镁及其合金铸造组织的细化

镁合金的晶粒尺寸和沉淀物的形貌及大小影响其性能和使用范围。根据合金的种类加入不同的孕育剂或少量的合金元素可显著细化镁合金的铸造组织。总结了常用铸造镁合金组织细化所采用的方法及可能的细化机理。     

镁及其合金的电磁屏蔽性能研究

采用同轴线法研究了纯镁及常见镁合金的电磁屏蔽性能,比较了纯镁、不同系列镁合金与其他金属电磁屏蔽性能的差别。结果表明:纯镁具有良好的电磁屏蔽性能,合金化后,根据合金元素的不同,屏蔽性能有所改变,其中AZ系镁合金具有最高的屏蔽效能。同时讨论了不同材料电磁屏蔽性能差异的原因以及厚度、电导率对电磁屏蔽性能的影响。     

稀土在镁及镁合金中的作用

综述了稀土元素在镁合金溶液中去氧化夹杂、除氢和与熔剂的相互作用,以及稀土元素对镁及镁合金的组织、性能、起燃温度、耐蚀性等方面的影响.阐述了RE在镁合金显微组织中细化晶粒、强化晶粒和晶界、提高合金力学性能的机理,以及与氧等元素反应在镁合金表面生成MgO、Al2O3、RE2O3、Mg17Al12组成的致密保护膜和由于Ce、Y、Le等元素的加入形成稀土转化膜对镁合金起燃温度、耐蚀性的作用.并对含稀土镁合金进行了评价与展望.     

镁盐及晶种对氧化镁水化合成氢氧化镁的影响

采用氧化镁水化法制备氢氧化镁,研究硫酸镁、乙酸镁、氯化镁、硝酸镁4种镁盐的添加量对氧化镁水化率的影响,以及镁盐和晶种对氢氧化镁颗粒大小和形貌的影响,利用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜对合成的氢氧化镁晶体特性、颗粒大小和形貌进行表征,并对上述因素的影响机理进行探讨。结果表明,随着镁离子浓度的增大,氧化镁的水化率逐渐增大,氧化镁水化率最高可达到98.68%,水化产物氢氧化镁颗粒近似于六方片状,粒径约为200⁵00 nm。     

镁合金废料的回收及熔炼技术的研究

镁合金材料在运输工具、3C产品等领域的用量日益增长,随之而来的废镁量也越来越多.为了保护环境、对废料的再生利用,需要寻求一种经济的、质量能得到保证的再生利用技术.结合实际从废镁合金的产生、废镁合金的分类、镁合金废料的前期处理、镁合金的熔炼方法等方面分别进行了阐述.     

Mechanoelectrochemical Behavior of Pure Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys Stressed in Aqueous Solutions

A new synergistic effect of corrosion and stress on the viscoelasticity of pure magnesium and magnesium alloys has been shown. This phenomenon named corrosion creep has been studied in 99.9653% Mg, die-cast AZ91D (Mg–9% Al–1% Zn), AM50 (Mg–5% Al–0.4% Mn), and AS21 (Mg–2.3% Al, 0.23% Mn, 1.10% Si) alloys. Creep tests were carried out at 25°C in air and in the borate buffer aqueous solution (pH 9.3). It is found that the highest sensitivity to creep in the corrosive environment is observed in the alloy with the highest Al content. This agrees with the data obtained earlier in the study of mechanoelectrochemical behavior and corrosion fatigue of Mg alloys. However, in air, the creep behavior of all alloys at room temperature is approximately the same. Creep life of pure magnesium and its alloys significantly decreases in a corrosive environment. Corrosion-creep cracks filled with magnesium hydroxide particles were observed by SEM–EDS analysis at the surface of AS21 alloy. The thickness of the oxide layer defined by AES in samples of AZ91D, AM50, and AS21 alloys placed for 2 h into the borate solution amounts to 540, 1320, and 1440 nm, respectively. This can be explained with the account for surface phenomena.     

镁及镁合金腐蚀最新研究进展

镁的平衡电位非常低，耐蚀性差，长期以来阻碍了镁及镁合金的应用，对近十年来国内外关于镁及镁合金的腐蚀行为以及表面防腐技术的研究进行了综述。     

镁合金的应用和中国镁工业

概述了镁及镁合金的特性和应用，综述了中国镁工业的发展状况，提出 发展我国镁工业的建议。     

Morphology Controlled Magnesium Ethoxide: Influence of Reaction Parameters and Magnesium Characteristics

Controlled reaction of magnesium with ethanol was found to produce morphological magnesium ethoxide. The scanning electron microscopy studies indicate that particles of magnesium ethoxide grow on the surface of magnesium granules and are detached from the surface as a result of shearing and collisions during the reaction. Particle characteristics of magnesium show influence on the kinetics of the reaction as well as morphological characteristics of magnesium ethoxide. Impact of other process parameter variations on the magnesium ethoxide particle characteristics is also studied. The reaction rate, agitation speed, and type of agitator show influence on the product characteristics, whereas no influence of change in reaction pressure is observed.     

镁合金及其铸造成形技术

镁合金是目前最轻的结构材料,在汽车、电子等诸多领域的应用日益增加。本文介绍了铸造镁舍金的性能及强化方法、镁合金熔炼的阻燃、镁合金的铸造成形技术和铸造缺陷及改进方法。     

制备高纯碱式碳酸镁和氧化镁的热解及煅烧条件

以内蒙古产白云石为原料,通过加入有机添加剂而改进的碳化法制得精制重镁水,在不同温度下热解得到高纯碱式碳酸镁,进而于不同温度、不同时间下煅烧得到高纯氧化镁。研究了热解温度对高纯碱式碳酸镁纯度、物相和形貌的影响;以及煅烧温度和时间的选择及其对高纯氧化镁物相和形貌的影响。结果表明,重镁水热解温度为95~100℃;热解温度70℃时,碱式碳酸镁物相为4MgCO3·Mg(OH)2·4H2O;随着热解温度的升高,碱式碳酸镁晶体形貌从板条状逐渐转变为球状。     

镁合金及镁基复合材料阻尼性能研究进展

简要介绍了纯镁、镁合金及镁基复合材料的位错型阻尼机理,叙述了温度、合金成分、组织结构和微观缺陷(包括晶界相界)以及热处理等因素对镁合金阻尼性能的影响.镁基复合材料较镁合金有较高的阻尼性能,是由于增加了多种阻尼机制的结果,其中最重要的是塑性区阻尼、位错密度的增大、界面滑移阻尼等.     

Sn对镁及镁合金显微组织和性能影响的研究现状及展望

合金化元素Sn在镁基体中的固溶度受温度影响比较大,且能够与镁形成高强、高硬、热稳定性好的Mg2Sn金属间化合物,在理论研究和实际应用上引起了人们的广泛关注。基于Mg、Mg-Al-Zn系、Mg-Mn系、Mg-Zn系、Mg-Li系等合金,综述了Sn对纯镁及镁合金微观组织及力学性能的影响,概述了Sn对镁合金的腐蚀、电化学等其他性能的影响。最后展望了Sn在镁合金中的应用前景。     

镁电池的发展及应用

介绍了镁电池的类型、工作原理、特点及应用现状,探讨了当前存在的问题及研究方向,并展望了其应用前景.镁电池具有成本低、无毒、高比能量、工作温度范围宽、资源丰富、可再生等特点,在军事和民用方面有广泛的用途.镁合金的极化和腐蚀是影响镁电池大规模应用的主要障碍之一,研究镁电池负极材料及其氧化膜结构,使其能找到合适的正极材料和电解液,是今后镁电池研究的重要内容和方向.     

镁合金的腐蚀与防护

综述了镁合金的腐蚀行为与防护现状,包括腐蚀机理,腐蚀形态,负差数效应以及防护措施和发展趋势。     

Magnesium Science, Technology and Applications

The science, technology and applications of magnesium alloys are reviewed. The very low density of magnesium in combination with excellent castability is leading to increased use, despite poor galvanic corrosion resistance and a higher cost than aluminum, especially in automotive applications. Even further expansion of the magnesium market should come from an expanded design base, a better understanding of the scientific underpinning of magnesium alloys, and development of cost-affordable cast and wrought products.     

镁黄铜的组织与性能研究

采用熔铸、挤压的方法制备出了镁黄铜棒材.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和差热分析仪(DSC)等手段对镁黄铜的微观组织、物相组成和相转变特征、力学性能、切削性能以及腐蚀性能进行了研究.结果表明:合金物相由α相、β相和Cu2Mg相组成,以α相为主;镁黄铜的抗拉强度为494.39MPa,屈服强度为388 56MPa,伸长率为8.78%,布氏硬度为HV140.7,优于铅黄铜;切削性能达到铅黄铜性能的78.5%.研制的镁黄铜替代铅黄铜具有可行性.     

Intermetallics in Magnesium Alloys

Intermetallic phases can be found in almost every magnesium alloy. These intermetallic compounds play a very important role in optimizing the microstructure and mechanical properties. The present paper reviews the effects of intermetallics in magnesium alloys mainly based on their stabilities: dissolvable intermetallics at low temperatures and thermal stable intermetallics at elevated temperatures. The effects of intermetallics are discussed in the age hardenable and creep resistant magnesium alloys, separately. Finally, the further investigations are remarked on the intermetallics, including their precipitation processes, crystal structures and crystallographic orientation relations with magnesium matrix. The aim is to supply useful information in developing new wrought and creep‐resistant magnesium alloys which will be used in the powertrain at elevated temperatures.