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A new severe plastic deformation process based on conventional high pressure torsion is introduced. The process, called planar high pressure torsion (P‐HPT), is capable of inducing large shear strains into materials with planar geometries, such as sheets or strips and can basically be implemented on every standard HPT machine. The principles of this technique will be presented and accompanied by a case‐study, where P‐HPT will be applied on a sheet of pure copper with dimensions of 220 × 110 mm2 and a thickness of 0.75 mm. For comparison, the material is deformed by conventional high pressure torsion using standard specimens with a diameter of 8 mm as well. It will be shown that the mechanical properties and microstructure obtained by P‐HPT correspond well to conventional high pressure torsion results.
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采用高压扭转(HPT)工艺对Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.4Zr(GW83K)合金进行剧烈塑性变形加工,通过显微组织观察、物相分析、显微硬度测定、开路电位测试、动极化曲线测试、交流阻抗谱及扫描开尔文探针分析,对比研究了HPT前后GW83K合金的显微组织和耐蚀性。结果表明:经5圈高压扭转后,GW83K合金的晶粒细化不显著,物相结构亦无变化,晶粒中出现大量孪晶和位错,试样中心区域和边缘区域的晶粒尺寸无明显差异,但边缘区域硬度远高于中心区域。HPT后镁合金在空气中伏打电位较低,在3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中浸泡时开路电位迅速稳定(约1h)但稳定值较负,腐蚀电流密度较大,电化学阻抗较小且随浸泡时间延长而减少,其耐蚀性不及未HPT加工的初始态合金。在0.1mol/L NaOH溶液中,浸泡初期初始态和HPT态合金开路电位较接近,交流阻抗相差不大,浸泡6h后初始态的电化学阻抗容抗弧直径则明显大于HPT态样品。极化曲线显示HPT态合金在碱性溶液中的维钝区间减小,维钝电流密度增大,初次击穿电压负移。HPT加工虽有助于镁合金表面快速形成钝化膜(不能有效保护基体),却使镁基体更活泼(溶解加速),GW83K镁合金耐蚀性下降。  相似文献   

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深度塑性变形法的研究现状和前景   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6  
深度塑性变形加工与传统变形方法相比具有很大的优点,可得到超细晶金属和合金,其微观组织结构和性能也发生很大的变化.通过介绍累积轧合法、等通道角挤压法和高压扭转法等3种目前最主要的深度塑性变形方法,分析了深度塑性变形法的特点和现状,并对其未来进行了展望.  相似文献   

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多向锻造技术能显著细化晶粒,大幅改善材料的力学性能,是一种极具潜力的大塑性变形工艺。综述了多向锻造技术细化镁合金晶粒的研究现状,介绍了多向锻造技术的工艺流程以及晶粒细化机制,展望了多向锻造技术未来的研究方向。  相似文献   

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A ZK60 magnesium alloy with an initial grain size of ≈10 µm is processed by high‐pressure torsion (HPT) through 5 revolutions under a constant compressive pressure of 2.0 GPa with a rotation speed of 1 rpm. An average grain size of ≈700 nm is achieved after HPT with a high fraction of high‐angle grain boundaries. Tensile experiments at room temperature show poor ductility. However, a combination of reasonable ductility and good strength is achieved with post‐HPT annealing by subjecting samples to high temperatures in the range of 473–548 K for 10 or 20 min. The grain size and texture changes are also examined by electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) and the results compared to long‐term annealing for 2500 min at 450 K. The results of this study suggest that a post‐HPT annealing for a short period of time may be effective in achieving a reasonable combination of strength and ductility.
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利用透射电镜和高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)研究了高压扭转大塑性变形纳米结构Al–Mg合金中的位错和晶界结构。结果表明: 对尺寸小于100 nm的晶粒, 晶内无位错, 其晶界清晰平直; 而尺寸大于200 nm的大晶粒通常由几个亚晶或位错胞结构组成, 局部位错密度可高达1017 m-2, 这些位错往往以位错偶和位错环的形式出现。用HRTEM观察到了小角度及大角度非平衡晶界、小角度平衡晶界和大角度Σ9平衡晶界等不同的晶界结构。基于实验结果, 分析了局部高密度位错、位错胞和非平衡晶界等在晶粒细化过程中的作用, 提出了高压扭转Al–Mg合金的晶粒细化机制。  相似文献   

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纯铜表面的连续摩擦压扭处理   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
提出了一种在纯铜表面得到大面积亚微米细晶组织及晶表面硬化处理的新工艺。在T2紫铜表面,利用连续摩擦压扭过程中产生的剧烈的剪切塑性变形,使材料表面形成了一层厚为0.1-0.2mm,晶粒直径200-300nm的亚微米细晶组织,表面硬度比基材提高了1倍,压扭头行走速度和转速对变形区晶粒细化和硬化效果影响显著。理论分析结果表明,在垂直于行走方向上加热能量和变形程度基本均匀。  相似文献   

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The structure, phase composition, and thermal stability of the industrial zirconium alloys, namely, E110 (Zr–1% Nb) and E635 (Zr–1% Nb–0.3% Fe–1.2% Sn), which are subjected to high‐pressure torsion (HPT) at room temperature (RT), 200, and 400 °С have been studied. HPT of Zr‐alloys at RT (10 revolutions) leads to the formation of grain–subgrain nano‐sized structure and to increase the microhardness by 2.1…2.8 times. The increase in the HPT temperature to 200–400 °С leads to the increase in the structural‐element average size. The structural‐element size in the complexly alloyed E635 alloy in all cases is lower compared with the E110 alloy. The hardening of the alloys after HPT at RT and 200 °С is close, and at 400 °С is much less. HPT initiates the α‐Zr → (ω‐Zr + β‐Zr) transformation, which is the main factor for alloys hardening. The α‐Zr → (ω‐Zr + β‐Zr) transformation in the E635 alloy occurs less quickly. The maximum amount (ω‐Zr + β‐Zr) phase in the structure of the alloys is observed after HPT at RT and 200 °C, and the minimum ? at 400 °C. During heating, the alloys undergo the reverse (ω‐Zr + β‐Zr) → α transformation which depends on both the alloy composition and HPT temperature.
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A comparative investigation of two fundamentally different approaches for the synthesis, microstructure evolution, and mechanical properties of the refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEA) HfNbTaTiZr and HfNbTiZr is performed. The two methods comprises conventional arc (button) melting and a powder route based on mechanical alloying and consolidation via severe plastic deformation. In particular, blended elemental powder is pre-compacted and subjected to one or four passes of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) at 500 °C and then 10 revolutions of high pressure torsion (HPT) at room temperature to an effective strain between 4 and 40. Some samples are then annealed at 500 °C for 1 h to investigate the thermal stability of the phases. The four ECAP passes at 500 °C do not result in the formation of the body-centered cubic (BCC) phase typical for the program RHEAs despite the presence of interfacial zones between particles and defect-driven diffusion. Nevertheless, a single ECAP pass is sufficient to create a solid bulk sample for subsequent HPT. After 10 HPT revolutions, in contrast to melting route resulting in a single BCC phase alloy, both alloys form new phases comprising a Nb-rich BCC phase and a ZrHf-rich HCP phase in both alloys.  相似文献   

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镁合金在大变形和高应变率下塑性变形研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
介绍了强应变塑性大变形下镁合金研究现状.重点综述了在较高应变率及冲击载荷作用下关于镁合金变形的研究情况,同时也比较详细地综述了在不同温度、不同载荷作用下镁合金塑性变形特征及其物理机制.最后简要介绍了几个描述材料在较高应变率和冲击载荷作用下变形行为的数学表示式,并就镁合金作为结构材料的研究说明了作者的一些看法.  相似文献   

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综述了目前大塑性变形(SPD)制备铝、镁基颗粒增强复合材料工艺的研究进展;总结了在SPD过程中复合材料增强颗粒的细化、再分布及基体合金晶粒的超细化等组织演变特点;分析了经SPD加工后铝、镁基颗粒增强复合材料的强韧化机制以及其力学性能的提升空间。最后指出了SPD制备颗粒增强复合材料尚存在的问题及可能的发展方向。  相似文献   

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强变形制备超细晶金属材料的方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
杜予晅  张新明 《材料导报》2006,20(Z2):241-244
强变形是细化晶粒的有效方法,甚至可以制备纳米材料,最近十几年来大量的强变形方法涌现出来,研究也越来越多.介绍了等通道角挤压、高压扭转、连续限制带材角轧挤、循环挤压、限制斜槽压缩、反复弯曲校平、累积叠轧焊等方法,回顾了各种方法可以得到的最大应变量、细化晶粒效果及应变量计算公式.阐述了强变形及剪切变形细化晶粒的机制.  相似文献   

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