Evaluation of Wheat Bran Obtained by Tangential Abrasive Dehulling Device

A tangential abrasive dehulling device (TADD) was used to evaluate debranning properties of wheat grain and obtain grain fractions enriched in antioxidants. Effect of grain moisture content and abrasion time on the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of the fractions were examined. Whole wheat, bran from a quadrumat senior mill, and a commercial aleurone sample were used as references. Total phenolic content (TPC), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity of the TADD bran extracts were determined and compared to those of the reference materials and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). TADD bran fraction obtained at original grain moisture level, 11%, and short abrasion time, 1 min, had the highest ORAC value among the samples examined in this study. Only the sample obtained at 11% moisture level and 1 min abrasion time had similar ORAC, TPC, and DPPH values that are similar to those of the commercial aleurone despite the big difference in their starch content. The effect of grain moisture, abrasion time, and moisture?×?abrasion time interaction had significant effects on the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of the fractions. This study demonstrated that TADD was very effective in producing wheat grain fractions with high antioxidant content.     

Role of carbohydrases on the release of reducing sugar, total phenolics and on antioxidant properties of oat bran

Aqueous solutions of medium oat bran flour were treated with four carbohydrases viscozyme, celluclast, alpha-amylase, and amyloglucosidase, and then extracted with equal volume of methanol. The resulting extracts were examined for their reducing sugar content, total phenolic content (TPC), oxygen radical scavenging absorbance capacity (ORAC), hydroxyl radical scavenging effect, superoxide scavenging activity, and ferrous ion chelating potential. The amount of reducing sugar increased form 2.0% in the control sample to 21.4% in the sample treated with four fungal beta-glucanase units/g of bran. The increase in reducing sugar was also associated with subsequent increase of other extractable compounds. The total phenolic content as measured by Folin-Ciocalteu’s method ranged from 0.50 to 4.80 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of bran, whereas the ORAC values were 14.4-25.4 μM of Trolox equivalents/g of bran. All the samples treated with carbohydrases had higher TPC content and higher ORAC values than the control sample (no enzyme treatment). In the hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, except for the alpha-amylase treated sample, all other samples demonstrated a greater inhibition power than the control. These results indicated that pre-treatment of oat bran with cell wall degrading enzymes (i.e. carbohydrases) is a way to increase the amount of extracted phenols as well as the antioxidant properties of oat bran samples.     

不同品种李子多酚组成及抗氧化活性

为研究不同品种李子果皮、果肉多酚组成及抗氧化活性,以9个不同品种的李子(芙蓉李、巫山李、玫瑰李、红布李、黑布李、西梅李、脆红李、江安李、青李)为原料,提取游离酚和结合酚,测定其1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除能力和抗氧化能力(oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC)值,并通过高效液相色谱分析其多酚组成。结果显示:9种李子果皮总酚含量范围为111.52~775.88 mg GAE/100 g;果肉总酚含量范围为120.65~301.91 mg GAE/100 g,其中红布李果皮、果肉总酚含量均最高,西梅李总酚含量均最低。在多酚组成上,游离酚含量显著高于结合酚,且多酚组分主要为酚酸(原儿茶酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸)。体外抗氧化结果显示:9种李子果皮、果肉多酚均具有一定的抗氧化活性,DPPH自由基清除IC50值范围为4.38~46.46μg/m L,ORAC值范围为0.24~210.50μmol TE/g,其中巫山李果肉游离酚对DPPH自由基的清除能力最强,红布李果皮游离酚ORAC值最高。     

黑脉羊肚菌多酚分级制备及其抗氧化活性

以黑脉羊肚菌为原料,采用不同极性溶剂提取多酚,分别得到乙酸乙酯相、甲醇相和水相多酚提取物,通过高效液相色谱分析其组分,测定其对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除能力、2,2’-联氨-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate),ABTS)自由基清除能力和抗氧化能力指数(oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC)值,并探讨该多酚提取物含量与抗氧化相关性。结果表明,黑脉羊肚菌总酚含量为20.109 mg/g,其中水相组分多酚含量最高(14.478 mg/g),甲醇相次之(5.443 mg/g),乙酸乙酯相组分多酚含量最低(0.188 mg/g)。3种溶剂的多酚提取物组成中,荭草素含量均为最高。水相组分清除DPPH自由基能力最强,甲醇相组分清除ABTS~+·能力最强,乙酸乙酯相组分具有较高的ORAC值。多酚含量与DPPH自由基清除率、ORAC值具有显著相关性(P0.05)。     

Phytochemicals and antioxidant capacities in rice brans of different color

Rice bran, a byproduct of the rice milling process, contains most of the phytochemicals. This study aimed at determining the concentrations of lipophilic, solvent-extractable (free), and cell wall-bound (bound) phytochemicals and their antioxidant capacities from brans of white, light brown, brown, purple, and red colors, and broccoli and blueberry for comparison. The concentrations of lipophilic antioxidants of vitamin E (tocopherol and tocotrienols) and γ-oryzanols were 319.67 to 443.73 and 3861.93 to 5911.12 μg/g bran dry weight (DW), respectively, and were not associated with bran color. The total phenolic, total flavonoid, and antioxidant capacities of ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, and iron-chelating in the free fraction were correlated with the intensity of bran color, while variations of these in the bound fraction were less than those in the free fraction among brans. Compounds in the bound fraction had higher antioxidant capacity of ORAC than DPPH, relative to those in the free fraction. The bound fraction of light-color brans contributed as much to its total ORAC as the free fraction. Total proanthocyanidin concentration was the highest in red rice bran, while total anthocyanin was highest in purple brans. The predominant anthocyanin was cyanidin-3-glucoside. Red and purple brans had several fold higher total phenolics and flavonoids as well as ORAC and DPPH, from both free and bound fractions, than freeze-dried blueberry and broccoli. These results indicate that rice brans are natural sources of hydrophilic and lipophilic phytochemicals for use in quality control of various food systems as well as for nutraceutical and functional food application.     

酿造啤酒大麦发芽前后多酚组分变化及抗氧化活性

以8?种酿造啤酒大麦及麦芽为原料,分别提取游离酚和结合酚,分析多酚组分变化,并测定其抗氧化活性。结果显示,啤酒大麦发芽前后多酚含量及组分均有显著变化,大麦发芽后总酚含量普遍高于发芽前,其中,Hindmarsh发芽后总酚增加率最高;阿魏酸、荭草素含量在发芽过程中显著增加（P＜0.05）。Hindmarsh游离没食子酸、香草醛与阿魏酸增加率最高;Metcalf结合阿魏酸与荭草素增加率最高。体外抗氧化结果表明,相比发芽前,麦芽多酚清除1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH）自由基能力及氧自由基吸收能力普遍增强,其中,Scope麦芽游离酚清除DPPH自由基能力最强,Baudin麦芽结合酚的氧自由基吸收能力最好。     

小叶薜荔茎叶提取物的抗氧化活性研究

用95%乙醇对小叶薜荔茎叶进行浸提,浸膏分别用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、氯仿、正丁醇和水进行萃取,最后用大孔吸附树脂进行梯度洗脱,得到11种粗提物。采用Folin-Ciocalteu比色法、ORAC(氧自由基吸收能力)分析法和DPPH(1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼)法对粗提物进行总酚含量和抗氧化能力评价。同时测定了粗体物的羟基自由基的清除能力。结果表明,小叶薜荔茎叶粗提物的总酚含量在14.1%～68.6%之间,同时粗提物具有较强的抗氧化能力,它们的ORAC值在1.01×103～1.82×104μmolTE/g之间。粗提物的总酚含量与抗氧化能力之间具有明显的相关性。     

Total phenolic compounds,radical scavenging and metal chelation of extracts from Icelandic seaweeds

Screening of potential antioxidant activities of water and 70% acetone extracts from ten species of Icelandic seaweeds was performed using three antioxidant assays. Significant differences were observed both in total phenolic contents (TPC) and antioxidant activities of extracts from the various species evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and ferrous ion-chelating ability assays. Acetone extracts from three Fucoid species had the highest TPC and consequently exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activities. High correlation was found between TPC of seaweed extracts and their scavenging capacity against DPPH and peroxyl radicals, indicating an important role of algal polyphenols as chain-breaking antioxidants. However, water extracts generally had higher ferrous ion-chelating activity than 70% acetone extracts and no correlation was found with their TPC, suggesting that other components such as polysaccharides, proteins or peptides in the extracts were more effective chelators of ferrous ions than phenolic compounds.     

A comparative study on phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities of legumes as affected by extraction solvents

ABSTRACT:  The objective of this study was to investigate how 6 commonly used solvent systems affected the yields of phenolic substances and the antioxidant capacity of extracts from 8 major classes of food legumes. Several antioxidant-related phytochemical compositions, namely, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), and condensed tannins content (CTC), were investigated. In addition, antioxidant activities were tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). The results showed that the 50% acetone extracts exhibited the highest TPC for yellow pea, green pea, chickpea, and yellow soybean. Acidic 70% acetone (+0.5% acetic acid) extracts exhibited the highest TPC, TFC, and FRAP values for black bean, lentil, black soybean, and red kidney bean. The 80% acetone extracts exhibited the highest TFC, CTC, and DPPH-free radical scavenging activity for yellow pea, green pea, chickpea, and yellow soybean. The 70% ethanol extracts exhibited the greatest ORAC value for all selected legumes. These results indicated that solvents with different polarity had significant effects on total phenolic contents, extracted components, and antioxidant activities. High correlations between phenolic compositions and antioxidant activities of legume extracts were observed. The information is of interest to the nutraceutical food/ingredient industries since legumes are a rich source of antioxidants.     

Antioxidant properties of commercial soft and hard winter wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) and their milling fractions

The total phenolic content (TPC), total antioxidant activity (TAA), 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity, inhibition of coupled oxidation in a β‐carotene–linoleate model system, iron(II) chelation activity and inhibition of copper‐induced oxidation of human low‐density lipoprotein (hLDL) cholesterol of 80% ethanolic extracts of soft and hard winter wheat samples and their milling fractions, namely flour, germ, bran and shorts, were investigated. Soft wheat extracts examined demonstrated higher TPC and TAA compared to those of hard wheat extracts. The germ fraction possessed the highest TPC, followed by bran, shorts, whole grain and flour for both wheat types examined. The TAA of both wheat types showed similar results except that shorts performed better than bran in this assay. Free radical scavenging properties of whole grain and milling fractions of both soft and hard wheat samples were examined against DPPH radical. The germ and flour fractions demonstrated the highest and lowest DPPH radical scavenging activity, respectively, among wheat fractions. Wheat extracts were also efficient in preventing bleaching of β‐carotene, which is also known to be free radical mediated. In the iron(II) chelation assay the flour extracts demonstrated excellent activity, while the germ extracts showed a weak activity. The trends were similar in both soft and hard wheat for the iron(II) chelation assay. Wheat extracts also inhibited copper‐induced oxidation of hLDL. In LDL oxidation assay, wheat extracts performed better than the reference antioxidant, ferulic acid. Thus wheat phenolics may serve as effective antioxidative components as measured by in vitro techniques. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

Antioxidant activity and antimicrobial properties of phenolic extracts from acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC) fruit

The antioxidant activity and antimicrobial property of phenolic extracts from acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC) fruit were assessed. The contribution of ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds in the total antioxidant capacity of the extracts was also evaluated. The extracts showed high total phenolic values and possessed high antioxidant activity as expressed by 2,2′‐diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assays (ORAC). The ascorbic acid content ranged from 405 to 1744 mg/100 g of fruit on a fresh weight basis. The antioxidant capacity of the phenolic fractions was in the following order: anthocyanins<phenolic acids<flavonoids. The phenolic fractions contributed 7.1–36.5% of the antioxidant activity expressed by ORAC, whereas the contribution of ascorbic accounted for 18–39% of the total activity. Selected extracts from the flavonoids fraction showed some activity against Staphylococcus aureus.     

Bioaccessibility and antioxidant potential of millet grain phenolics as affected by simulated in vitro digestion and microbial fermentation

Dehulled and cooked grains of five millet varieties (kodo, finger, proso, foxtail and pearl) were subjected to in vitro enzymatic digestion and microbial fermentation under physiological conditions in order to determine the bioaccessibility of their phenolic compounds. Extracts recovered as supernatants from enzymatic digestion and microbial fermentation were employed for the determination of their total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), as well as the scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), reducing power and ferrous ion chelating activity of the extracts so obtained were evaluated. The DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities were determined using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The peroxyl radical activity was measured using an oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. The TPC ranged from 12.7 to 35.4 and 21.2 to 47.4 μmol ferulic acid equivalents per gram of grain, on a dry weight (dw) basis at the end of intestinal digestion and colonic fermentation, respectively. All five millet varieties exhibited effective antioxidant activity and the order of efficacy differed according to the assay employed. The present study thus demonstrated that phenolic compounds of processed millets were bioaccessible and colonic fermentation released the phenolics bound to the insoluble fibre in the grain.     

Comparative analyses of phenolic composition, antioxidant capacity, and color of cool season legumes and other selected food legumes

ABSTRACT:  The objective of this study was to characterize the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of U.S.-produced cool season legumes. A total of 33 cool season legume samples were selected. Some common beans and soybeans were included for comparisons. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and condensed tannin content (CTC) were analyzed. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) were used for analyzing antioxidant properties. Color of the legume flour and the seed coat was also analyzed. TPC, TFC, CTC, FRAP, DPPH, and ORAC values of legumes were significantly different not only between classes but also among samples within each class. Among cool season legume classes, lentils possessed the highest concentrations of the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities. Colored common beans and black soybeans exhibited higher TPC, TFC, CTC, FRAP, DPPH, and ORAC values than those of yellow peas, green peas, and chickpeas. Antioxidant activities (FRAP, DPPH, and ORAC) were strongly correlated ( r = 0.96, 0.94, and 0.89, respectively, P < 0.01) with TPC. TPC and ORAC were moderately correlated ( P < 0.01) with either the seed hull surface color or the flour color.     

石榴花游离型和结合型多酚提取物抗氧化活性探究

提取石榴花中游离型和结合型多酚粗提物,探究两种多酚提取物的抗氧化能力。采用Folin-Ciocalteu法测定粗提物总酚含量,利用5种体外抗氧化法测定其抗氧化活性。结果显示:游离型多酚粗提物多酚含量显著高于结合型多酚粗提物（P<0.05）;吸收过氧自由基能力（oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC）和清除过氧自由基能力（peroxyl radical scavenging capacity,PSC）测定中,两种多酚粗提物具有与水溶性维E相似的明显荧光动力学特征与剂量依赖趋势,游离型多酚粗提物抗氧化能力强于结合型多酚粗提物（P<0.05）,水溶性维生素E抗氧化能力显著强于两种多酚粗提物（P<0.05）;游离型多酚粗提物DPPH自由基清除能力（DPPH radical scavenging activity,DRSA）、总氧自由基清除能力（trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity,TEAC）和还原力能力（reducing power,RP）均强于结合型多酚粗提物（P<0.05）,但两种多酚粗提物的抗氧化能力均低于阳性对照维生素C（P<0.05）。研究表明:石榴花游离型和结合型多酚粗提物均具有一定抗氧化活性,且游离型抗氧化能力优于结合型,此研究可为天然抗氧化剂的开发和利用提供一定理论依据。     

Antioxidant and <Emphasis Type="Italic">α</Emphasis>-glucosidase inhibitory activities of different solvent extracts of skullcap (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Scutellaria baicalensis</Emphasis>)

In this study, different solvent extracts of skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis) were assayed for their total phenol content (TPC), antioxidant activity [determined as DPPH radical scavenging activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, and comet assay], and α-glucosidaseinhibitory activity. The TPC of skullcap ranged from 9.06 mg/g gallic acid equivalents (GAE) for acetone extract (AE) to 91.8 mg/g GAE for methanol extract (ME). AE, which had a low TPC, exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD-like activity. TPC positively correlated with the ORAC assay (r=0.96, p<0.001). All skullcap extracts significantly reduced the hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in human leukocytes. ME with a high TPC and ORAC value showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibition. The difference in the biological activities of the extracts may be due to the differences in their chemical structure or polarity. Therefore, the results obtained indicate that might be a potential source of compounds with health-protective effects. ME, in particular, might be a prospective therapeutic agent for diabetes.     

Total phenolic content and antioxidant properties of eclipse black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as affected by processing methods

ABSTRACT:  The effects of soaking, boiling, and steaming processes on the phenolic components and antioxidant activity of black beans were investigated. All processed beans exhibited significantly ( P < 0.05) lower antioxidant activities than raw beans in total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), and oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC). Steaming processes resulted in a greater retention of TPC and ORAC values than the boiling processes. Pressure boiling shortened processing time compared to regular boiling, resulted in insignificant differences in TPC, but significantly increased in ORAC as compared to the regular boiling method. Pressure steaming resulted in significant decreases in TPC, DPPH, while significantly increased in ORAC compared to regular steaming. Greater TPC, DPPH, and ORAC values were detected in boiling water than in the soaking and steaming water. Mass balance analysis showed that boiling caused more dry solid loss than steaming. All of these results indicated that processing methods significantly changed contents and activities of antioxidant components of black beans. Steam processing exhibited several advantages in appearance and texture of the cooked product, shortening processing time, and in greater retention of TPC and antioxidant activities. Steam processing may be used to develop high-quality health-promoting black bean products.     

西兰花酵素在发酵过程中生化指标变化及其抗氧化活性研究

以西兰花作为发酵原料,通过加入酵母菌、乳酸菌、醋酸杆菌复合发酵,研究西兰花酵素发酵过程中生化指标以及抗氧化性变化。其中,以p H值、菌落总数、总糖、乙醇、乳酸和乙酸作为生化指标考察西兰花酵素发酵过程中的变化;通过测定总酚、DPPH自由基清除率、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、氧自由基吸收能力(ORAC)作为抗氧化性变化指标。研究表明:在发酵过程中,p H值不断降低,由最初的4.49±0.02降低到3.51±0.03;菌落总数在第3 d最高,为9.03(±0.45)×10~7 CFU/m L;总糖被微生物利用消耗,由213.20±0.12 mg/m L降低到79.24±0.07 mg/m L;最终乙醇、乳酸和乙酸含量分别为28.23±0.06 mg/m L、7.89±0.05 mg/m L和11.66±0.05mg/m L;而抗氧化性指标总酚、DPPH自由基清除率、SOD和ORAC在前7 d处于上升趋势,7 d后趋于稳定。其中,DPPH自由基清除率、ORAC与总酚有正相关性(p0.01)。相对于实验室自制桑葚酵素,DPPH自由基清除率较高,抗氧化性较好。     

Enzyme-enhanced extraction of antioxidant ingredients from red algae Palmaria palmata

The effect of various protease and carbohydrase treatments on the extraction of polyphenols and other antioxidant ingredients from the red algae Palmaria palmata (dulse) was investigated. In addition, the relative contribution of different fractions to the overall antioxidant capacity of the hydrolysate was evaluated. Considerable differences were observed both in total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities of the hydrolysates evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and ferrous ion-chelating ability assays. All the proteases tested had significant enhancing effect on the extraction of polyphenols and other active components compared to carbohydrases and cold water extraction (control). The Umamizyme extract had the highest TPC and consequently exhibited the strongest scavenging capacity against DPPH and peroxyl radicals. Further fractionation of the Umamizyme extract revealed that the crude polyphenol fraction possessed the highest peroxyl radical scavenging activity, whereas the crude polysaccharide fraction was more effective for chelating ferrous ions. The data from this study suggest the potential of protease treatment to improve value-added utilization of dulse extracts as antioxidants in functional foods and nutraceuticals.     

不同品种山楂活性成分及其抗氧化活性的研究

本文以产自山东地区的山里红和大金星这两个常见山楂品种作为研究对象,山楂冻干制成粉末后测定它们的总酚、总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性(DPPH、ORAC和PSC),并采用HPLC分析抗氧化活性成分的差异。结果显示不同品种山楂中的总酚和总黄酮含量各异,其中山里红果实的总酚(61.91 mg GA equiv./g DW)和总黄酮(55.96 mg catechin equiv./g DW)含量均显著高于大金星。山楂果实提取物均有较好的抗氧化活性,其中山里红品种表现出更好的抗氧化活性,其ORAC及PSC值分别是大金星的1.54和2倍。山楂果实提取液经HPLC法分析,鉴定出7种多酚类化学成分,最主要的酚类化合物为原花青素B2以及表儿茶素,且山里红果实多酚类化合物的含量显著高于大金星。综合比较发现山楂中的活性成分含量及种类各异,且山里红的抗氧化活性较强,是天然抗氧化剂的潜在原料。     

不同黑茶提取物功能性成分分析及活性评价

探究不同黑茶提取物(天尖茶、茯砖茶、百两茶、六堡茶及普洱茶)中主要功能性组分的差异,评价其功能性活性1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除能力、氧自由基的吸收能力(oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC)及对PC12神经细胞保护作用,并建立功能性组分与其活性的相关性。结果表明,湖南产的茯砖、天尖和百两茶,其提取物中的茶多酚、茶多糖及儿茶素总含量均显著高于普洱和六堡茶提取物,而咖啡碱、没食子酸及茶氨酸含量则以普洱茶提取物最高。茯砖、天尖和百两茶提取物对DPPH自由基的清除能力及对氧自由基的吸收能力均较强,而在PC12神经细胞损伤保护实验中,茯砖、普洱及六堡茶提取物效果明显。通过相关性分析,发现茶多酚(特别是酯型儿茶素表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate,ECG)和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG))是黑茶提取物DPPH自由基和ORAC活性的主要影响因素,而茶氨酸含量则与PC12细胞保护作用正相关。