氯氧镁水泥耐水性能改善研究

在磷酸、粉煤灰、硬脂酸钙单一改性研究的基础上,采取磷酸、粉煤灰、硬脂酸钙和磷酸、粉煤灰、苯丙乳液两种复合体系分别对氯氧镁水泥进行复合改性。结果表明,同时掺入1%磷酸、20%粉煤灰和1%硬脂钙或1%苯丙乳液均可有效提高5·1·8主晶相在水中的稳定性,提高材料的密实度和耐水性能,其中以磷酸、粉煤灰及苯丙乳液三者复合改性效果最佳;最优改性试样的3及7d强度分别高达63.4,75.1MPa,软化系数高达0.9,浸水7d,泡水强度保持在68.1 MPa,较空白样提升了60.2%,复合改性效果显著。     

磷酸/聚合物复合改善氯氧镁水泥耐水性能与机理的研究

在磷酸、聚合物单一改性的基础上,采用磷酸与苯丙乳液、硅丙乳液分别对氯氧镁水泥进行复合耐水性能改性实验。结果表明,磷酸能够提高氯氧镁水泥体系的耐水性能,但对水泥有明显的缓凝作用;苯丙、硅丙等高分子聚合物乳液对氯氧镁水泥的耐水性能没有明显的改性效果;磷酸能够促进聚合物膜在水化产物表面的粘附与覆盖,形成复合耐水保护层,适量的苯丙或硅丙乳液与磷酸复合,对氯氧镁水泥耐水性改性效果远好于单掺磷酸或聚合物,且克服了磷酸缓凝和早期强度大幅下降的缺陷。     

镁氯胶凝材料复合改性的研究

在对磷酸、粉煤灰分别改性研究的基础上,采取磷酸、粉煤灰及苯丙乳液对镁氯胶凝材料耐水性进行复合改性。研究结果表明,同时掺入20%粉煤灰、1%磷酸及5%苯丙乳液,可有效提高5.1.8主晶相在水中的稳定性,提高材料的密实度和抗水性能;水泥石的软化系数及早期强度均得到显著提高,分别达到0.90和48.6MPa;浸水28d抗压强度衰减较小,保持64.4MPa的高水平。综合改性效果显著。     

水泥泡沫混凝土的改性研究

采用丁苯乳液、苯丙乳液、硅灰、粉煤灰和橡胶粉等外加剂分别对物理发泡水泥混凝土的性能进行单一和复合改进试验。结果表明,复掺硅灰和丁苯乳液可显著提高泡沫混凝土早期强度,并降低吸水率,改善混凝土性能,当硅灰掺量4%,丁苯乳液掺量12%时,混凝土吸水率降低17%,7d抗压强度增加0.5 MPa;丁苯乳液对降低泡沫混凝土吸水率有一定促进作用;苯丙乳液对混凝土强度影响较大;硅灰与粉煤灰降低吸水率效果不佳;橡胶粉不能作为混凝土外加改性材料。     

不同配比改性硫氧镁水泥胶凝试样的强度影响

改性硫氧镁水泥混凝土作为一种新型耐腐蚀材料,其具有很高的推广应用价值,对不同配比、不同外加剂含量下的改性硫氧镁水泥胶凝试样进行强度测试,结果表明:采用50%活性含量的轻烧氧化镁,柠檬酸对配比6-20和9-20的改性硫氧镁水泥试样流动度改性效果明显;配比6-20改性硫氧镁水泥试样28 d抗折、抗压强度都随着外加剂掺量增加而增加;小于2%的柠檬酸掺量对配比9-20改性硫氧镁水泥试样抗压强度改性作用巨大;掺4%的柠檬酸时,9-20配比的改性硫氧镁水泥试样具有最高的28 d抗折强度和较高的折压比;根据28 d强度分析,针对9-20配比,活性含量50%、60%的轻烧氧化镁,最佳柠檬酸掺量分别为3%～4%与1.2%。     

硅烷改性苯丙乳液对脱硫石膏防水性能的影响

以工业副产品脱硫石膏为原料,研究了硅烷改性苯丙乳液对脱硫石膏防水性能的影响和机理。研究硅烷改性苯丙乳液分别对脱硫石膏的软化系数、抗压强度和吸水率的影响,当掺加量在0.1%以内时脱硫石膏的软化系数和抗压强度逐渐增加,超过0.1%时缓慢减小,而吸水率随硅烷改性苯丙乳液掺加量的增加逐渐降低。硅烷改性苯丙乳液掺量为0.1%时脱硫石膏的软化系数达到0.72、抗压强度9.0MPa、吸水率36%,与空白样相比,软化系数和抗压强度分别提高了148%和18%,吸水率降低了33%。通过多种表征手段对硅烷改性苯丙乳液防水机理的研究,发现硅烷改性苯丙乳液在脱硫石膏晶体表面形成一层坚固的疏水膜,抑制脱硫石膏晶体的生长,增加脱硫石膏的防水性。     

磷酸镁水泥增韧改性研究进展

磷酸镁水泥(MPC)具有快凝快硬、早期强度高、流动性好等优点,但突出的高脆性问题严重限制了它的工程应用。综合国内外磷酸镁水泥韧性改善的研究进展,对比分析磷酸镁水泥主要增韧改性方式聚合物乳液、短切纤维和纤维织物对磷酸镁水泥的增韧改性效果。聚合物乳液掺量较高时可改善MPC的变形、抗裂能力,但是会导致MPC早期工作性能和强度降低,限制了聚合物乳液在MPC增韧改性方向的应用;短切纤维和纤维织物对MPC的粘结性、抗裂性和抗冲击性能均具有较好的改善作用,采用高弹性模量纤维增韧有利于MPC在混凝土道路抢修、混凝土结构快速修补、隧道用喷射混凝土等方向的应用。     

铅离子对复合磷酸盐磷酸镁水泥水化硬化特性的影响

研究了铅离子对复合磷酸盐磷酸镁水泥水化硬化特性的影响及其在复合磷酸盐磷酸镁水泥中的稳定性。实验结果表明,复合磷酸盐磷酸镁水泥抗压强度随着铅离子掺量的增加而降低,其中硝酸铅掺量达到10%时,复合磷酸盐磷酸镁水泥的各个龄期的抗压强度发生明显下降。铅离子对复合磷酸盐磷酸镁水泥凝结时间没有明显影响。在复合磷酸盐磷酸镁水泥水化过程中,铅离子对水泥体系的pH值影响不大,但能够造成水泥水化放热峰出现的时间延迟,水化放热的总量减少并影响主要水化产物的结晶程度。在复合磷酸盐磷酸镁水泥水化反应后期,当硝酸铅掺量达到10%以上时,在水化产物中出现了较为明显的Pb2P2O7的衍射峰。复合磷酸盐磷酸镁水泥固化铅离子的浸出毒性试验结果(43μg/L)远低于国家标准要求(5mg/L)。     

促进水泥泡沫混凝土凝结硬化的试验与研究

采用硅灰、氯化钙和碳酸锂等外加剂分别对物理发泡水泥混凝土的凝结硬化性能进行单一和复合改进试验。结果表明,氯化钙能够有效促进水泥泡沫混凝土的凝结与硬化,当氯化钙掺量为2%(36 g)时,混凝土的初凝和终凝时间均缩短了11 h,7 d抗压强度增加了0.8 MPa;硅灰对水泥泡沫混凝土凝结硬化有一定的促进作用;碳酸锂促凝效果不明显;硅灰和氯化钙复掺没有表现出较大的复合效应。     

粉煤灰对氯氧镁水泥早期性能的影响

为了研究粉煤灰对氯氧镁水泥的改性作用以及拓展氯氧镁水泥在青海等地的应用,将粉煤灰掺入氯氧镁水泥中,分析了粉煤灰对氯氧镁水泥的凝结时间、强度、耐水性和耐硫酸盐的影响.结果表明:掺入粉煤灰会延长氯氧铁水泥的凝结时间,粉煤灰的掺量与初终凝时间呈线性相关;掺入20％粉煤灰能提高氯氧镁水泥的28天强度和耐水性;硫酸盐环境能够改善氯氧镁水泥的耐水性,虽然大掺量(40％)的氯氧铁水泥浸泡硫酸盐后强度降低幅度较大,但浸硫酸盐后氯氧镁水泥的剩余抗压强度依然是对照组普通硅酸盐水泥强度的1.5倍,适宜将其应用于干旱、少雨、硫酸盐侵蚀比较严重的西藏、青海等西部环境中.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to