改进蚁群算法水面无人艇平滑路径规划

针对水面无人艇的路径规划,首先用仿生学算法对环境障碍物做开运算,提出改进的蚁群算法搜索可行路径得到航路点序列,优化合并没有障碍物的相邻航路点并顺序连接,得到可行且无碰撞风险的全局路径;其次,使用Dubins曲线算法对连接点进行平滑处理,分析其几何特性并找出其不足之处;最后,引入贝塞尔三阶曲线理论对于已经优化过的折线段进行平滑处理,使其在满足最小旋转半径的同时,也满足USV动力学特性,最终得到一条优化可行的路径.仿真结果证明本算法设计的光滑路径在计算复杂度、路径优化等方面都有了较大的提高.     

改进蚁群算法求解最短路径问题

针对蚁群算法在求解最短路径问题时存在容易陷入局部最优解的问题,对经典蚁群算法提出三方面改进。首先,在初始化信息素浓度时加入方向引导,加快初始搜索速度;其次,在局部信息素浓度更新过程中采用信息素重分配思想,避免由路径信息素衰减过程导致的最优路径信息素浓度过分减少;最后,在全局信息素更新过程中引入动态因子,使其自适应地更新较优路径信息素浓度,以提高全局搜索能力。仿真实验结果表明,该改进算法可以保证收敛速度,并提高算法搜索到最优路径的几率。     

Solving the traveling salesman problem using cooperative genetic ant systems

The travelling salesman problem (TSP) is a classic problem of combinatorial optimization and has applications in planning, scheduling, and searching in many scientific and engineering fields. Ant colony optimization (ACO) has been successfully used to solve TSPs and many associated applications in the last two decades. However, ACO has problem in regularly reaching the global optimal solutions for TSPs due to enormity of the search space and numerous local optima within the space. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid algorithm, cooperative genetic ant system (CGAS) to deal with this problem. Unlike other previous studies that regarded GA as a sequential part of the whole searching process and only used the result from GA as the input to subsequent ACO iterations, this new approach combines both GA and ACO together in a cooperative manner to improve the performance of ACO for solving TSPs. The mutual information exchange between ACO and GA in the end of the current iteration ensures the selection of the best solutions for next iteration. This cooperative approach creates a better chance in reaching the global optimal solution because independent running of GA maintains a high level of diversity in next generation of solutions. Compared with results from other GA/ACO algorithms, our simulation shows that CGAS has superior performance over other GA and ACO algorithms for solving TSPs in terms of capability and consistency of achieving the global optimal solution, and quality of average optimal solutions, particularly for small TSPs.     

Multi-route railroad blocking problem by improved model and ant colony algorithm in real world

In rail freight transportation, general merchandise freight cars may pass through many classification stations on their route from origin to destination. The Railroad Blocking Problem (RBP) is to reclassify inbound traffic from various origins in the classification stations and put them on outbound trains with the same or close destinations, the objective of the RBP is to minimize the total operating costs of delivering all traffic on the railway network while satisfying the resource and capacity constraints at the stations and the priority constraints for shipments. In this paper, we introduce a new mathematic model which can comprehensively describe the blocking strategy and various combinations of multi-route O–D pairs in large scale railway network. Furthermore, we propose an improved Ant Colony (AC) algorithm for RPB, and a computational experiment derived from the real life instances of coal heavy haul rail network in north China is given. Experimental results verified the validation of the model and effectiveness of the algorithm.     

Savings based ant colony optimization for the capacitated minimum spanning tree problem

The problem of connecting a set of client nodes with known demands to a root node through a minimum cost tree network, subject to capacity constraints on all links is known as the capacitated minimum spanning tree (CMST) problem. As the problem is NP-hard, we propose a hybrid ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm to tackle it heuristically. The algorithm exploits two important problem characteristics: (i) the CMST problem is closely related to the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP), and (ii) given a clustering of client nodes that satisfies capacity constraints, the solution is to find a MST for each cluster, which can be done exactly in polynomial time. Our ACO exploits these two characteristics of the CMST by a solution construction originally developed for the CVRP. Given the CVRP solution, we then apply an implementation of Prim's algorithm to each cluster to obtain a feasible CMST solution. Results from a comprehensive computational study indicate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

一种栅格模型下机器人路径规划的改进蚁群算法

提出了一种静态环境下机器人路径规划的改进蚁群算法。该算法使用栅格法对机器人的工作空间进行建模,通过模拟蚂蚁的觅食行为,采用折返的迭代方式对目标进行搜索。在搜索过程中,以移动方向一定范围内最大信息素和目标引导函数作为启发式因子。此外,根据蚁群算法处理本问题时信息素散播的特点,重构了信息素的更新策略和散播方式。仿真实验结果表明,这些改进措施使最优路径的寻找快速而高效,即使在障碍物非常复杂的环境下,也能迅速地规划出一条最优路径。     

基于改进蚁群算法的铁路路网最优路径规划

多条件最优路径规划问题是铁路出行查询系统的重要功能之一。将路径规划问题转化为以用户多种条件组合为目标函数的最优化问题,并将改进的蚁群算法应用于该问题,使查询系统能够满足各类用户的查询要求,并给出最优解或次优解。仿真实验表明：该算法的实时性很高,是一种行之有效的方法。     

基于蚁群聚类算法的非线性系统辨识

基于T-S模型提出一种非线性系统的模型辨识方法.利用蚁群聚类算法进行结构辨识,确定系统的模糊空间和模糊规则数.在聚类的基础上,利用遗传算法辨识模糊模型的后件加权参数,得到一个精确的模糊模型,从而实现了参数辨识.仿真结果验证了所提出方法的有效性,表明该方法能够实现非线性系统的辨识,而且辨识精度较高.     

求解旅行商问题的改进蚁群算法研究

针对蚁群算法收敛速度慢的问题,对蚁群算法信息素更新规则进行研究,提出一个基于迭代思想的信息素更新规则。对信息残留因子进行实验,确定在新的信息素更新规则下信息素挥发系数的最佳合理值。最后针对eil51问题和dantzig42问题两个例子的仿真实验对比基本蚁群算法。实验结果表明,改进的蚁群算法在收敛性和求得最优解方面都明显优于基本蚁群算法和其它人工智能算法。     

DEM中基于遗传与蚁群的混合路径规划算法

现有启发式算法在DEM路径规划中因数据量巨大,效率较低。针对该问题,提出一种基于遗传和蚁群的混合路径规划算法。该算法在遗传过程中,通过在初始群体生成阶段构建选择因子,使得在节点搜索时更加倾向于终点方向,提高初始群体生成效率;对变异过程中变异节点的变异区间进行限制,避免产生路径断点;在蚁群寻优过程中,根据遗传过程产生的路径信息,采用自适应信息素初始化与更新策略,提高算法搜索效率。测试结果表明,混合算法能够在规则网格DEM数据下搜索出符合条件的路径,并具有较好的效率。     

改进的蚁群算法求解带时间窗的车辆路径问题

设计了一种改进的蚁群算法,将蚁群系统(ACS)与最大最小蚂蚁系统(MMAS)相结合,在状态转移规则中引入时间窗跨度与服务等待时间因素,并在算法的不同阶段采用不同的信息素蒸发策略以防止算法陷入局部最优.使用路径内2-opt优化方法以及路径间2-opt*优化方法对每次迭代过程所得到的最优解进行局部优化.通过对相关文献实验数据的测试结果表明,该算法在求解效果及运算效率上优于遗传算法与禁忌搜索算法.     

基于改进双层蚁群算法的移动机器人路径规划

为提升移动机器人的路径规划能力,提出一种改进双层蚁群算法,将蚁群划分为引导层蚁群和普通层蚁群.为提升算法的收敛速度和路径的平滑程度,在设计引导层蚁群启发函数时加大终点栅格的吸引力,设计普通层蚁群启发函数的同时考虑起点、终点和转折点的影响;针对复杂环境下蚁群算法死锁严重的问题,为引导层蚁群设计应对死锁问题的自由寻路-剪枝...     

混合蚁群蜂群算法在旅行Agent问题中的应用

针对蚁群算法在解决旅行Agent问题（TAP）时存在搜索时间长和易陷入局部最优的缺点,提出一种将蜂群和蚁群算法相结合的新型算法。通过修改状态转移概率和信息素更新规则使算法更符合TAP问题的特征,引入跟随蜂思想使蚂蚁尽快搜索到问题最优解,加入阻塞度因子以避免算法陷入局部最优。仿真结果表明,该算法在解决旅行Agent问题时有效避免了蚁群算法的上述缺点,且在解的性能上优于相关算法。     

求解合作伙伴选择问题的高效蚁群算法

敏捷制造中的合作伙伴优化选择问题属于组合优化领域的NP-hard问题,随着规模的增大,应用传统的方法求解非常困难,甚至不可能.对敏捷制造中的合作伙伴选择问题进行了分析,建立了数学模型,设计了一个适合求解该问题的蚁群算法.实验结果表明,该算法求解效率高,性能稳定.     

A new ant colony optimization algorithm for the multidimensional Knapsack problem

The paper proposes a new ant colony optimization (ACO) approach, called binary ant system (BAS), to multidimensional Knapsack problem (MKP). Different from other ACO-based algorithms applied to MKP, BAS uses a pheromone laying method specially designed for the binary solution structure, and allows the generation of infeasible solutions in the solution construction procedure. A problem specific repair operator is incorporated to repair the infeasible solutions generated in every iteration. Pheromone update rule is designed in such a way that pheromone on the paths can be directly regarded as selecting probability. To avoid premature convergence, the pheromone re-initialization and different pheromone intensification strategy depending on the convergence status of the algorithm are incorporated. Experimental results show the advantages of BAS over other ACO-based approaches for the benchmark problems selected from OR library.     

An algorithm based on ant colony optimization for the minimum connected dominating set problem

Ant colony optimization is a well established metaheuristic from the swarm intelligence field for solving difficult optimization problems. In this work we present an application of ant colony optimization to the minimum connected dominating set problem, which is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem. Given an input graph, valid solutions are connected subgraphs of the given input graph. Due to the involved connectivity constraints, out-of-the-box integer linear programming solvers do not perform well for this problem. The developed ant colony optimization algorithm uses reduced variable neighborhood search as a sub-routine. Moreover, it can be applied to the weighted and to the non-weighted problem variants. An extensive experimental evaluation presents the comparison of our algorithm with the respective state-of-the-art techniques from the literature. It is shown that the proposed algorithm outperforms the current state of the art for both problem variants. For comparison purposes we also develop a constraint programming approach based on graph variables. Even though its performance deteriorates with growing instance size, it performs surprisingly well, solving 315 out of 481 considered problem instances to optimality.     

An ant colony algorithm for the multi-compartment vehicle routing problem

We demonstrate the use of Ant Colony System (ACS) to solve the capacitated vehicle routing problem associated with collection of recycling waste from households, treated as nodes in a spatial network. For networks where the nodes are concentrated in separate clusters, the use of k-means clustering can greatly improve the efficiency of the solution. The ACS algorithm is extended to model the use of multi-compartment vehicles with kerbside sorting of waste into separate compartments for glass, paper, etc. The algorithm produces high-quality solutions for two-compartment test problems.     

基于蚁群算法的最小代价航迹规划仿真

在大比例尺地图的路径规划中,由于飞行器全局航迹规划需要计算机存储的栅格点数量巨大,存在维数爆炸问题,使得航迹解算计算量激增,因此提出1种改进的蚁群算法,将栅格由大及小进行划分,利用大栅格为飞行器选择相对平滑和离散度低的飞行地形,利用小栅格为飞行器提供相对精确的全局飞行航迹,将栅格带所有栅格的代价之和作为航迹代价,从而选出1条航迹代价最小的路径．该算法将蚁群算法的信息素更新机制更加合理地应用到航迹规划中．仿真结果表明,该方法能解决航迹维数解算问题,可以将一系列栅格点组成的路径点集合为最优解,为飞行器提供最优航迹规划路径．     

Job-Shop调度问题的量子蚁群算法求解*

针对最小化最大完工时间的作业车间调度问题,提出了一种量子蚁群调度算法.该算法结合了量子计算中量子旋转门的量子信息和蚁群寻优的特点,通过作业车间调度问题的析取图表示,将原问题转换为求解析取图的关动路径,并利用量子蚁群算法进行求解.采用该算法对作业车间调度问题的基准数据进行测试,仿真结果表明了该算法的可行性和有效性.     

基于转角约束的改进蚁群优化算法路径规划

针对传统蚁群优化(ACO)算法搜索路径时易陷入局部最优、路径过长、转弯角度过大等问题,提出一种基于转弯角度约束的改进ACO算法.首先,增加起始点与目标点之间区域的初始信息素浓度,以避免初期盲目搜索;然后,在启发函数中加入A*算法的估价函数和转弯角度因子,以便在下一步选择路径长度和转角次数综合最优的节点;最后,在信息素更...