激光主动成像图像边缘检测算法研究

针对传统Canny边缘检测算法存在的不足,结合激光主动成像末制导的实际特点,提出了一种改进的Canny边缘检测算法。该算法在Canny边缘检测算法的基础上,采用同态滤波和提升小波变换级联的方法代替传统的高斯滤波器;采用3×3邻域的权值梯度计算方法代替原有的2×2邻域差分运算;利用类间方差最大值和梯度幅值直方图来进行高低阈值的自适应取值,使算法可根据图像自身特点选择最合适的阈值。实验证明:该算法提升了传统Canny算子的抗干扰能力和鲁棒性,能够较好地保存边缘信息,准确检测出激光主动成像图像边缘,具有较强的自适应性。     

基于C-Canny算子与灰度空间的彩色图像边缘检测

提出了利用灰度图像边缘检测结果完成彩色图像边缘检测的算法,并对Canny算子进行了改进,在计算梯度幅值时采用了3×3邻域,改进后的Canny算子对噪声抑制效果明显,且检测边缘更加精细.采用了两种算法将彩色图像转换为灰度图像,利用C-Canny算子对转换后的灰度图像进行边缘检测,在灰度图像边缘检测结果基础上,完成彩色图像的边缘检测.经实际测试证明,该算法检测出的图像边缘连续性好,准确性高,对颜色数不多的彩色图像有较好的边缘检测结果.     

一种改进的Canny算子边缘检测算法

边缘是图像的基本特征之一,因此在图像处理中图像边缘检测是图像处理的一个重要部分。由于传统的Can-ny边缘检测算法是通过在2×2领域内求有限差分来计算梯度幅值的,易受噪声的影响,容易检测出孤立点和伪边缘。在基于传统的Canny边缘检测算法的基础上,采用3×3领域的梯度幅值计算方法,提高了边缘的定位精度,改善了对噪声的敏感性。实验结果表明,该算法在保证实时性的同时,具有更好的检测精度和准确度。     

一种改进型的Canny边缘检测算法

针对传统Canny边缘检测算法中固定双阈值的问题,本文提出一种改进的Canny算法,运用动态双阈值代替传统Canny算法固定双阈值,在不损失边缘图像准确度和清晰度的前提下,大大减少了边缘数据量。仿真结果表明改进Canny算法对于边缘检测效果较好,数据量较小,是一种具有实用价值的边缘检测算法。     

基于双目视觉的工件测量研究

采用双目视觉代替人眼对工件进行测量提高了生产的柔性和自动化程度.双目视觉的精度很大一部分取决于图像的预处理过程,Canny算法作为传统的边缘检测方法在边缘定位和抗噪声干扰性达到了较好的折中效果.本文提出了一种先进行Sobel算法进行边缘检测,后采取形态学运算进行细化的方法进行双目视觉的测量,将2种方法对比证明了该方法在精度上能达到Canny算法的检测精度,且不会出现边界丢失现象.     

太赫兹成像三维块匹配自适应Canny边缘检测算法

针对传统Canny算子在滤波时会模糊边缘且需要人工设置高低阈值的缺点，提出了一种基于三维块匹配的改进自适应阈值Canny边缘检测算法，并用于太赫兹三维层析成像。该算法一方面对滤波方法进行了改进，用三维块匹配(BM3D)滤波算法结合引导滤波算法代替高斯滤波算法以减少图像边缘信息的丢失；另一方面，针对传统人工设定阈值的不确定性，将梯度图进行块匹配后对三维图像块组使用最大类间方差法(OTSU)以自适应确定高低阈值。最后利用该算法对含有噪声的图像进行边缘检测处理，发现在高斯噪声方差为20时滤波后的峰值信噪比(PSNR)从22.202提升至27.151，验证了该算法去除噪声的有效性。三维块匹配改进自适应阈值Canny边缘检测算法(BM-OTSU-Canny)减少了错误边缘的数量，同时保留了连接性较好的边缘点，改善了边缘细节信息的提取效果。     

一种改进的基于Otsu算法的Canny红外边缘检测方法

在红外图像的分割处理中,阈值的选取一直是研究的热点.针对传统Canny边缘检测算法需要人为设定阈值的情况,从图像灰度的相似性和不连续性原理出发,提出了一种自适应图像边缘检测方法.该方法首先用中值滤噪代替Canny算法中的高斯滤噪,以去除图像中的背景噪声.在此基础上,采用改进的最大类间方差法来优化Canny算法双阈值中高阈值的设定原则,以保证双阈值的自适应性,再利用Canny多尺度空间边缘检测技术完成图像的分割处理.实验表明,与传统的单一算法相比,该算法提高了信噪比,简化了运算过程,可达到比较理想的边缘检测和分割效果.     

基于自适应阈值分割改进Canny算子的管道边缘检测方法研究

针对工厂中管道破损位置无法通过机器视觉准确判断的问题,提出一种基于自适应阈值分割改进Canny算子的管道边缘检测方法。该方法从滤波方式、梯度方向以及阈值分割角度对采集图像进行处理,首先采用采样-自适应中值滤波+双边滤波代替传统Canny算子中的高斯滤波,减少图像边缘信息丢失并去除图像中的噪声,然后增加梯度幅值的计算来更好地检测不同方向的边缘信息,最后为避免人工选取阈值效果不佳的情况,采用最大类间方差 (OTSU)阈值分割算 法进行阈值的自适应选取。实验表明,该方法相比于传统Canny算子的图像信噪比提升28.22%,边缘点数提升39.97%,四连通道数提升11.52%,八连通道数提升5.92%,提取特征完整且连续性较好,实现了对管道图像中破损情况的有效检测。     

基于参数化对数图像处理模型的光照不均匀图像的边缘检测算法

由于低照度以及场景光不均匀的环境下图像的成像特点,普通的边缘检测方法无法有效检测出完整清晰的边缘图像.本文结合参数化对数图像处理(PLIP)模型对低亮度图像敏感、处理效果接近人眼视觉观察的结果等优点提出一种新的边缘检测算法.首先,利用PLIP模型理论推导出新的梯度算子,然后分析传统Canny算法检测边缘过程的不足并加以改进,并将推导出的新梯度代替了传统Canny算法中的梯度,运用Canny算子的三个最佳边缘检测标准提取图像的边缘.最后,通过对微光实验平台获取的低照度和场景光不均匀环境下的图像进行边缘检测对比验证.实验结果表明,新算法边缘检测的线型连接程度相较于传统Canny算法、Sobel算法和原对数图像处理模型(LIP)算法分别提升了约10％、30％和4％,其检测效果更佳.     

Canny边缘检测算法的改进及FPGA实现

针对传统的Canny算子采用高斯滤波会造成图像的过度平滑并导致弱边缘检测能力降低的缺点,提出了一种改进的Canny边缘检测算法,采用中值滤波代替高斯滤波,利用中值滤波器能有效地清除脉冲噪声的优点以提高边缘检测精度.该算法在FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)上得以实现,实验结果表明改进后的算法提高了弱边缘的检测能力.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.