长效载药微粒研究进展

长效载药微粒可使药物在几周或几个月内以一定速率释放,以维持有效血药浓度,减少给药次数,提高疗效。延长药物在体内的时间和有效控制药物的释放速率是长效载药微粒需要解决的两个基本问题。该文就延长载药微粒在体内的循环时间、延长载药微粒在吸收部位的停留时间、控制药物在释放初期的“突释”3个方面的研究进展进行了综述,并对长效微粒释药系统研究中的相关问题进行了讨论。引用文献42篇。     

超临界流体技术在制备复合载药微粒领域中的应用

介绍了超临界流体(SCF)技术制备复合载药微粒的原理、特点,总结了近几年SCF技术在制备药物复合微粒方面的研究情况,并就超临界流体技术应用于药物制剂方面的前景进行了探讨。     

载药纳米聚合物研究进展

载药纳米聚合物具有体积小,能穿过组织间隙并被细胞吸收,因而在药物输送方面具有许多优越性。本文从聚合物纳米粒、聚合物胶束和树状大分子三个方面综述了载药纳米聚合物的研究状况,并指出目前纳米聚合物载药存在问题,展望载药纳米聚合物的几个发展趋势。     

纳米乳载药研究进展

纳米乳作为纳米技术在药物传递系统中的应用,具有比表面积大、粒径均匀、稳定性好、生物利用度高等特点,为提高难溶药物的溶解度、发挥缓释长效及靶向作用提供了一种新的载药系统。针对近年来纳米乳的制备方法、载药形式、给药途径、实际应用等方面的研究进展进行综述,为相关科研提供参考。     

液相法制备纳米微粒的研究进展

对用液相法制备纳米微粒的各种方法 (沉淀法、水热合成法、溶剂蒸发法、微乳液法、溶胶 -凝胶法、超临界流体法、液相分散包裹法以及其它一些液相合成方法 )的技术特点、研究现状及其进展进行了评述     

模板浸润法制备非极性聚合物纳米管和纳米线

以孔径为200 nm的多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)为模板,采用聚合物溶液或熔体浸润模板的物理方法,以非极性通用聚合物为原料,首次制备了非极性聚合物纳米管、纳米线及其阵列结构。对纳米管和纳米线的形貌和结构进行了表征,结果表明对非极性聚合物而言,温度是影响一维纳米结构的主要因素,在较低温度下只能制得纳米线;较高温度下才能得到纳米管。还指出AAO膜纳米孔的高表面效应与熔体的作用能是形成聚合物一维纳米结构的主要驱动力。     

载姜黄素金纳米复合微粒的制备及体外释放研究

以氯金酸为原料,用水热法制备了金纳米复合微粒用作载体材料,再采用浸渍离心法负载姜黄素,得到负载姜黄素的金纳米复合微粒.采用粒度分析仪、XRD、红外、热重等方法,对金纳米复合微粒进行形貌结构表征.结果 表明,所制备的材料为表面聚集微小孔隙、平均粒径为250nm左右的微小Au复合颗粒.当料液比为1∶1、姜黄素的质量浓度为3...     

基于壳聚糖纳米粒子载药体系的制备与应用研究进展

壳聚糖纳米粒子载药体系因其天然无毒、生物相容性高、可生物降解等特点,在生物医学、化工和食品等领域有广阔的应用前景。本文对制备壳聚糖纳米粒子的离子交联法、聚电解质复合法、乳化交联法、喷雾干燥法和溶剂蒸发法等主要方法进行了综述,并阐述了其制备原理和优缺点。此外,本文结合国内外学者近期的研究工作,综述了壳聚糖纳米粒子载药体系在抗肿瘤药物和抑菌药物方面的应用研究进展,并对壳聚糖装载降糖药物、降脂药物、治疗骨质疏松药物和抗癫痫药物应用进行了简介。最后结合壳聚糖纳米载药体系在制备方法及应用中存在的实际问题,提出多学科研究相结合,开发壳聚糖纳米载药体系的智能控释、靶向递送功能和突破人体特殊生物屏障功能将是其近期的重点研究方向。     

静电喷雾技术制备载药微／纳米粒子研究进展

静电喷雾技术是一种新型的载药微／纳米粒子制备方法。该技术可通过将药物混合或包裹于人工／天然高分子材料,形成混合型或核壳型载药微／纳米粒子,提高药物的分散性与稳定性、延长药物的作用时间、降低药物毒副作用、形成靶向性制剂。本文旨在对静电喷雾技术制备载药微／纳米粒子的基本原理及制备过程影响因素进行综述。     

白藜芦醇载药系统研究进展

白藜芦醇是一种天然的多酚化合物,存在于多种植物中。其药理活性作用广泛,具有抗癌、抗氧化、抑菌、抗炎、调节免疫、保护心血管及肝脏等作用。但其水溶性差,化学稳定性低、光敏性高及生物半衰期短等缺点,极大程度地限制了其临床应用。本文回顾了近年来有关白藜芦醇的递药系统的相关研究,以期为白藜芦醇载药系统的开发利用提供参考。     

新型抗癌药物角鲨胺的合成研究进展

角鲨胺具有较强的广谱抗菌作用和抗血管生成效应,其抗癌活性正处于临床试验中。简要综述了角鲨胺的化学全合成、半合成的国内外研究进展,并对其发展方向进行了评述和展望。     

微/纳米药物给药系统的研究进展

在过去的几十年中,探索高效的微/纳米给药系统一直是药剂学领域的研究热点。不同的微/纳米颗粒已被用于药物输送的研究,以期实现有效靶向给药,最大限度地减少副作用,从而提高治疗效果。本文主要综述了微/纳米药物输送给药系统及在药物制剂领域应用。     

Polycaprolactone/alendronate systems intended for production of biomaterials

Sodium alendronate (ALD) is a bisphosphonate used to treat osteoporosis. However, its oral administration has been associated with side effects as gastroesophageal reflux. Moreover, there are some particularities for the intake of the medicine, which also hinder the patient's compliance, for example, the instruction that it has to be taken with an empty stomach, 30 to 60 min before breakfast and avoid the decubitus position after using the drug. Therefore, biomaterials for applications in osteoporotic bones are a good alternative. Thus, this work aimed to produce a Polycaprolactone (PCL) and ALD-based powder as a supply to build biomaterials by selective laser sintering, compression molding (CM), solvent casting (SC), among others. The powder was produced by coating the ALD particles with PCL and films were produced by SC and CM techniques. The samples were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and thermal analysis. Furthermore, the drug release was evaluated by UV–Vis spectroscopy. Results showed that ALD particles were successfully coated by PCL and applied to the production of biomaterials, highlighting its potential in the treatment of osteoporosis.     

树枝状大分子用于药物载体的研究进展

树枝状大分子是近年来出现的一类新型合成纳米高分子,具有可控的三维高度支化结构、表面分布着大量的功能基团和单分散等特点,使其在生物医学等领域中日益受到广泛关注。作为一种新型非生物载体,树枝状大分子内部空腔和表面功能基团均可与药物复合,在药物输送和基因转运等方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

高分子复合生物材料的研究进展

本文综述了近年来用于骨修复的各类高分子复合生物材料的研究状况,并从力学性能的改善和降解速率的可调性等角度,总结了高分子复合生物材料与单一组分的材料相比在生物医用领域应用中所表现出的综合使用性能的优越性,提出将与人骨中磷灰石微晶类似的无机纳米粒子与具有降解性能的有机生物材料进行复合,能够得到具有优越骨修复性能的新型骨生物材料。     

玉米醇溶蛋白用作药物输送系统载体的研究进展

玉米醇溶蛋白(Zein)是一种天然可食性植物大分子,具有可再生性、无毒性、两亲性及良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性,可通过自组装形成微球或纳米粒。近年来,Zein用作药物输送系统(drug delivery system,DDS)载体材料成为研究热点,可通过Zein的自组装特性将药物包载在其内部获得Zein-DDS微粒。本文简述了Zein的特性及其作为DDS载体的优势,总结了Zein-DDS的制备方法、性能及Zein的修饰改性研究进展,指出Zein具有较强的疏水性和抗胃酸分解特性,Zein-DDS可有效地提高药物稳定性、延缓药物释放及增强药物靶向性。因此,Zein用作DDS的载体具有广阔的应用前景,今后的研究工作将会在拓宽研究领域、改进制备方法及Zein的修饰改性等方面展开。     

Novel polymersomes based on amphiphilic graft polyphosphazenes and their encapsulation of water-soluble anti-cancer drug

A series of amphiphilic graft polyphosphazenes with hydrophilic weight fraction ranging from 0.40 to 0.55 were synthesized. These copolymers could self-assemble into distinct aggregates in aqueous solutions. Spherical micelles were observed for the copolymer sample with higher hydrophilic weight fraction. However, when the hydrophilic weight fractions decreased to less than 0.50, vesicle-like polymersomes were formed. Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX·HCl), a water-soluble anti-cancer drug, was successfully loaded into the aqueous core of polymersome, which was clearly observed by transmission electron microscopy. The in vitro release of DOX·HCl from polymersome carries further confirmed its encapsulation. In addition, the cytotoxicity of DOX against HepG2 cells was significantly enhanced via polymersome delivery. These results suggest that amphiphilic graft polyphosphazenes could be used for the delivery of water-soluble drugs as polymersome vehicles.     

pH敏感性生物基纳米载药粒子的研究进展

生物基来源的聚合物具有生物相容性高、无毒易降解等优势,近些年来作为药物载体在生物医药领域受到了广泛的关注。人体内的生理环境存在pH差异,利用pH作为刺激响应的信号,可以赋予聚合物纳米载药系统理想的靶向释药性能。本综述着眼于pH敏感性的生物基聚合物纳米粒子,揭示了纳米载药粒子中化学键断裂与质子化作用两种pH响应的控释机制,并针对两者的控释特点进行了分析总结。在此基础上,介绍了几种生物基药物载体的pH控释研究及其在生物医药领域的应用进展,并提出了目前利用各种生物基材料作为药物载体存在的问题。最后,针对目前存在的载药量低、敏感性不强等问题,提出了可采用多种方式联合载药、多重刺激响应结合等方式进行深入研究的展望。     

Polycaprolactone-based biomaterials for tissue engineering and drug delivery: Current scenario and challenges

Recently, poly (?-caprolactone) (PCL) has gained a lot of attention, and shown great potential in biomedical applications. Among synthetic polymers, PCL is one of the easiest to process and manipulate into a large range of shapes and sizes due to its low melting temperature and its superior viscoelastic properties. In this review article the authors focus mainly on the properties of PCL-based biomaterials relevant to drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. The authors provide an insight into the recent developments and challenges of PCL-based biomaterials as a critical component of new therapeutic strategies for many diseases.     

Multifunctional temperature-responsive polymers as advanced biomaterials and beyond

The versatility and applicability of thermoresponsive polymeric systems have led to great interest and a multitude of publications. Of particular significance, multifunctional poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) systems based on PNIPAAm copolymerized with various functional comonomers or based on PNIPAAm combined with nanomaterials exhibiting unique properties. These multifunctional PNIPAAm systems have revolutionized several biomedical fields such as controlled drug delivery, tissue engineering, self-healing materials, and beyond (e.g., environmental treatment applications). Here, we review these multifunctional PNIPAAm-based systems with various cofunctionalities, as well as highlight their unique applications. For instance, addition of hydrophilic or hydrophobic comonomers can allow for polymer lower critical solution temperature modification, which is especially helpful for physiological applications. Natural comonomers with desirable functionalities have also drawn significant attention as pressure surmounts to develop greener, more sustainable materials. Typically, these systems also tend to be more biocompatible and biodegradable and can be advantageous for use in biopharmaceutical and environmental applications. PNIPAAm-based polymeric nanocomposites are reviewed as well, where incorporation of inorganic or carbon nanomaterials creates synergistic systems that tend to be more robust and widely applicable than the individual components. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48770.