太平街历史文化街区保护规划及实施

太平街历史文化街区是长沙仅存保留完好的历史街区,规划制定历史街区的保护整治目标和保护范围,对历史街区的历史文物、历史建筑及院落进行分级保护。历史文化街区一期工程完善了街区一期市政基础设施,实现历史街区传统商业的复兴、历史非物质文化遗产的传承和市井生活气息的延续、传统建筑风貌的原真性保护;并探讨历史街区风貌景观整治恢复的设计方法及其可持续操作模式。     

海口着手保护与整治骑楼

<正>日前,海口骑楼建筑历史文化街区保护与综合整治工程开工仪式隆重举行,这意味着海口市开始采取行动保护和整治历史文化建筑。据悉,海口骑楼建筑历史文化街区保护与综合整治工程日前启动。一期工程启动范围总面积约13.37公顷,     

上下杭历史文化街区的整治策略研究

福州上下杭历史文化街区保存有较为完整的街区整体和鱼骨状的坊巷格局,具有完整的历史风貌与丰富的文化内涵。文章分析了上下杭街区历史遗存、价值综述、存在问题,确定了街区总体的保护框架,并从街区传统格局保护、历史街巷风貌保护、建筑高度控制、建筑保护与整治等方面提出了相应的整治策略。     

我国历史街区保护与规划的若干问题研究

在回顾我国历史街区保护的发展历程的基础上总结分析其中的经验教训和形成原因 ;同时分析了历史街区保护与整治规划的特点 ,指出历史街区风貌保护与建筑保护更新的几个问题 ;最后结合实例分析提出了我国历史街区的规模范围核定标准     

基于类设计理论的历史街区建筑的综合性整治方法——以福州“三坊七巷”为例

城市化进程的加快给福州著名的历史街区“三坊七巷”的保护与发展带来了新的机遇.以三坊七巷为例,通过对不同建筑类型的案例分析,提出了综合性整治的新概念。具体方法就是先把历史街区建筑分为文保建筑、历史建筑和新建建筑三种类型,然后对它们分别采用真实性修复、保护性改造和延续性设计三种不同的整治方法,并在延续性设计中引入类设计理论.综合性整治首先关注历史街区建筑的差异性,继而强调对不同建筑类型应使用不同整治方法的针对性,使历史街区在修复、改造和设计中得到整体性保护与持续性发展。     

西部城市历史街区的可持续发展

基于可持续发展的概念,研究了城市历史街区的正确保护与合理更新。探讨了中国西部地区在可持续发展战略指导下,应如何看待城市历史街区并提出了若干对策和建议。在回顾中国历史街区保护、发展历程的基础上,总结并分析了对历史街区保护的经验教训和形成原因;同时分析了历史街区保护与整治规划的特点,指出了历史街区风貌保护与建筑保护更新的问题;最后结合实例分析提出了中国历史街区的规模范围及核定标准。     

海口着手保护与整治骑楼

日前,海口骑楼建筑历史文化街区保护与综合整治工程开工仪式隆重举行,这意味着海口市开始采取行动保护和整治历史文化建筑。     

我国历史街区保护与规划的若干问题研究

该在回顾我国历史街区保护的发展历程的基础上总结分析其中的经验教训和形成原因；同时分析了历史街区保护与整治规划的特点，指出历史街区风貌保护与建筑保护更新的几个问题；最后结合实例分析提出了我国历史街区的规模范围核定标准。     

保护中延续历史,建设中塑造未来——漳州市台湾路历史街区整治保护

将保护历史的真实性,保持风貌的完整性,维护生活延续性贯彻到台湾路历史街区整治保护规划中,针对台湾路的文化商业历史和发展现状,从规划原则入手,介绍环境风貌的整治与市政设施的改善措施,并提出对历史街区建筑进行分类保护的具体做法。在保护实施过程中针对古建保护和设计施工进行了创新性的研究,最终摸索出一套适合漳州历史街区整治保护的简便易行的方式方法。     

福州历史文化街区保护与城市文化特色创造

福州是国家历史文化名城,在2200多年历史发展过程中,沿城市中轴线,遗存有丰富的建筑遗产,包括最重要的三处历史文化街区与七处历史文化风貌区.2006年重建屏山镇海楼,同年三坊七巷历史文化街区也开始保护修复;2007年历史文化风貌区乌山、屏山与西湖先后进行保护整治;2012年始,又陆续对朱紫坊历史文化街区、上下杭历史文化街区、苍霞与烟台山历史文化风貌区等进行保护规划编制及保护实施,福州名城已从单个历史文化街区(风貌区)保护拓延到片区风貌特区的整合;2013年始,通过对历史中轴线核心区进行保护与整治,由此拓展到整个历史文化名城的保护与发展,福州历史文化名城的文化个性特色得以逐步彰显.     

海外石油项目环境合规性规范体系研究

海外石油项目的环境合规性管理意义重大,环境合规性管理的关键问题是识别合适的规范体系。从法学理论分析,资源国法律及其批准的国际公约、投资开发协议所要求的法律法规、金融机构的融资担保合同中所要求的法律法规、投资母国的法律规范构成了对海外石油项目的硬法约束;国际组织通过约束跨国公司行为的协定指南、企业加入的自愿性承诺、国际行业标准以及被视为最佳实践和惯例的标准导则构成了软法约束。本文结合主要国际石油公司的环境合规性实践分析,认为在实际管理中,可以根据规范来源与效力、企业追求目标等因素将上述规范区分为核心规范和其他规范,其中核心规范进一步区分为必选规范和可选规范。     

Traditional, state-of-the-art and future thermal building insulation materials and solutions - Properties, requirements and possibilities

The advantages and disadvantages of the thermal building insulation materials and solutions have been treated. Both traditional, state-of-the-art and possible materials and solutions beyond these have been investigated. Examples of these may be mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, polyurethane, vacuum insulation panels, gas insulation panels, aerogels, and future possibilities like vacuum insulation materials, nano insulation materials and dynamic insulation materials. Various properties, requirements and possibilities have been compared and studied. Among these are thermal conductivity, perforation vulnerability, building site adaptability and cuttability, mechanical strength, fire protection, fume emission during fire, robustness, climate ageing durability, resistance towards freezing/thawing cycles, water resistance, costs and environmental impact. Currently, there exist no single insulation material or solution capable of fulfilling all the requirements with respect to the most crucial properties. That is, for the buildings of today and the near future, several insulation materials and solutions are used and will have to be used depending on the exact circumstances and specifications. As of today, new materials and solutions like e.g. vacuum insulation panels are emerging, but only slowly introduced in the building sector partly due to their short track record. Therefore it will be of major importance to know the limitations and possibilities of all the insulation materials and solutions, i.e. their advantages and disadvantages. In this respect new conceptual thermal building insulation materials are also discussed.     

Application of real-time quantitative PCR for the detection of selected bacterial pathogens during municipal wastewater treatment

Bacteria were detected at five stages of municipal wastewater treatment using TaqMan(R) real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Thirteen probe and primer sets were tested for diverse pathogens that may be present in wastewater, including Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, Helicobacter pylori, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella sp., and Staphylococcus aureus. The sensitivity of the assay was 100 fg of genomic DNA (=22 gene copies), based on a standard curve generated using A. hydrophila purified DNA. Samples from five stages of wastewater treatment were collected, including raw wastewater, primary effluents, mixed liquor, waste activated sludge and final effluents. In duplicate samples, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, C. perfringens and E. faecalis were detected throughout the wastewater process, and their numbers decreased by 3.52-3.98, 4.23-4.33, 3.15-3.39, and 3.24 orders of magnitude respectively, between the raw wastewater and final effluent stage. This qPCR method was effective for the detection of pathogens in wastewater and confirmed that the risk of exposure to pathogens in the wastewater discharge was well within the Environment Canada guidelines.     

中国城市国际化的历程、特征与展望

通过回顾中国国际化城市的总体历程可知:从定位看,国际化城市大致可分为国际化大都市、区域性国际城市和专业特色国际城市三类;从空间分布看,国际化城市大多为沿海、沿江、沿边开放城市,以及内陆省会开放城市和经济体制改革试点城市;从人口,经济特征看,国际化城市呈现出人口、经济和产业结构与国际化定位匹配的特征.我国一方面应编制国家...     

Stormwater control measure (SCM) maintenance considerations to ensure designed functionality

Great investment is made in the design and installation of stormwater control measures (SCMs). Substantial research investment, too, is made to optimise the performance of SCMs. However, once installed, SCMs often suffer from lack of maintenance or even outright neglect. Key maintenance needs for wet ponds, constructed stormwater wetlands, bioretention, infiltration practices, permeable pavement, swales, and rainwater harvesting systems are reviewed with many tasks, such as the cleaning of pre-treatment areas and the preservation of infiltration surfaces, being common maintenance themes among SCMs. Consequences of lacking maintenance are illustrated (mainly insufficient function or failure). Probable reasons for neglect include insufficient communication, unclear responsibilities, lack of knowledge, financial barriers, and decentralised measures. In future designs and research, maintenance (and lack thereof) should be considered. Assessing the performance of SCMs conservatively and including safety factors may prevent consequences of under-maintenance; and requiring regular inspection may help to enforce sufficient maintenance.     

Quantifying the relationship between visitor satisfaction and perceived accessibility to pedestrian spaces on festival days

Many cities organize cultural festivals to promote their distinctiveness, boost the local economy, andenhance quality of life. However, urban spaces are packed with visitors on festival days, thus affecting accessibility to pedestrian spaces. This research examined visitor satisfaction with accessibility to pedest rian spaces during special events such as festivals. We particularly focusedonthe Hakata Dontaku festival, which is celebrated in Fukuoka, Japan. We studied three main elements that affect pedestrian satisfaction and perceived accessibility through walking, namely, safety, mobility, andamenities. We first analyzed previous studies and employed analytical hierarchy process to setup indicators for satisfaction measurement. Second, we determined visitor satisfaction through a survey questionnaire, which was conducted duringthe Hakata Dontaku festival. Third, we assessed the normality of the data set that was obtained from the questionnaire. Finally, we applied structural equation modeling. Results showed that theproposed model was a good fit, as indicated by the goodness of fit test, and the majority of indicators loaded significant values that supported their constructs. Satisfaction with amenities was found to be the most statistically significant variable that influences visitors' perceived accessibility during the Hakata Dontaku festival.     

Water Resources Development: A Balanced Approach

Customers, the public generally, the water industry, its regulators and the government are aware that water can be a scarce and costly product. Resource planning and development must increasingly be viewed as a combined package of water efficiency in (a) use, (b) metering and tariff policy, (c) leakage reduction, and (d) physical schemes.
Droughts, fears over possible climate change, concerns about resources and the environment, a greater awareness of the role and costs of the water industry and statements by the Department of the Environment, the Office of Water Services, and the National Rivers Authority have added weight to this sensible shift in emphasis.
However, society needs reliable water supplies and cannot completely rely upon the uncertain impact that demand side-measures may bring about – nor, even where achieved and cost-effective, on the important savings in losses. New resource schemes can take many years to implement. Therefore, in order to ensure adequate and reliable supplies, plans for new schemes must be brought to a state of readiness, and, in many cases, implemented.     

结构鲁棒性及其评价指标

基于“偶然事件”、“局部损伤”、“不成比例破坏”和“失效后果”四个方面给出了结构鲁棒性的新定义,将结构鲁棒性的定量测度划分为四类,分别从结构的属性、结构的确定性性能、结构的可靠度以及结构的风险等方面详细阐述了目前已经提出的各种鲁棒性指标;分别采用基于承载力的鲁棒性指标、基于可靠度的鲁棒性指标以及基于风险的鲁棒性指标,对按照我国现行规范设计的钢筋混凝土框架结构的抗震鲁棒性进行了定量评价。结果表明：采用三类指标的鲁棒性评价结果一致,按照我国现行规范设计的钢筋混凝土框架结构具有良好的抗震鲁棒性。     

Urinary BTEX, MTBE and naphthalene as biomarkers to gain environmental exposure profiles of the general population

The aim of this work was to evaluate urinary benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m+p-xylene, o-xylene (BTEX), methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), and naphthalene (NAP) as biomarkers of exposure to environmental pollutants. Personal air and urine samples from 108 subjects belonging to the Italian general population were compared. Urinary profiles were obtained by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. BTEX, MTBE, ETBE and NAP median airborne exposures during a 5-h sampling were 4.0, 25.3, 3.8, 9.3, 3.4, 3.4, < 0.8, and 3.4 µg/m³, respectively. Meanwhile, median urinary levels, as geometric means of three determinations were: 122, 397, 74, 127, 43, 49, < 15, and 46 ng/L, respectively. Urinary benzene and toluene concentrations were 4.6- and 1.2-fold higher in smokers than in non-smokers. For most chemicals, significant positive correlations between airborne exposure (log-transformed) and the corresponding biological marker (log-transformed) were found, with Pearson's r values for correlation, ranging from 0.228 to 0.396. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the urinary level of these chemicals was influenced by personal airborne exposure, urinary creatinine, and urinary cotinine, with R² 0.733 for benzene. Urinary chemicals are useful biomarkers of environmental exposure. Given the ease of rapidly obtaining urine samples, they represent a non-invasive alternative to blood chemical analysis. The possibility of obtaining urinary exposure profiles makes this method an appealing tool for environmental epidemiology.     

Changes of organizations by projects

Permanent organizations, such as companies, divisions, profit and cost centres, as well as temporary organizations, i.e. projects and programmes, change. Different change types, namely organizational learning, further developing, transforming and radical re-positioning can be described by specific chains of processes. For performing change processes of permanent organizations projects and programmes can be applied.