Mg-Y-Nd-Zr镁合金焊接接头的显微组织与力学性能研究

目的研究Mg-Y-Nd-Zr镁合金焊接接头显微组织和力学性能。方法采用钨极氩弧焊工艺制备Mg-Y-Nd-Zr合金焊接接头,采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜观察焊接接头显微组织,采用能谱测试主要合金元素含量,采用电子万能实验机测试焊接接头的力学性能,采用维氏硬度计测试焊接接头的硬度。结果Mg-Y-Nd-Zr合金母材、焊缝区与热影响区平均晶粒尺寸分别为80, 30, 95μm。焊接接头的抗拉强度、屈服强度和断后伸长率分别为295 MPa, 188 MPa和3.0%。结论 Mg-Y-Nd-Zr合金母材、焊缝和热影响区晶粒均为等轴晶,与母材相比,热影响区未发生晶粒粗化,焊缝区晶粒明显细化,析出相Mg24Y5增多。Mg-Y-Nd-Zr合金焊接接头经525℃×12 h固溶+225℃×12 h时效处理后,各区域的硬度差异不大。抗拉强度达到母材的93%,断后伸长率达到母材的67%。     

ER5356焊丝用于7075铝合金MIG焊接头热处理性能

采用MIG焊使用ER5356焊丝进行3 mm厚7075铝合金对接焊,焊后接头进行T6热处理。通过光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜与能谱仪结合室温拉伸、显微硬度与电化学腐蚀分析接头组织、力学性能与耐蚀性。结果表明：焊接时熔池流动将母材熔化部位的Zn,Cu等合金元素带入焊缝,析出MgZn₂与AlCuMg相,成为焊缝进行热处理强化的基础;热处理后,大部分析出相溶入基体形成固溶+时效强化,接头抗拉强度提升20%,焊缝硬度提升18.4%,耐蚀性提高。但由于从母材流入焊缝的合金元素含量有限,焊丝与母材力学性能的差异与热影响区软化现象无法消除。     

热处理工艺及Ce对1420铝锂合金焊接接头力学性能的影响

研究了不同热处理状态对不同Ｃｅ含量的１４２０铝锂合金焊接接头力学性能及焊缝凝固组织的影响。结果表明；微量Ｃｅ添加到１４２０合金中，可阻焊缝热影响区的晶粒粗化并使焊缝凝固组织细化。采用焊后固溶＋人工时效的热处理工艺，可使焊接接头强度第数有明显提高。     

固溶时效态GH925/Inconel625异种合金焊接力学性能研究

采用氩气保护焊(MIG)和625专用焊丝,研究GH925合金圆柱搭接焊接电流、道次间隔时间(T=1～2 s)对焊结区组织成分、析出相对焊接接头力学性能的影响。研究表明,固溶时效态GH925合金采用625专用焊丝可以得到熔合良好的焊接接头,接头抗拉强度最高达到830 MPa,达到焊丝抗拉强度的1.15倍。焊缝区组织由奥氏体γ相和弥散析出δ相组成,焊接电流50 A时焊缝区以平面晶析出为主,出现晶界多边化现象;焊接电流65 A时焊缝为胞晶组织,焊接电流65和80 A时靠近熔合线母材一侧2～3 mm处出现δ相带状剧烈析出区,与δ析出温度范围有关。能谱分析表明析出相为(NiFeCr)固溶型复杂化合物。增加道次间隔时间T有利于获得力学性能更好的焊缝组织。     

不同热处理工艺对TC4-DT钛合金棒材组织和性能的影响

研究了不同热处理工艺对TC4-DT钛合金棒材显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:TC4-DT合金在两相区经过普通退火和再结晶退火后组织发生再结晶,α相尺寸有所增大,具有较好的塑性。经过两相区固溶+时效处理得到双态组织,通过控制固溶时冷却速度及时效温度来调整次生α片层厚度,使得合金强度和断裂韧性得到改善。经单相区固溶水冷得到马氏体组织,随时效温度提高,α片层厚度增加,但析出的次生α相含量减少,导致合金的强度和断裂韧性有所下降。而在单相区固溶空冷+高温时效处理,获得的α片层厚度进一步增大,有助于提高塑性和断裂韧性。采用950℃/1h/WQ+550℃/6h/AC两相区固溶+时效的热处理工艺,可实现合金强度、塑性、韧性的较好匹配,获得优良的综合性能。     

焊后时效处理对6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的影响

对6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头进行自然时效和人工时效处理,通过透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、拉伸实验机和显微硬度计对组织演变和力学性能进行研究。结果表明:人工时效处理后显微硬度比焊态和自然时效高10~25HV,提高焊核区和热机影响区硬度效果明显好于自然时效。经过焊后自然时效、人工时效的焊接接头力学性能得到一定程度的提升,人工时效析出相比自然时效析出相抗拉强度提高12%,延伸率降低9%,人工时效提高拉伸强度效果更明显。人工时效处理后,焊核区组织发生显著变化,NZ主要为GP区,经过人工时效后NZ强化效应随团簇和GP区尺寸增大及数量增多而加强。HAZ主要为粗大的β′,经过人工时效后变化不大,硬度基本保持不变。通过对微观组织进行研究发现析出物的形状由界面能和应变能决定。     

Ti700sr高温钛合金TIG焊接接头组织及性能研究

采用TIG焊接方法对Ti700sr高温钛合金板材进行了焊接,研究了接头的组织形貌、硬度分布及力学性能.结果表明,Ti700sr高温钛合金板材焊接后的接头成形良好,焊缝区组织由粗大的柱状晶及细长的针状α相构成,热影响区组织由细针状α和残余β相构成,热影响区析出相得到有效控制,相边界上无明显硅化物析出;焊接热影响区的硬度相...     

时效处理对Super304H摩擦焊焊接接头析出相和显微硬度的影响

对Super304H摩擦焊焊接接头进行不同时间的625 ℃时效处理。随着时效处理时间的延长,焊合区、热影响区和母材区基体组织仍为奥氏体组织,晶粒无明显长大,析出相数量逐渐增多,显微硬度逐渐增加并在时效处理500 h达到最大值;随着时效时间的继续延长,M₂₃C₆碳化物聚集和长大导致显微硬度缓慢下降。     

时效温度对Ti-5Mo-5V-6Cr-3Al热轧管材组织性能的影响

通过扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射分析(XRD)等手段对新型Ti5563合金热轧态管材经固溶时效和时效处理后的组织及物相含量进行了分析,比较了不同热处理后合金的力学性能,研究了时效温度对材料组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:直接时效处理是提高Ti5563合金热轧态管材综合性能较为有效的方法;在520~660℃时效处理时,温度越低,α析出相越多,尺寸越小,分布越弥散,合金强度越大;随着温度增加,α析出相减少且尺寸变大,强化作用减弱,合金的塑性增加。     

2024-T4铝合金光纤激光填丝焊缝成形与组织性能的相关性

2024-T4铝合金光纤激光填丝焊缝横截面分为钉头形和近X形2种典型形貌,对比分析了该2种形貌的焊缝成形与组织形态、显微硬度和接头拉伸性能的相关性。结果表明:近X形横截面的焊缝在焊接过程中更加平稳,焊接飞溅更少。焊缝区的组织特征为垂直于熔合线相对生长的柱状晶组织和焊缝中心的等轴晶组织。钉头形焊缝中心晶粒的二次枝晶较发达,逐渐形成等轴树枝晶,而近X形焊缝中心晶粒相对细小,呈现为等轴胞状晶。与钉头形横截面的接头相比,近X形横截面的接头焊缝区析出的强化相θ(Al2Cu)相对较多,平均显微硬度值略高,热影响区的软化现象逐渐减弱,接头强度和塑性略低。     

高强钢低匹配焊接接头应用性能研究

本文采用低匹配焊条材料焊接了高强度钢材,对其焊接接头硬度、强度、抗弯性能、韧性和抗爆性能进行了综合试验研究,研究结果表明,对于屈服强度高达1,000 MPa的钢,其低匹配焊接接头如果采用常规焊缝余高控制工艺,将出现以下不利状况:(1)无余高焊缝金属承受横向拉应力,在母材及HAZ拘束下首先屈服时,发生低延性破坏;(2)有余高焊接接头在弯曲应力及弯曲、拉伸复合作用下,焊接接头易出现焊缝首先塑变破裂的低应力失效现象。其根本原因为焊接接头软质焊缝区塑性变形抗力的不足。此类破坏发生时,钢板尚未充分塑性变形,从承受应力水平和吸收能量能力来看,这将导致焊接接头系统的服役能力大为降低,因此提高低匹配焊接接头焊缝区塑性变形抗力变得极为重要。利用第三强度理论分析了低匹配焊接接头变形特点,并进行了此类接头焊缝余高的特殊设计,获得和传统等强匹配等效的焊接接头,即在服役状态下,确保焊缝金属不先于母材发生塑变集中而失效。     

Carbide precipitates and mechanical properties of medium Mn steel joint with metal inert gas welding

Medium Mn steel was metal inert gas(MIG)welded with NiCrMo-3 and 307Si filler wires.The effect of filler wires on the microstructure and mechanical properties of joint was investigated,and the carbide precipitates were contrastively discussed.The results revealed that the microstructure of weld metal,heat-affected zone and base metal are austenite.Obvious grain coarsening occurred in the heat-affected zone(HAZ),and the maximum grain size grew up to 160 pm.In HAZ,C and Cr segregated at grain boundaries,the carbides was identified as Cr7C3.The dispersive(Nb,Mo)C phase was also found in weld metal with NiCrMo-3 filler wire.All the welded joints failed in HAZ during tensile tests.The tensile strength of welded joint with NiCrMo-3 filler wire was 675 MPa,which is much higher than that with 307Si filler wire.In comparison to base metal,higher microhardness and lower impact toughness were obtained in HAZ for these two welded joints,which was attributed to the precipitation of Cr7C3 phase and grain coarsening.The impact toughness around the fusion line is the worst for these two welded joints.     

Comparison of creep behaviour of 2.25Cr–1Mo/9Cr–1Mo dissimilar weld joint with its base and weld metals

Abstract

Evaluation of the creep behaviour of 2.25Cr–1Mo and 9Cr–1Mo ferritic steel base metals, 9Cr–1Mo steel weld metal, and 2.25Cr–1Mo/9Cr–1Mo ferritic–ferritic dissimilar weld joints has been carried out at 823 K in the stress range 100–260 MPa. The weld joint was fabricated by shielded metal arc welding using basic coated 9Cr–1Mo electrodes. Investigations of the microstructure and hardness variations across the joint in the as welded, post-weld heat treated (973 K/1 h), and creep tested conditions were performed. The heat affected zone (HAZ) in both the steels consisted of a coarse prior austenitic grain region, a fine prior austenitic grain region, and an intercritical structure. In the post-weld heat treated condition, a white etched soft decarburised zone in 2.25Cr–1Mo steel base metal and a black etched hard carburised zone in 9Cr–1Mo steel weld metal around the weld fusion line developed. Hardness troughs also developed in the intercritical HAZ regions of both the steels. The width of the carburised and decarburised zones and hardness differences of these zones were found to increase with creep exposure. The 9Cr–1Mo steel weld metal showed higher creep strength compared to both the base metals. The 9Cr–1Mo steel base metal exhibited better creep resistance than the 2.25Cr–1Mo steel base metal at lower applied stresses. The dissimilar joint revealed lower creep rupture strength than both the base metals and weld metal. The creep strain was found to concentrate in the decarburised zone of 2.25Cr–1Mo steel and in the intercritical HAZ regions of both the steels. Creep failure in the stress range examined occurred in the intercritical HAZ of 2.25Cr–1Mo steel even though this region showed higher hardness than the decarburised zone. Extensive creep cavitation and cracks were observed in the decarburised zone.     

Evaluation of variation of tensile strength across 316LN stainless steel weld joint using automated ball indentation technique

Tensile strength variation across 316LN stainless steel fusion welded joint comprising of base metal, deposited weld metal and heat affected zone (HAZ) has been evaluated by Automated Ball Indentation (ABI) technique. Automated Ball Indentation tests were conducted on the various zones of the steel weld joint at 300, 523 and 923?K. The flow curves obtained from ABI results were consistent with corresponding conventional uniaxial tensile test results. The HAZ exhibited higher tensile strength than the other regions of the steel weld joint at all investigated temperatures. The ratio of ultimate tensile strength to yield stress (YS), which represents the work hardening behaviour, increased with an increase in temperature for the base metal and HAZ; whereas it remained nearly the same for the weld metal.     

高温长期加热对异种钢焊接接头碳迁移及组织性能的影响

本文用热处理方法对奥氏体和珠光体异种钢接头的碳迁移现象及其对接头组织和机械性能的影响进行了研究,认为:焊缝金属有析出物出现;熔合区形成一个增碳层;热影响区形成一个脱碳的铁素体带。随回火参数 P 值增加,焊缝析出物增多,晶界加厚;增碳层加宽;脱碳层铁素体晶粒长大;接头拉伸强度,弯曲角和梅氏冲击值均降低,但这种降低在一定温度(如490℃)下逐步达到饱和。     

Effects of welding speed on the microstructure and hardness in friction stir welding joints of 6005A-T6 aluminum alloy

The 6005A-T6 aluminum alloy was friction stir welded at different welding speeds. The peak temperature, microstructure and mechanical properties were examined for these joints. A special attention was devoted to the relationship between the precipitates evolution within different zones and the local hardness. In the nugget zone (NZ) experiencing the highest peak temperature, the β″ precipitates dissolved into α-Al matrix during welding, and the hardness of NZ depended on the level of natural aging (NA) at different welding speeds. The thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) is characterized by elongated grains with a high density of dislocations. The welding speed had not a significant effect on hardness in this zone. The heat-affected zone (HAZ) contains the transformation of β″–β′, the precipitation of Q′ and the coarsening of precipitates. The HAZ close to the joint center line exhibited the minimum hardness due to the coarsening of β′ and Q′ precipitates while the HAZ far from it having a high hardness level was mainly related to coherent β″ precipitates. The HAZ hardness and joint strength have an increased tendency with increasing the welding speed. It can be explained by increasing the density of Q′ or β″ precipitates.     

BT20钛合金激光焊接接头的断裂韧性研究

对BT20钛合金及其激光焊接接头的断裂韧性进行了研究.同时分析了合金及激光焊接接头的硬度分布及显微组织.断裂实验表明,除了一个焊接接头紧凑拉伸(CT)试样是脆性启裂外,其它CT试样均在裂纹延性启裂并缓慢扩展后,发生脆性失稳断裂.母材的断裂韧性明显高于焊接接头,轧制方向对母材断裂韧性的影响不明显.焊接热影响区的断裂韧性介于母材和焊缝金属之间.本研究采用的焊后热处理没有改善焊接接头的断裂韧性,还有进一步恶化的趋势.添加活性剂对焊缝金属的断裂韧性没有明显作用,但对延性裂纹扩展长度有所改善.     

WEL-TEN 62CF钢冷裂性能分析

本文对WEL-TEN 62CF高强钢进行了碳当量和冷裂敏感系数分析计算、热影响区最高硬度试验、斜Y坡口焊接裂纹试验和十字接头焊接裂纹试验等一系列焊接试验。从冷裂倾向上分析62CF钢选用日铁L-62CF焊条,采用手工电弧焊时,焊接接头的冷裂敏感性,确定焊接时是否需要预热。通过冷裂敏感性试验,说明62CF高强钢即使在不预热的情况下,冷裂倾向都较小,但预热可降低焊接接头的硬度,有利于提高焊接接头的抗裂性能。