NiTi合金低压等离子渗氮研究

采用低压等离子渗氮工艺对NiTi合金进行了渗氮处理.氮化处理后NiTi合金表面硬度升高.XRD测试结果表明在合金表面形成了一层TiN涂层,在TiN涂层下为Ni3Ti相.电化学腐蚀测试表明经氮化处理后合金的耐腐蚀能力大为提高.     

NiTi 合金表面激光原位反应合成TiN增强金属基复合材料涂层

采用连续高功率固体Nd-YA G激光辐照, 使预置于NiTi 合金表面的Ti 粉在N₂ 环境中形成TiN 增强Ti 基复合材料涂层。选择适当的激光辐照工艺参数, 获得致密的TiN 增强金属基复合材料激光改性层。SEM 观察及EDAX 成分分析结果表明, TiN/ Ti 金属基复合材料表面改性层与基体NiTi 合金存在良好的冶金结合, 界面处成分均匀过渡, 表面Ni 含量极低。显微硬度测试及磨损实验表明, TiN/ Ti 金属基复合材料改性层显著提高了NiTi 合金的表面硬度和耐磨性, 激光表面改性层可有效地改善NiTi 合金作为生物医学材料使用的表面成分和性能。      

不同等离子源形成的DLC涂层对NiTi合金腐蚀行为的影响

采用等离子浸没离子注入和沉积(PIIID)法分别以C2H2和石墨为等离子源在NiTi合金表面形成DLC涂层来提高该合金的耐腐蚀性.利用Raman光谱和扫描电镜分析膜层结构.利用电化学测试和原子吸收光谱测试涂层前后基体的耐腐蚀性和Ni离子析出.结果表明:采用等离子浸没离子注入和沉积法以乙炔和石墨为等离子源在NiTi合金表面形成均匀致密、结合力良好的DLC涂层.两种涂层都明显地提高了NiTi合金的耐腐蚀性能和有效地抑制了Ni离子的溶出.     

NiTi合金表面液相阴极等离子体沉积氧化铝陶瓷涂层的研究

在NiTi合金表面通过液相阴极等离子体技术制备了氧化铝(Al2O3)陶瓷涂层。采用X射线衍射和扫描电镜对涂层的相组成以及表面形貌进行了表征和分析,证实在材料表面形成了由α-Al2O3和γ-Al2O3组成的涂层,发现涂层具有粗糙多孔结构。在模拟体液中对NiTi合金的Ni离子释放情况进行了检测,发现液相阴极等离子体改性后显著降低了Ni离子的释放。为NiTi合金植入体的表面改性提供了一条新途径。     

医用多孔NiTi合金微波烧结的初步探讨

以镍粉和氢化钛粉为原料,经混粉、压坯后,在850～1100℃微波烧结10～30min获得多孔NiTi合金。利用阿基米德排水法、OM、SEM、EDS和XRD分别对多孔NiTi合金的孔隙率、表面形貌、成分和相组成进行了系统的分析。结果表明,微波烧结制备的多孔NiTi合金主要由B2型的NiTi相和少量Ni3Ti、Ti2Ni杂质相组成;随着烧结温度的升高,NiTi相增加而杂质相减少;多孔NiTi合金的孔隙率为30%～35.5%,孔径为20～60μm,随着烧结温度的升高,孔隙率在950℃之前变化不大,1000℃时获得最大值,之后逐渐下降;微波烧结的保温时间对合金相组成和孔隙率影响不大。     

医用多孔NiTi合金表面微弧氧化改性研究

为解决多孔Ni Ti合金耐蚀性降低和Ni离子释放量增大而引起的使用安全性问题.本文采用微弧氧化技术对医用多孔Ni Ti合金进行表面改性处理,研究结果表明,微弧氧化处理并未改变多孔Ni Ti合金原有的孔隙结构和孔隙率,只在其外表面和孔隙内表面均形成了典型的微弧氧化多孔涂层.该涂层主要由氧化铝相组成,并含有少量的Ti和Ni元素,且外表面涂层的Ti和Ni含量要略低于孔隙内表面涂层.微弧氧化涂层提高了多孔Ni Ti合金的表面接触角,将原有的亲水表面转变成了疏水表面.经微弧处理后,多孔Ni Ti合金的耐蚀性较基体提高了1个数量级以上,Ni离子释放量也较基体降低了1个数量级以上.     

多孔NiTi记忆合金化学氧化和热氧化表面改性的对比研究

研究了多孔NiTi记忆合金在H2O2＋HCl溶液中的低温化学氧化过程和500℃的高温热氧化过程。通过对比分析2种表面氧化处理后合金表面氧化膜的形貌、Ni/Ti比及膜层生长动力学曲线,探讨了多孔NiTi合金表面和孔内氧化膜的生长特点。结果表明,利用2种表面氧化技术在合金表面和孔内获得的氧化膜Ni含量均明显低于基体,且合金孔内氧化膜Ni含量低于表面氧化膜;多孔NiTi合金孔内的氧化对于与氧亲和力弱的Ni而言更加困难,孔内氧化膜的生长速率低于表面氧化膜的生长速率。     

Ti对等离子堆焊Ni基Cr3C2涂层组织与性能的影响

为了改善镍基合金涂层的组织与耐磨性,利用等离子堆焊技术在Q235碳钢表面分别制备了镍基合金涂层Ni50、添加质量分数40%Cr_3C_2的Cr_3C_2/Ni复合涂层,以及复合添加质量分数40%Cr_3C_2和1%Ti的Ti/Cr_3C_2/Ni复合涂层,研究了添加Cr_3C_2及复合添加Cr_3C_2和Ti对Ni50合金涂层组织、硬度和耐摩擦磨损性能的影响.结果表明:Ni50合金涂层主要由γ-Ni枝晶组织及其间的共晶组织组成,Cr_3C_2/Ni复合涂层主要由大量初生碳化物和细小枝晶组织组成,Ti/Cr_3C_2/Ni复合涂层中碳化物尺寸减小且分布更均匀,组织明显细化;与Ni50合金涂层相比,Cr_3C_2/Ni和Ti/Cr_3C_2/Ni复合涂层的硬度均显著提高了26%以上,相对耐磨性分别提高了1.4倍和2.1倍.     

不同温度下纯Ni/NiTi合金的摩擦特性研究

NiTi合金具有形状记忆效应及超弹性特性,使得它与其他一般材料的摩擦特性有很大不同。为从微观角度揭示其摩擦特性,利用分子动力学研究了不同温度下纯Ni和NiTi合金的压/划痕过程,并进一步通过对比分析不同温度下纯Ni和NiTi合金在压/划痕过程中原子结构、表面形貌、摩擦力和摩擦系数的变化,研究了温度对NiTi合金摩擦系数的影响。结果表明,温度对NiTi合金摩擦性能的影响显著,在300～500 K范围内,温度越低,摩擦力与摩擦系数越小,这是由于在刻划过程中NiTi合金发生马氏体相变,NiTi合金表面向下凹陷,减少了NiTi表面与压头的接触,降低了对压头的阻碍,使摩擦力与摩擦系数大幅降低;当温度升高时,马氏体相变减少,NiTi合金的表面凹陷减少,使压头与NiTi合金的接触面积增大,阻碍增大,从而使得摩擦力和摩擦系数变大。而没有相变机制的金属Ni在刻划过程中,主要产生塑性形变,温度对其摩擦性能无显著影响。可见,温度对NiTi形状记忆合金的摩擦性能具备一定调控能力,可以通过控制温度达到减少磨损的目的,这可为延长NiTi合金元件的使用寿命提供理论基础和指导。     

激光熔敷Ti5Si3/NiTi2复合材料涂层的组织与耐磨性

以Ti-Si-Ni合金粉末为原料，利用激光熔敷技术在BT9钛合金表面制备出了以金属间化合物Ti5Si3为增强相，以NiTi2为基体的Ti5Si3/NiTi2金属间化合物快速凝固耐磨复合材料涂层，Ti5Si3/NiTi2合材料涂层的硬度高，组织均匀，致密，与基材之间为完全冶金结合，在干滑动磨损试验条件下具有很好的耐磨性。     

In vivo histological evaluation of bioactive NiTi alloy after two years implantation

This work is aimed at evaluating the in vivo histological performance of HA coated NiTi through chemical treatments and the untreated NiTi after two years implantation by animal model. A complete implant–bone interfacial osseointegration was observed after HA coated and untreated NiTi was implanted into the animal model for two years. However, the osseous lamella structure on HA coated NiTi was more mature and the osseous tissue was more compact as compared with that of untreated NiTi, which was ascribed to the differences resulted from nickel ion release from the alloy, cell adhesion ability and osteogenesis mechanism during the early stage of implantation. The bioactivity and biocompatibility of NiTi alloy are significantly improved by coating the alloy with HA through chemical treatment, though the untreated NiTi shows good biocompatibility after long time implantation.     

Fabrication and biocompatibility of polyethyleneimine/heparin self-assembly coating on NiTi alloy

NiTi alloy has been used widely as biomaterials. But because of toxic effects possibly caused by excess Ni ions released during the corrosion process in the physiological environment, it is still a controversial material. Fabricating medicine-loaded coating, which is expected to decrease the release of Ni ions and improve the biocompatibility of the materials, is a potential way to solve the problem. In this paper, NiTi alloy is coated by polyethyleneimine/heparin films via layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly method. UV-Vis, FT-IR, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurements are used to characterize the microstructure of coatings and select the best fabrication conditions. Potentiodynamic polarization researches in sodium chloride and dynamic clotting time experiment are utilized to study its corrosion resistance capability and biocompatibility of coatings, respectively. The results indicate that PEI/heparin multilayer coating can improve the biocompatibility of NiTi alloy surface.     

Characteristics and mechanical properties of a (Ti, O, N)/Ti composite coating fabricated on NiTi shape memory alloy via PIIID

In this investigation, (Ti, O, N)/Ti composite coating was fabricated on a NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) to improve its biocompatibility, bioactivity and wear resistance for its long-term medical applications, using the plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIIID) technique. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination of coating cross-sections showed that the (Ti, O, N)/Ti composite coating was uniform and compact. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis not only indicated that the interface between the coating and NiTi SMA substrate was gradual rather than sharp, but it also showed the thickness of the composite coating to be ∼ 1.0 μm. The EDX mapping of cross-sections of (Ti, O, N)/Ti composite coating revealed that Ni was not present on the surface of the coated samples. Nanoindentation tests were performed to evaluate mechanical properties of the composite coating. Pin-on-disc wear test results showed greatly improved wear resistance of (Ti, O, N)/Ti coated NiTi SMA.     

医用NiTi形状记忆合金表面氧化改性研究进展

氧化是NiTi形状记忆合金表面改性的重要手段,常用的氧化工艺包括热氧化、微弧氧化、阳极氧化和化学氧化。虽然四种工艺都依靠合金自身的Ti元素在合金表面原位生成以晶态或非晶态TiO2为主的氧化膜,但四种氧化工艺的原理及所制备的膜层形貌、结构等均不相同。本文评述了四种表面改性工艺的优势和缺陷,并对NiTi合金表面改性的发展方向进行了展望。     

三元Ni-Ti基形状记忆合金的研究现状

针对二元NiTi形状记忆合金在应用中所显示出的局限性,三元NiTi基形状记忆合金通过第三组元的加入,改善了二元NiTi形状记忆合金的某些性能,弥补了其在应用中的不足,降低了成本,进一步扩大了NiTi基形状记忆合金的应用范围,从而一直受到研究者的广泛关注.综述了三元NiTi基形状记忆合金的研究现状,总结了存在的不足:首先,对于合金体系还需要大量的量化研究,确定出不同应用条件下合金的有效成分范围是其实用化的基础;其次,合金制备过程熔炼介质对合金产生的影响等重视不够;同时,应用性能研究还有待加强,性能的长效性与稳定性是关键,这方面的研究还缺乏充分而有效的数据.     

Characteristics and in vitro biological assessment of (Ti, O, N)/Ti composite coating formed on NiTi shape memory alloy

In this investigation, plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIIID) was used to fabricate a (Ti, O, N)/Ti coating on NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) to improve its long-term biocompatibility and wear resistance. The surface morphology, composition and roughness of uncoated and coated NiTi SMA samples were examined. Energy dispersive X-ray elemental mapping of cross-sections of (Ti, O, N)/Ti coated NiTi SMA revealed that Ni was depleted from the surface of coated samples. No Ni was detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on the surface of coated samples. Furthermore, three-point bending tests showed that the composite coating could undergo large deformation without cracking or delamination. After 1 day cell culture, SaOS-2 cells on coated samples spread better than those on uncoated NiTi SMA samples. The proliferation of SaOS-2 cells on coated samples was significantly higher at day 3 and day 7 of cell culture.     

NiTi superelastic orthodontic archwires with polyamide coating

Twenty orthodontic archwires with 55.2 % Ni and 44.8 % Ti (% weight) were subjected to a dipping treatment to coat the NiTi surface by a polyamide polymer. It has been selected a Polyamide 11 due to its remarkable long lasting performance. The transformation temperatures as well as the transformation stresses of the NiTi alloy were determined in order to know whether the coating process can alter its properties. The adhesive wear tests have been demonstrated that the wear rates as well as the dynamic friction coefficients μ of polymer coated wires are much lower than metallic wires. The corrosion studies have shown that the use of this polymer, as coating, seals the NiTi surface to prevent corrosion and the release of nickel ions. The average decrease of Ni ions release due to this coating is around 85 %.