Über das Zusammenwirken der Gestaltung und Emergenz von Geschäftsprozessen als Organisationsroutinen

Much of the BPM literature views business process design and implementation as a top-down process that is built on strategic alignment and managerial control. While this view has enabled the design of many IT artifacts for business processes, it is inconsistent with the observation that information infrastructures, including a company’s business process infrastructure, are at drift, a term that refers to the lack of top-down management control. The paper contributes to resolving this inconsistency by developing a meta-framework that conceptualizes business processes as emergent organizational routines that are represented, enabled, and constrained by IT artifacts. IT artifacts are developed in processes of functional-hierarchical decomposition and social design processes. Organizational routines have ostensive and performative aspects, forming a mutually constitutive duality. A literature review demonstrates that the propositions offered by the meta-framework have been insufficiently considered in the BPM field. The paper concludes with an outlook to applying the meta-framework to theorize about the interplay of design projects with the subsequent emergence of business processes in organizations.     

Messung der Standardnähe von betrieblicher Standardsoftware

In order to optimize the economical use of SAP software systems and to increase the cost effectiveness of the SAP investment, the available SAP standard system should be implemented in the best possible way. While standard functionality has no negative effects on maintenance and operating cost, modification of the standard has the potential to drive costs (Markus et al. 2000). An integrated methodology and an efficient instrument for the operational and strategic evaluation of this topic are crucial for an efficient application of SAP standard software. This article describes a new technical measurement methodology based on key performance indicators. This measurement methodology allows for measuring the standard proximity (i. e. proximity of used functionality to standard functionality) in SAP systems thereby creating transparency regarding the use of the available standard and non-standard functions. The methodology is evaluated in the context of a case study within the BMW Group. From the results of the measurement, actions are derived which foster the standard utilization and thus the efficiency of an SAP system.     

Die Bedeutung von nationaler Kultur für die Gestaltung von Informationssystemen

In this contribution a literature review is conducted to illustrate how national culture influences phases of the design of information systems. For this purpose, we review the literature in order to identify reliable and commonly approved findings as well as still open remaining questions. Fundamentally, our literature review is a comprehensive framework that sets typical dimensions of system design as well as main types of cultural research in relation to each other. The existing research results in the area of national culture are classified along the levels of system design and attributed to typical phases of the design of information systems. It thus becomes apparent that in the domain of culture and information system design it is often only the design subject or the design object that is addressed. Contributions that connect both levels rarely exist. In our review, only a limited number of publications could be identified that covered concrete phases of the development providing system design, implementation, as well as verification and validation. From a theoretical perspective, there is an obvious dominance of Hofstede??s cultural dimensions that well address single topics of the design, such as user interface and inter cultural problems in development teams. Other domains, however (e.g., technology and architecture), are inadequately explained. Further, a predominantly phenomenological focus becomes obvious. The observed cultural phenomena and the connected interpretations are usable in a limited way for concrete development initiatives. The contribution ends with the vision of a theory for the culturally sensitive design of socio technical information systems that absorbs current scientific knowledge and unites it in a structured approach.     

Gestaltung hybrider Wertschöpfung mittels Architekturen – Analyse am Beispiel des Business Engineering

The increasing competition forces enterprises to establish differentiation strategies more than ever. The creation of innovative bundles, consisting of material and immaterial elements, is such a strategy and known as “hybrid value creation”. In order to support enterprises during their change towards a hybrid solution supplier, procedures and techniques are needed which are embedded in a certain structure. Architecture Frameworks can support such a structured transformation of enterprises. The intention of the paper is to identify requirements for architectures for hybrid value creation and to check these requirements by using the St. Gallen Business Engineering Framework.     

Management Support with Structured and Unstructured Data—An Integrated Business Intelligence Framework

Abstract

In the course of the evolution of management support towards corporate wide Business Intelligence infrastructures, the integration of components for handling unstructured data comes into focus. In this paper, three types of approaches for tackling the respective challenges are distinguished. The approaches are mapped to a three layer BI framework and discussed regarding challenges and business potential. The application of the framework is exemplified for the domains of Competitive Intelligence and Customer Relationship Management.     

Virtuelle Entkopplung von fachlichen und IT-Strukturen für das IT/Business Alignment – Grundlagen,Architekturgestaltung und Umsetzung am Beispiel der Domänenbildung

IT/business alignment is one of the main topics of information systems research. If IT artifacts and business-related artifacts are coupled point-to-point, however, complex architectures become unmanageable over time. In computer science, concepts like the ANSI/SPARC three-level database architecture propose an architecture layer which decouples external views on data and the implementation view of data. In this paper, a similar approach for IT/business alignment is proposed. The proposed alignment architecture is populated by enterprise services as elementary artifacts. Enterprise services link software components and process activities. They are aggregated into applications and subsequently into domains for planning/design and communication purposes. Most design approaches for the construction of enterprise services, applications and domains are top-down, i. e. stepwise decompose complex artifacts. As an alternative which takes into account coupling semantics, we propose a bottom-up approach which is demonstrated for the identification of domains. Our approach is evaluated using a telecommunications equipment case study.     

Business Intelligence，还有很长的路要走——记SAP鲁百年博士专访

说起Business Intelligence,很多人会想到OLAP,或是沃尔玛的"啤酒和尿布"的经典案例。但Business Intelligence这个名词的起源却很少有人了解。在十多年前,业界流传着DSS(Decision Support System)这个概念也就是决策支持系统。随着时间的推移,到了20世纪末,有一位叫伯纳德·利奥托德的人首先提出了     

Klassifikation von IT-Sicherheitsvorfällen

Datenschutz und Datensicherheit - DuD - Das IT-Sicherheitsgesetz verlangt die Meldung wesentlicher Vorfälle, welche zu Ausfällen oder Beeinträchtigungen von kritischen...     

Konzeptive Ergonomie: Früherkennung von Sichtbeschränkungen mit Hilfe der Ergoskopie

Beschrieben wird eine bislang von der Ergonomie nicht genutzte Technik, eventuelle Sichtbeschrankungen auf fotografischem Wegezu erfassen: Mit Hilfe der “Ergoskopie” ist es möglich, auf mangelnde Sicht zurückzuführende Behinderungen an Steuerständen oder in Fahrzeugen bereits wahrend der Konstruktionsphase anschaulich und hinreichend genau zu erkennen und sie zeit-und kostengiinstig und mit gcringem Aufwand zu beseitigen. Hierzu ist lediglich die Anfertigung eincs maBstäblich verkleinerten Modells erforderlich, wie es ohnehin in den meisten Fallen als Anschauungshiife angefertigt wird.     

Sicherung der Netzneutralität

Die Geschichte des Internets ist eine Erfolgsgeschichte. Dieser Erfolg beruht u.a. auf einer neutralen Datenübermittlung, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass Netzbetreiber Datenpakete von und an ihre Kunden unver?ndert und gleichberechtigt übertragen, unabh?ngig davon, woher diese stammen und welche Anwendungen die Pakete generiert haben. In jüngster Zeit werden Forderungen nach Verkehrsregelungen im Internet lauter. Begründet wird diese Initiative mit einer drohenden Netzüberlastung, die durch die wachsende Popularit?t von Videoangeboten wie YouTube oder Streaming-Angeboten wie Hulu entsteht. Kritiker befürchten, dass durch den Einsatz neuer Netzwerkmanagementtechniken die Innovationsoffenheit und die freie Kommunikation im Internet gef?hrdet werden. Der Beitrag analysiert die M?glichkeiten und Grenzen der Gew?hrleistung von Netzneutralit?t durch das deutsche Telekommunikations- und Medienrecht.     

Der Wertbeitrag von Prozessflexibilität

Promising to cope with increasing demand variety and uncertainty, flexibility in general and process flexibility in particular are becoming ever more desired corporate capabilities. During the last years, the business process management and the production/operations management communities have proposed numerous approaches that investigate how to valuate and determine an appropriate level of process flexibility. Most of these approaches are very restrictive regarding their application domain, neglect characteristics of the involved processes and outputs other than demand and capacity, and do not conduct a thorough economic analysis of process flexibility. Against this backdrop, the authors propose an optimization model that determines an appropriate level of process flexibility in line with the principles of value-based business process management. The model includes demand uncertainty, variability, criticality, and similarity as process characteristics. The paper also reports on the insights gained from applying the optimization model to the coverage switching processes of an insurance broker pool company.