NewPage公司终止在Escanaba制浆造纸厂的生物质燃料项目

美国俄亥俄州迈阿密斯柏格（Miamisburg）的New Page公司,将终止其在密歇根州Escanaba制浆造纸厂的生物质燃料气化工程项目。2007年8月,New Page与瑞典的Chemrec AB公司合作公布了用硫酸盐浆黑液气化制造甲醇和二甲醚的计划。Chemrec公司拥有此计划相关的专利技术并与密歇根州经济开发公司（MEDC）接洽寻求一家美国的合作伙伴。     

芬兰和瑞典造纸行业生物质精炼发展情况

在芬兰和瑞典,多数生物质精炼厂的主要目标是生产用于交通运输行业的生物质能源。因为据两国研究发现,北欧国家目前几乎还没有发现比生物质能源更具高附加值的产品,其中比较受到行业关注的就是浆纸企业开始探索利用溶解浆生产纺织纤维,这一环节加快了木纤维的循环,也加速了生产流程的内部循环。而同属北欧国家,芬兰和瑞典的发展模式既有相同之处,也存在许多差异,芬兰浆纸行业向生物质精炼过渡领域以生物能源为主,瑞典则致力于寻求多元化生物质精炼之路。     

浆厂黑液气化的益处

瑞典Chemrec公司得到了一系列经济赞助和投资,用于对制浆造纸黑液转化为可清洁燃烧生物燃料新技术的研究。Chemrec公司黑液气化技术的优点之一在于它所产生的生物燃料二甲醚（DME）可用作液化气（LPG）和柴油的替代品。同时生物质气化得到的DME能以最低的成本在最大程度上减少温室气体的排放量。     

图说欧洲生物质精炼行业

随着欧盟一系列环保政策的出台,欧洲诸多行业都开始关注生物质精炼,作为生物质经济的重要组成部分,生物质精炼无疑具有很大的潜力。欧洲众多能源、化工和林浆纸企业都早早布局,希望在生物质经济的版图上占据一席之地。如图1~图4所示,目前欧洲共有803家生物质精炼厂,其中507家侧重生产生物质化学品,363家生产生物质燃料,141家生产复合材料和纤维。如表1所示,欧洲生物质精炼原材料主要来自农业、林浆纸行业、海洋业,其中农业占比最大,其次是林浆纸行业。当然许多生物质精炼厂并非只用单一材料,而是采用多种原材料生产。如图5所示,不难看出,大多数国家生物质精炼所需原料来自农业。而芬兰和瑞典则因其境内林业资源丰富、制浆造纸行业发展水平高,这两个国家生物质精炼所需原料大都来自造纸行业的中间产品、副产品或废弃物残渣等,这也是芬兰和瑞典制浆造纸企业首先向生物质精炼转型的原因。     

ChemrecAB公司欲在佐治亚州推广生物精炼技术

美国佐治亚州丰富的森林资源以及众多的制浆造纸厂已经引起了一家瑞典开发制浆废液转化成生物燃料技术的公司的关注。总部位于瑞典的Chemrec AB公司CEO将于近日访问佐治亚州首府Atlanta，并将与佐治亚州的工业家们讨论在该州的工厂中推广应用该公司生物精炼技术的可能性。     

瑞典和芬兰生物质精炼的最新研究成果(Ⅲ)

<正>5以制浆厂作为基础,大力发展生物质精炼技术和工程森林生物质和森林工业生物质加工剩余物是生物质精炼原料的主要供应来源,而森林工业中产值最高、份额最大的也就是制浆造纸业。瑞典专门从事可再生能源领域事业的Inventia公司称:化学浆厂是当今独一无二最适合于开展生物质精炼事业的地方,而制浆造纸业中又以硫酸盐制浆法与生物质精炼开拓有着巨大亲和力和相互依存共同发展的优势。外国专家称"pulp mill based     

制浆造纸业的生物精炼化 快速热解和热解油的制造与应用

林、农作物生物质如林木加工残留物和农作物残留物秸秆等,是制浆造纸和快速热解共同使用的主要原材料。但林、农生物质大多要取自边远农村或山区,原料供应是遇到的大问题。鉴于此,制浆造纸厂大多应建在离城市较远、生长林农生物质较近之处。实际上,快速热解已开通了新的渠道:因快速热解的主要产成品是热解油(或称生物油),其得率最高可达70%~75%之多,热解油可用作价格低廉的燃料,制浆造纸业大公司,如Fortum与Metso、VTT、UPM已有将快速热解生产车间与制浆造纸业的供热、供电用的热电站(C H P)组合在一起的案例,热解油作为热电站的能源;开通的另一个渠道则是在原料基地处建造小型网络状加工点,就地加工林农生物质,就地供电、供热。这个网络也可由制浆造纸厂牵头筹建管理,它既为地方的发展提供了能源,也大大增强了纸业自身的动能,促进了纸业的发展。事实证明,快速热解生产热解油设备简单、成本低,热解油作为燃料使用效果显著。本文介绍的六种热解加工器不少已经商业化。也介绍了已经商业化的成功范例,供读者参考。     

基于造纸工业平台的林基生物质精炼研究进展

传统制浆造纸工业是最早利用林基生物质资源并专注于纸浆产品开发的大型工业化平台,其能源消耗大,输出品单一,经济和环境综合效益不高。林业生物质精炼可在现有化学制浆厂成熟的工业化平台上进行产业升级,将更多的木材组分加以利用,转化为附加值更高的化学制品和能量载体,实现林基生物质资源高效的工业化利用。本文综述了国内外林产生物质能源、生物基材料、生物质化学品等方面的研究进展及生物质精炼工厂IFBR的最新发展模式,并做了合理的展望。     

林基生物质精炼及其在制浆造纸工业中的实现

与一般的生物质精炼工厂相比,将生物质精炼与现有的硫酸盐制浆工艺相结合在技术、经济和社会效益方面具有显著的优势。一同时,将现有的硫酸盐制浆企业从制浆生产转变为完全生物质精炼可以在逐步改造的过程中实现。由于木材中的半纤维素和木素组分在生物质精炼过程中得到分离利用,从而减少了传统工艺中将其在热回收锅炉中燃烧而获取的热能产量,且生物质精炼又增加了蒸汽需求。为了避免对化石燃料的依赖,工厂的工艺设计必须高度组合并优化。强化和创新的能源优;化方式的实际应用表明,。温室气体排放量低的绿色生物质精炼是可行的。结合了木浆生产、生物质产品、生物质气化、废热发电以及优化设计布局和热力回收系统升级的生物质精炼工厂具有非常大的投资吸引力。     

欧洲浆纸行业生物质精炼代表性企业及项目简介

在欧洲尤其是北欧,林业资源丰富,无论是发展传统制浆造纸业务,还是开发生物质产品,都具有很大的优势。林浆纸行业是生物质精炼原材料的重点来源领域,因此欧洲各大林浆纸企业都希望在这一领域抢占一席之地。在此,选择欧洲制浆造纸行业内比较有代表性的几家企业和其重点项目进行介绍,看欧洲造纸行业如何通过发展生物质精炼逐渐走向生物质经济新模式、新道路。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press