La0.67-xCa0.33MnO3系列样品的磁热效应

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同空位浓度掺杂的La0.67-xCa0.33MnO3系列样品(x=0.00,0.02,0.06,0.10),用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了样品的形态和颗粒大小,X射线衍射实验结果显示样品为单相钙钛矿结构,用振动样品磁强计(VSM)测量了样品的磁化强度随温度变化的M-T曲线和起始磁化M-H曲线.研究了空位浓度对样品的居里温度Tc和磁熵变的影响.结果表明,空位浓度的掺杂将样品的居里温度Tc提高至室温附近,磁熵变得到增强.对于经历了一级相变的样品La0.67-xCa0 33MnO3(x=0.02),在居里温度Tc(277 K)附近和1T外磁场下,最大磁熵变达到了2.78 J/(kg·K).     

YSZ-Al2O3多孔复合膜的制备和表征

制备了氧化钇稳定的氧化锆(YSZ)膜层与氧化铝支撑体之间组分递变的YSZ-Al2O3复合膜层.为提高分离膜层的性能,考虑了组分递变及膜层厚度的控制.结果表明,复合膜层的热膨胀系数和烧结收缩率随着YSZ组分的增加而增加;烧结收缩率是选择复合膜层组分时应该考虑的主要因素.YSZ体积分数分别为20%和80%的YSZ Al2O3双层多孔复合膜,其可几孔径分别为0.72μm和0.36μm.该复合膜既是性能优良的微滤膜,也是制备氧化锆超滤膜和纳滤膜的良好支撑体.     

π电子共轭键结构对材料非线性光学性能影响研究

合成了具有不同π电子共轭键3个新的有机光学材料4-(吡啶-4-乙烯),4'-(N,N-二羟乙基氨基)二乙烯苯(a),N-((4-(N,N-二羟乙基氨基)-苯亚甲基)-4-(吡啶-4-乙烯)苯胺(b)和4-(吡啶-4-乙烯),4'-(N,N-二羟乙基氨基)偶氮苯(c),使用脉宽8ns波长532nm调Q倍频ns/ps Nd:YAG脉冲激光系统测试了它们的非线性光学性能,研究了分子结构与非线性光学性能之间的关系.结果显示这些化合物具有大的三阶非线性光学系数,这可能来源于它们长的D-π-A共轭电子结构;以N=N双键为共轭键的化合物的非线性光学性能优于以C=N或G=C双键为共轭键的化合物.     

Fabrication of Ag and Cu nanowires by a solid-state ionic method and investigation of their third-order nonlinear optical properties

Ag and Cu nanowires were separately fabricated in a direct current electric field using a solid-state ionic method, and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Their optical nonlinearities induced by 8 ns laser pulses from a frequency-doubled, Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm, were investigated using the Z-scan technique. Experimental results indicate the metal nanowires have obvious positive refractive nonlinearities and reverse saturated absorption behaviors. The self-focusing behaviors of Ag and Cu nanowires can be attributed to Kerr-induced self-focusing of laser radiation, the nonlinear refractive indexes of Ag and Cu nanowires are n₂ = 1.7 × 10^− 11 esu and n₂ = 2.4 × 10^− 11 esu respectively, and the two-photon process of Ag and the one-photon process of Cu are responsible for the difference between Ag and Cu nanowires suspended in de-ionized water in nanosecond nonlinear absorptions.     

新型含非线性生色团的聚炔共聚物的制备和光限幅

制备了一个新型可溶的含非线性生色团的聚炔共聚物,在8ns脉宽532nm下研究了不同浓度溶液的光限幅性能.采用Z-扫描技术测试了聚合物的激发态吸收,基于非线性理论对光限幅机理进行了讨论.结果表明聚合物的激发态吸收截面大于其基态吸收截面,其光限幅性能主要来源于分子的反饱和吸收(RSA).     

Donor/acceptor effects on the nonlinear optical properties of 1,3 diphenyl propenones

Employing the single beam Z-scan technique with nanosecond laser pulses at 532 nm, the refractive and absorptive nonlinearities of donor and acceptor substituted (2E)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one have been studied. The sign of the nonlinear index of refraction (n ₂) is found to be negative and the magnitude of n ₂ is in the order of 10^?11 esu. The second-order molecular hyperpolarizability (γ_h) is calculated to be in the order of 10^?32 esu. The variation of nonlinear absorption coefficient (β_eff) with input intensity (I ₀) is studied and the nonlinear absorption mechanism is found to be reverse saturable absorption (RSA). The enhancement of nonlinearity due to the donor and acceptor substitution is in accordance with the variation in π electron delocalization in the molecules. The compounds exhibit good optical limiting as well.     

Picosecond nonlinear optical studies of gold nanoparticles synthesised using coriander leaves (Coriandrum sativum)

The results are presented from the experimental picosecond nonlinear optical (NLO) studies of gold nanoparticles synthesised using coriander leaf (Coriandrum sativum) extract. Nanoparticles with an average size of ～30?nm (distribution of 5–70?nm) were synthesised according to the procedure reported by Narayanan et al. [Mater. Lett. 2008, 62, 4588–4591]. NLO studies were carried out using the Z-scan technique using 2?ps pulses near 800?nm. Open-aperture data suggested saturation absorption as the nonlinear absorption mechanism, whereas closed-aperture data suggested a positive nonlinearity. The magnitude of third-order nonlinearity was estimated to be (3.3?±?0.6)?×?10^?13?esu. A solvent contribution to the nonlinearity was also identified and estimated. A comparison is attempted with some recently reported NLO studies of similar gold nanostructures.     

薄膜生长基底对FeS2晶体取向的影响

用Fe膜硫化法制备了FeS2薄膜,分析了基底对FeS2薄膜晶体结构和位向分布的影响.结果表明,改变基底晶体的类型能够在一定程度上控制FeS2薄膜的晶体位向分布.FeS2薄膜在Si(100)、Si(111)和Al基底上可获得(200)方向的择优取向,在TiO2基底上可同时获得(200)及(220)择优取向,非晶玻璃基底对位向分布影响不明显.不同的基底与Fe薄膜的界面错配度不同,可改变薄膜晶体位向的分布,导致晶格畸变程度和晶粒尺寸的变化.当基底为非晶结构或界面的错配度较大时,FeS2晶体的取向分布主要受表面能和晶粒优先生长方向的控制,薄膜具有较小的晶格畸变和较细的晶粒;当基底为晶态并且界面错配度较小时,FeS2晶体取向的分布除受表面能及晶粒优先生长方向控制外,还受界面应变能的控制,此时薄膜易形成较大的晶格畸变和粗晶粒.     

2-炔丙基-4-[4-N,N-二乙基苯偶氮基]苯甲酸酯的合成、表征及光限幅性能

使用二环己基碳酰亚胺(DCC)和N,N-二甲基吡啶(DMAP)催化合成了非线性生色化合物2-炔丙基-4-[4-N,N-二乙基苯偶氮基]苯甲酸酯(PBAB)。与酸催化等法进行比较,DCC／DMAP催化法具有反应条件温和、产率高的优点。用紫外、红外、核磁和元素分析对化合物结构进行表征。测定了其光限幅性能,在低入射激光光强时,透射光强度随入射光强度增加而增加：当入射光强度达151．4GW／cm^2透射光强开始偏离线性,呈现非线性光限幅效应。对其限幅机制进行了分析,结果显示产物对1064nm波长激光的限幅机制主要是双光子吸收机制。