底排点火药配方设计与性能测试研究

根据底排点火具的工作环境,利用热力学计算软件CEA2设计了5种点火药配方,测量了这5种配方的燃烧速度、火焰大小、燃烧温度、放热量,进行了半密闭爆发器实验,比较了几种配方的燃烧性能.结果表明:氧化剂含量在45%时,点火药燃烧时有较高的燃烧温度和放热量;以硝酸钾为氧化剂的配方燃烧时的火焰面积和放热量大于以硝酸钡为氧化剂的配方.适合于底排弹点火用的烟火药剂较优配方是:硝酸钾、镁粉、锆粉、氟橡胶的质量比为45:30:25.5.     

燃烧毁伤技术研究进展

燃烧毁伤技术是含能材料与毁伤领域的重要研究方向.主要综述了燃烧毁伤技术的研究进展,从燃烧剂配方设计和应用、燃烧热辐射毁伤理论与技术、燃烧毁伤评估技术三个方面进行论述,指出目前存在燃烧剂燃烧毁伤效能不足、热辐射模型中参数表征过程单一、燃烧毁伤评估方法不全面等问题.认为高密度、高热值燃烧材料、燃烧剂装药构效关系、以火球温度为代表的关键模型参数的测试技术、热辐射毁伤模型的修正和优化、毁伤场中多种毁伤元耦合作用下的热辐射毁伤效应的精准评估方法是未来的研究重点.     

含某金属粉炸药爆轰性能分析

为提升武器装备的综合毁伤威力,对金属粉混合炸药的温度及纵火等爆轰性能进行研究。以端羟基聚丁 二烯粘结剂体系为载体,奥克托金(Octogen, Cyclotetrame-thylenetetranitramine, HMX)作为高能炸药,采用纳米金属 粉代替部分铝粉,设计了炸药配方,分析了纳米金属粉对混合炸药温度及纵火等爆轰性能的影响。研究结果表明： 在相同装药体积条件下,随着纳米金属粉加入,使炸药纵火能力较传统铝粉有一定提高,高温持续时间也显著增加。     

镁铝金属粉对含硼富燃推进剂燃烧性能及硼氧化效率的影响

为了确定镁铝金属粉对含硼富燃推进剂燃烧性能和硼氧化效率的影响,用靶线法测定三种配方含硼富燃推进剂在0.5,1.0,1.5 MPa三种压力条件下的燃速,采集相应的燃烧残渣,用化学分析法测定了三氧化二硼(B2O3)和总硼(B)含量,计算出硼的氧化效率。实验结果表明,镁粉含量对推进剂燃烧性能有明显影响。推进剂中B的含量为30%,并固定其他组分,金属粉含量为6%,改变镁粉和铝粉比例,镁粉0%,3%,6%,相应铝粉为6%,3%,0%。当镁粉含量较高时,推进剂燃速较高,压力指数也较高;镁粉含量低时,燃烧残渣中B2O3含量较高,而镁粉含量高时,燃烧残渣中B2O3含量较低;且随着压力的增高,残渣中B2O3的含量降低;硼的氧化效率随镁含量的增高和压力升高而降低。镁粉可抑制硼的氧化反应,使硼氧化效率降低,提高推进剂燃速和压力指数。     

低烟雾信号特征的无硫黑火药研究

采用重结晶法制备了K0.333(NH4)0.667NO3复盐,运用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)能谱和差热分析(DSC)等方法对复盐的微观形貌和晶体结构进行了表征。运用最小自由能原理,以燃烧温度、燃烧热、平衡态固相产物含量为目标函数,计算了K0.333(NH4)0.667NO3/C12H4O2体系燃烧热力学参数,设计出低烟雾输出点火药配方,对优化后配方的火焰感度、燃烧热效应进行了对比测试。结果表明:两种氧化剂达到了在分子间的均匀混合,晶型有序性高,热分解特征温度降低。与KNO3/C12H4O2点火药相比,K0.333(NH4)0.667NO3/C12H4O2点火药的火焰感度、燃烧热效应的降低值小于10%,而燃烧固相产物含量大幅度降低,烟雾信号特征减弱,对1.06μm激光的衰减率下降了73.9%。     

P/NaNO_3基薄膜型高热剂设计与燃烧反应机理研究

采用重结晶的方法,以超细红磷(P)、硝酸钠(NaNO3)为基药,通过梯度设计配方,制成了厚度约为0.70mm、易点燃的薄膜型高热剂,并测定薄膜材料的燃烧时间及燃烧温度;同时,针对烟火药配方中不同组分比例,以及薄膜材料中有无添加聚乙烯醇(PVA)、玻璃纤维(GF)进行了质量燃烧速度、燃烧温度的比较。结果表明:配方为硝酸钠60%、超细红磷39%、添加剂1%的薄膜燃烧温度大于1 200℃,质量燃烧速度为0.012 g·cm-2·s-1;添加玻璃纤维和PVA后薄膜的燃烧温度和质量燃烧速度都降低,而且添加PVA配方的燃烧温度和质量燃烧速度降低更加明显。     

高燃速推进剂研制现状分析

对高燃速固体推进剂研制采用的技术途径进行了分析，归纳出了六类提高推进剂燃速的方法，包括燃烧催化剂法、增加热传导法、采用纳米微粉或超细固体粒子法、新型含能材料法、金属粉／氧化剂复合粒子法和基于对流燃烧机理的方法。找出了在高燃速推进剂达到的燃速水平、提高燃速所采用的技术途径方面存在的差距，指出基于对流燃烧机理的快燃物方法具有对推进剂配方能量影响小、燃速提高幅度大、适应性广等优点，具有广阔的应用前景。     

冲击作用下反应破片燃爆温度效应

从一维冲击波和热力学以及物理化学角度出发,建立了反应破片冲击燃爆温度与破片反应材料组分配比的数学关系模型,对比分析了PTFE/Al和PTFE/Ti两种反应破片的变化规律,其冲击燃爆温度都先随配方金属粉含量的增加而增大,在金属粉含量一定值时有一个最大值,在该点后,都随其金属粉含量的增加而下降;PTFE/Ti型反应破片的最大冲击燃爆温度要比PTFE/Al型反应破片高出1 100℃左右。与相关试验结果进行对比,可以认为反应破片冲击燃爆温度越高,其燃爆效果越好。所建立的分析模型和研究方法可推广应用于其他类型反应破片的冲击反应特性等动态性能研究。     

防空反导活性破片前沿技术研究综述

活性破片不仅具有传统的动能杀伤,还具有爆炸或者燃烧的化学毁伤效应杀伤.主要从材料配方工艺研究、作用机理分析以及毁伤效应评估三个方面对活性破片进行了综述.由于活性破片相比惰性破片具有更大的毁伤效果,因此,活性破片是今后防空反导战斗部应用发展的趋势.     

红外照明弹技术研究

为提高微光夜视仪的视距,提升部队的夜间作战能力,开展了红外照明弹研究。从氧化剂的选择、可燃剂的选择、适宜燃烧温度、降低药剂机械感度等方面对红外照明剂配方进行了试验研究,获得了理想配方;并通过野外视距增益效果试验,验证了采用该配方的照明弹可使微光夜视仪的视距增益3.9倍以上。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Design and Implementation of One Missile Visual Simulation System Based on OpenGL

The implementation of a missile＇s visual simulation system is explained that is developed with OpenGL（open graphic library） and the flight path and flight carriage in different stages of the missile are displayed. The establishment problems of the 3D scene are circumstantiated including the construction and redeployment of the model, creation of the virtual scene, setting of the multi-viewports and multi-windows etc. The missile＇s data driver, system flow, the modules and their mutual relations of the missile visual simulation system are discussed. The missile flight simulation results and effect of the scenes are given.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Dynamic Encryption Technology in Ad-hoc Networks

A new dynamic encryption application in ad-hoc networks is proposed. The advantages of this method are its being able to use the previous ciphertext as a seed of a new encryption process, rendering the encryption process effective in all communication process by continuous dynamic key generation together with synchronization, and its capability to cut back on system bandages to a greater extent, which is valuable for the ad-hoc circumstance. In addition, the rationality and effectiveness of this novel encryption method have been verified by the test results.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.