those without Nd. Furthermore, the addition of 0.5 wt% Nd changes the wear mechanism of the composite from the combination of abrasive, adhesive, and delamination wear without Nd into a single mild abrasion wear with 0.5 wt% Nd.     

Influence of melt superheating on microstructures of Mg-3.5 Si- 1 A1 alloys

The influence of melt superheating treatment on the microstructures of Mg-3.5Si-1A1 alloys unmodified and modified with 0.2% Sr-Sb (mass fraction) was investigated. The results show that when the melt superheating temperature increases from 750 to 900 ℃, the average size of primary Mg2Si in the unmodified alloys decreases progressively from about 27 to about 19 μm, while that in Sr-Sb-modified alloys,is refined considerably from about 14 to about 7 μm when the temperature increases from 750 to 850℃, and then slightly increases to about 9 μm with temperature further increasing to 900 ℃, which might be attributed to the burning loss of Sr and Sb in melts. However, the superheating temperature only has a slight effect on the morphologies of both primary and eutectic Mg2Si phases in unmodified and Sr-Sb-modified alloys.     

含Ca及Si镁合金的显微组织及力学性能

采用光学显微镜、扫描和透射电子显微镜研究了含Ca、 Si镁合金的显微组织特征. 铸态下, 仅含Ca的镁合金主要由镁基体和晶界离异共晶组织(Mg Mg2Ca)组成; 加入约0.5%(质量分数)Si后, 晶界离异共晶组织消失, 在晶界附近及晶内形成弥散分布的细小点状(球状)、针状和粗块状CaMgSi相; 当含Si量较高(约1.0%)时, 出现中国字形(针状)的Mg2Si相. 固溶时效后, 只含Ca的镁合金中晶界处离异共晶组织消失, 代之以长大了的颗粒状Mg2Ca相; 而Mg-Ca-Si合金的固溶时效组织较铸态无明显变化. 对合金常温和高温短时拉伸性能也作了初步探讨.     

Sr对Mg-4%Si合金中Mg2Si的变质作用

研究Sr对过共晶Mg-4%Si（质量分数）合金中Mg2Si相的变质作用与机理。Mg-4%Si合金中存在多面体形初生Mg2Si相与汉字状共晶Mg2Si相。添加Al-10%Sr可以明显细化初生Mg2Si相,同时可以将共晶Mg2Si相由汉字状变质为多面体状或者纤维状。对初生Mg2Si相的细化作用主要是由凝固过程中含Sr颗粒的异质形核作用引起的,而对共晶Mg2Si相的变质作用是由在凝固过程中熔体中的Sr原子在Mg2Si晶体生长表面富集,从而改变了其生长优势所致的。     

Sb变质对Mg_2Si/AM60镁基复合材料组织及性能的影响

研究了Sb对Mg2Si增强相及基体组织的细化效果及机理。结果表明,Sb加入可生成Mg3Sb2,Mg3Sb2能够作为Mg2Si的异质核心,使得Mg2Si由汉字状变成颗粒状,并弥散地分布。同时,基体组织也得到细化,改善了合金的力学性能。加入0.8%的Sb后,合金的抗拉强度提高了12.2%。     

硅对Mg2Si/ZM5复合材料组织和性能的影响

在真空感应炉中氩气保护下制备材料，采用OM，SEM，EDAX和XRD及拉伸试验，研究分析了硅对原位反应自生Mg2Si/ZM5复合材料铸态显微组织和性能的影响规律。结果表明，反应添加物Si在ZM5合金中形成了高熔点、高硬度的Mg2Si强化相，明显地提高了材料的室温与高温强度，如Si的质量分数为1.5％时，室温抗拉强度与屈服强度提高幅度分别可达20.1％和61.5％，Si的质量分数为1.0％时，高温抗拉强度与屈服强度提高幅度分别可达14.9％和25.7％；Mg2Si相的形貌随着硅含量的不同而变化，如Si的质量分数为0.5％时，主要生成细小短棒状或片状共晶Mg2Si相，Si的质量分数大于1％时，则出现了粗大块状或汉字状初生Mg2Si相和片状或短棒状的共晶Mg2Si相；由于所生成的Mg2Si相本身是一种脆性相，使得该材料呈现出解理断裂，降低了材料的塑性。     

电解低钛6009铝合金板材组织的研究

通过X射线、SEM和TEM分析,研究了电解低钛铝合金和熔配加钛铝合金在铸造状态、轧制状态和热处理状态的组织。在6009铝合金中,球形Mg2Si是主要强化相,熔配加钛合金时效过程调幅分解明显。在电解低钛铝合金中,球形Mg2Si分布更为弥散、均匀。结果表明:电解低钛铝合金的性能优于熔配加钛铝合金。     

Sb对原位Mg2Si/Mg复合材料组织的影响

利用Mg-Si二元合金结晶的特点，在普通重力铸造的条件下，制备了原位Mg2Si／Mg复合材料，着重研究了Sb对复合材料中Mg2Si增强相形态的影响。结果表明，在Mg-10Si合金中，加入质量分数为0．8％Sb，不仅促进Mg2Si的均匀形核，而且Sb偏析于Mg2Si的界面上，阻止了Mg2Si的进一步长大。原位Mg2Si的形态由粗大的树枝状转变成均匀分布的颗粒状，形成了较理想的Mg2Si颗粒增强Mg基复合材料的组织。     

Bi和Sr改性Al-7Si-0.4Mg合金显微组织的影响(英文)

研究单独添加Bi和联合添加Bi与Sr在不同凝固条件下对Al-7Si-0.4Mg合金中共晶硅结构的影响。结果表明:添加Bi对共晶硅有细化作用,其细化能力随着Bi质量分数(在<0.5%范围内)的增加而增强。当Bi添加到Sr改性的合金中时,为了得到充分的共晶硅改性,较高的Sr/Bi质量比(至少0.45)是必要的。