Microencapsulation I. Phase Separation or Coacervation

Phase separation or coacervation is one of the oldest and perhaps the most widely used method of microencapsulation. This paper discusses phase separation or coacervation as a technique of preparing microcapsules. The basic differences between simple and complex coacervation are described and the various factors which influence simple and complex coacervation are discussed. Schematic ternary phase diagrams involved in the phase separation or coacervation processes are included and the basic schemes describing the process of microencapsulation are outlined.     

成都深冷空分设备工程有限公司

成都深冷空分设备工程有限公司（下称成都深冷公司）长期致力于深冷液体装置和特种气体提纯（液化）装置的技术研究和产品开发，拥有一支设计、制造、项目管理、安装调试和技术培训等方面技术精湛、经验丰富的高素质专业团队。公司所属的制造公司，位于四川省简阳市，拥有塔器设备制造车间、膨胀机生产和组装车间以及各类制造、质量检验装备。     

Separation of 100-kilobase DNA molecules in 10 seconds.

Long double-stranded DNA molecules were separated in microfabricated hexagonal arrays in less than 1 min, several orders of magnitude faster than by using conventional technology. DNA samples were first concentrated at the entrance to the array in a thin band by entropic focusing. They were then separated by pulsed field electrophoresis. T4 (168.9 kbp) and lambda (48.5 kbp) DNAs could be resolved into two clearly separated bands in approximately 10 s in these experiments. This corresponds to a mass resolution of 6% in 11 min in a 1-cm-long array.     

Separation of fluoride from fluoroelastomers by diffusion in test tubes.

The conventional procedure for separation of fluoride as trimethylfluorosilane in Conway diffusion cells involves the use of grease for sealing the cell and also for closing the hole in the lid drilled for introduction of hexamethyldisiloxane. We have developed a simpler procedure in which diffusion is carried out in 5-mL test tubes without the use of grease. Results of analysis of fluoride following diffusion from water, urine, and bone samples are in excellent agreement with those obtained by other procedures not involving diffusion. Separation of fluoride from partly and fully cured fluoroelastomers is achieved by first grinding the samples in a liquid nitrogen mill and then using methyl ethyl ketone as an adjuvant to perchloric acid employed in the diffusion procedure.     

双通道定位与盲分离结合的噪声分离方法

探索双通道定位算法与盲源分离相结合进行噪声分离的可能。根据双通道空间定位理论,以声音传播过程中在双通道间产生的延时差和强度差为线索对混合信号进行分离。当待分离的辐射噪声中存在时频混叠或同一位置多个源时,双通道定位分离算法能分离出不同位置处源信号,然后利用盲源分离方法对同一位置处的多个源信号进行再分离。在Roomsim中进行分离方案的可行性验证,假设房间六个壁能100%吸收所有频率信号,不存在反射与混响,对比分析声源位置及个数对分离结果的影响。结果表明,当源位置的个数不大于3时,双通道定位分离算法能有效分离出不同位置的声源信号,用盲源分离方法可进一步分离出相同位置处的不同源信号,但当源位置个数大于等于4时双通道定位分离算法的分离性能降低。     

Separation bei betrieblichen Investitionsentscheidungen

Zusammenfassung In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden Bedingungen für eine Separation der Investitionsentscheidung von den Konsumpräferenzen (Fisher-Separation) in einem unvollkommenen Kapitalmarkt bei sicheren Erwartungen abgeleitet. Erfüllt die Konsumpräferenz eine bestimmte plausible Eigenschaft, die als abnehmende Konsumaustauschrate bezeichnet werden kann, ist Separation mit den folgenden beiden Bedingungen gegeben: 1. Der Zinssatz zur Transformation von Geld zwischen zwei benachbarten Zeitpunkten muß in einem bestimmten Bereich konstant sein. 2. In der bestmöglichen Ausgangssituation ohne Durchführung der Investition (dem sogenannten Basisfall) muß der Zinssatz für marginale Anlagen dem für marginale Verschuldungen entsprechen. Ein interessantes Nebenergebnis der Analyse ist, daß ein Projekt A mit einem höheren Kapital- und Endwert als B auch bei Einschränkung auf plausible Konsumpräferenzen nicht immer gegenüber B zu bevorzugen ist.Für wertvolle Anregungen danke ich Martin Ahlbrecht, Franz Eisenführ, Udo Kamps und zwei anonymen Gutachtern.     

集成膜过程

文章扼要阐述了部分集成膜过程在水净化、废液处理和清洁生产中的应用,如纯水和超纯水制备、饮用水净化、污水处理和回用、有机废水处理、乳清综合利用和海水淡化等,分析了集成膜过程的优势和广阔的应用前景。     

Cover Picture: Separation Techniques for Carbon Nanotubes (Adv. Eng. Mater. 3/2005)

The cover shows a single‐walled carbon nanotube in a schematic drawing. How these fascinating materials can be separated from semiconducting tubes in substantial quantities is described in the review article by R. Krupke and F. Hennrich on page 111.     

Separation in angular steps

Using a rotating HGMS ordered matrix in a quasi-transversal configuration, experiments have been performed to study the dependence of the captured mass m_s on the angle α between the direction of the applied field H₀ and the ferromagnetic wires. The ordered dependence of m_s on α registered experimentally reveals the possibility to successively separate a granular mixture by an adequate choice of the inclination angles (angular steps) without modifying the applied field H₀ or the average flow velocity v_a. Relationships were derived connecting the magnetic susceptibilities of the mixture components with the inclination angle α in order to accomplish such a separation in angular steps