基于FPGA的视频图像采集系统的设计

分析了各种视频采集方案的研究现状.对如何采用CCD摄像头采集高分辨率、高质量的图像以及基于FPGA的嵌入式视频图像采集系统的实现方法进行了研究.采用了以摄像头 解码芯片模式为采集方案,针对视频解码芯片ADV7181B,实现了I2C总线配置、ITU656解码、VGA显示模块的设计.设计的视频采集控制器已经在Altera公司的CycloneⅡ系列FPGA(EP2C35)上实现.结果显示本设计具有速度高、成本低、易于集成等优点.     

基于FPGA的ITU-656标准视频解码及存储系统设计

本文主要从视频图像采集系统出发,针对基于FPGA视频采集系统中需要实时显示和高效存储视频数据的问题,设计了视频解码和SDRAM存储模块。在整个系统中使用CCD摄像头将采集到的模拟信号经解码芯片ADV7181B解码后,转换为数字信号,并使用乒乓存储方法存储在SDRAM中,以方便提供给后期其他操作。在分析了视频解码及SDRAM的基本原理和主要参数的基础上,利用Verilog语言实现了将有效视频数据分离出来并串行输出,同时也将图像分辨率调整为符合VGA显示的像素大小。另一方面通过乒乓缓存也保证了实时性、高速度的数据存储。最后,经过Modelsim仿真验证,证明了本设计的有效性。     

一种基于FPGA的实时视频跟踪系统硬件平台设计

提出一种基于FPGA的视频跟踪系统硬件平台的设计方法,包括主控芯片、CMOS图像采集、多端口SDRAM控制器、图像VGA显示、SOPC系统和云台控制驱动等电路的设计。通过该平台,可以实现实时图像采集、缓存、显示和云台驱动;在SOPC系统中加入代码,可以实现运动目标的检测、跟踪、定位,改变云台转动方向,实现自主跟踪。     

基于FPGA与TW2867的实时图像采集系统设计

核心板主要由FPGA+两片DDR2构成,负责实现视频图像处理的核心算法.系统充分利用了FPGA并行处理的能力,加上两片DDR2构建32位总线,整个系统的带宽高达10 Gbps;两片DDR2容量高达2 Gb,满足视频处理过程中对高缓冲区的需求.选用的FPGA为Altera公司Cyclone Ⅳ系列的EP4CE30F23C6N芯片,针对视频解码芯片TW2867、实现了I2C总线配置、VGA显示模块的设计.实验结果显示,本设计具有成本低、速度高、易于集成的优点.     

基于PXI总线高速图像采集显示系统设计

为解决高速Camera Link数据视频图像信号的采集与显示问题,提出了以PXI系统为平台,利用FPGA强大的并行处理能力及内部丰富的块RAM资源,模块化设计PXI接口模块,Camera Link数据接收模块,SDRAM缓存模块及VGA显示控制模块,同时利用FPGA构造出相应的VGA时序信号,控制视频转换芯片ADV7123实现两路图像数据的图形显示的系统设计;试验结果表明,该系统可实现输入100 MB/s图像数据的实时显示,达到了预期的效果,具有一定的实用性和推广价值。     

SCCB总线配置的FPGA视频采集与显示系统设计

提出了一种采用Altera公司的EP2C5Q208CN作为主控芯片,OV7670模块作为视频源输入并以SDRAM作为数据缓存的方案。通过对SCCB总线配置、图像数据采集、图像数据预处理、VGA显示等模块设计,完成了视频数据的采集与图像的输出显示。经过相关测试,本设计具有成本低、实时性强、可靠高好等优点。     

基于NiosⅡ的VGA图像控制器的研究与设计

VGA(视频图形阵列)作为一种标准的显示接口得到了广泛的应用.随着嵌入式系统的迅速发展,尤其是高速图像处理的发展,对实时图像处理进行显示有了更多的需要.本文依据VGA显示原理,"抛弃"VGA显示专用芯片,采用SOPC(可编程片上系统)技术,将NiosⅡ32位处理器软核嵌入到FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)中.通过编写DMA控制模块和VGA显示控制模块,设计TVGA图像显示控制器.此方法构建的VGA显示系统体积小、功耗低、可靠性强.     

基于FPGA的视频监控系统

设计并实现了一个基于FPGA的视频监控系统。在FPGA中设计I2C总线配置模块对视频芯片ADV7181进行合理的配置,介绍了视频信号的处理过程,包括ITUR656视频解码、视频插值、解交织和色度空间变换。处理后的视频一路通过VGA接口在本地显示器上显示,另外一路经过压缩后通过网络传输到网络终端,从而实现网络远程监控。     

基于FPGA的千兆以太网终端显示系统的设计

VGA（视频图像阵列）作为一种标准的显示接口得到广泛应用;千兆以太网具有传输速度快、传输距离远、稳定可靠等优点,是当前嵌入式系统的应用热点;FPGA拥有丰富的逻辑和光脚资源,常用于高速数据处理和通信的嵌入式系统。文中结合以上三点,介绍了基于FPGA的千兆以太网终端显示系统的设计。通过对该系统方案进行分析,将设计分为3个模块：数据包接收及解析模块、双口RAM缓存模块和VGA控制器模块。文中详细介绍了这3个模块的设计方法,并在此技术上实现了3个模块协同工作完成整个系统的功能,并给出了系统仿真结果和显示效果。     

基于NiosII的VGA图像控制器的研究与设计

VGA（视频图形阵列）作为一种标准的显示接口得到了广泛的应用。随着嵌入式系统的迅速发展,尤其是高速图像处理的发展,对实时图像处理进行显示有了更多的需要。本文依据VGA显示原理,“抛弃”VGA显示专用芯片,采用SOPC（可编程片上系统）技术,将Ni0SII32位处理器软核嵌入到FPGA（现场可编程门阵列）中。通过编写DMA控制模块和VGA显示控制模块,设计TVGA图像显示控制器。此方法构建的VGA显示系统体积小、功耗低、可靠性强。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.