焦化废水生物脱氮

本文叙述了焦化废水生物脱氮的原理.焦化废水采用A/O生物法去除氨氮工艺,可使焦化废水处理排放的氨氮指标达到排放要求.     

焦化废水生物

本文叙述了焦化废水生物脱氮的原理,焦化废水采用A/O生物法去除氨氮工艺,可使焦化废水处理排放的氨氮指标达到排放要求。     

A/A/O生物脱氮处理焦化污水工艺介绍

萍钢焦化厂新建酚、氰废水处理站采用了先进的A/A/O法生物脱氮工艺,此工艺将污水二级处理中的缺氧、好氧两大类方法有机结合在一起,对焦化废水中的酚、氰、COD、氨氮等多种污染物均有较高的去除率,尤其是出水氨氮含量远远低于钢铁行业一级排放标准(15mg/l).文章详细介绍了A/A/O生物脱氮的原理、运行控制和工艺流程.     

燃煤电厂脱硫废水电絮凝处理工艺研究

以某燃煤电厂脱硫废水为研究对象,在实验室开展电絮凝台架实验,并设计建设了废水处理能力8 t/h电絮凝处理装置。试验结果显示:电流密度为(4～8)mA/cm~2时悬浮物脱除率较高,CODcr和镉、铬、砷、铅等重金属有一定去除率,出口水质符合排放标准;停留时间对悬浮物有影响,对其他污染物降低影响较小。脱硫废水电絮凝处理装置的试验显示,系统对悬浮物去除效果明显,去除效率为99.3%,出水重金属含量均低于排放限值。     

电泳涂装废水处理技术

叙述了涂装工艺、涂装废水性质以及废水处理技术,指出,废水的成分复杂,排放无规律,水质变化大,废水先经微电解氧化后加药中和沉淀,再经AO生化处理,活性炭吸附过滤后出水达到GB8978-1996污水综合排放标准中的一级排放标准。     

高浓度氨氮废水的处理技术及研究进展

通过介绍几种高浓度氨氮废水的处理方法如离子交换法、吹脱法、化学沉淀法、汽提法及生物脱氮技术等,分析了它们的处理原理及研究现状,为处理高浓度氨氮废水提供理论依据.     

红花制剂生产企业废水处理工艺选择

山西华卫药业有限公司采用水提+醇提的组合提取工艺生产红花注射液等红花系列产品,生产过程中污染防治重点为废水处理。环评根据生产废水种类、水质水量、排放标准要求,以及各类废水水质水量波动大、废水可生化性较好的特点,对各种物化-生物法处理工艺进行比较,最终确定采取水解酸化+二段式接触氧化+絮凝沉淀+过滤的处理工艺,该工艺对污染物有较好的去除效果,出水污染物浓度能够做到达标排放。     

电子絮凝工艺处理在电厂脱硫废水处理过程中的应用与研究

电子絮凝技术能够有效提高电厂脱硫废水预处理效果,对脱硫废水的零排放具有重要的意义。通过比较电子絮凝技术与其他传统技术在电厂脱硫废水处理过程中的特性,分析不同处理技术的优缺点。结果表明,相比较其他技术,电子絮凝技术在未来电厂脱硫废水实际处理过程中具有广泛的应用前景。     

印染废水处理工艺的发展与现状

基于印染废水排放的现状与特点,介绍了国内外在印染废水处理方面的研究现状与发展状况。着重分析了其物化处理法以及生物处理法。研究了单一处理印染废水方法得优缺点,提出多种方法联合作用是目前发展趋势。     

印染废水水质特征及处理技术探讨

归纳总结了印染废水水量水质特征及排放规律,分析探讨了包括物理处理技术、化学处理技术、生物处理技术在内的常见的印染废水处理技术优劣势,最后针对近年来聚酯化纤工业发展过程中所产生的处理难度极大的碱减量废水的预处理及主体处理进行了分析.结果表明,印染企业应坚持印染工艺革新,加强污染物源头排放控制以及污水治理,以取得理想的处理...     

难生化污水处理技术研究进展

介绍了难生化污水处理技术的研究进展及发展趋势。重点介绍了高级氧化法（包括超声氧化技术、超临界水氧化技术、光催化氧化技术、臭氧氧化法、Fenton试剂法）、铁碳微电解法、高效微生物法处理难生化污水的基本原理、技术特点、研究进展、存在的问题及今后研究方向等。并指出未来将会在生产全过程污染控制与清洁生产技术、污染标准升级后的达标排放处理技术、高级氧化技术、高效微生物技术、污水零排放技术等领域取得重大进展。     

熔融法在催化剂制备中的应用技术进展

借助高温条件,使金属或金属氧化物熔融成为均匀分布的混合物,以形成合金固溶体,甚至形成氧化物固溶体,冷却后粉碎或再进行其他处理来制备催化剂的过程称为熔融法.熔融法通常用于制备骨架金属催化剂和熔铁催化剂.骨架金属催化剂的制备包括合金的制备、合金的展开、活化和储存等过程.本文综述了熔融法在骨架镍、骨架铜、骨架钴催化剂及熔铁催化剂制备中应用和新进展,尤其综述了熔融-淬冷、熔融-多级雾化、熔融-超声雾化新工艺在制备骨架金属催化剂中的应用,介绍了在骨架金属催化剂中添加微量其他元素的作用原理.骨架镍催化剂主要用于加氢反应,骨架铜催化剂主要用于脱氢、水合、氧化脱卤、脱硫反应,骨架钴催化剂主要用于加氢和费托合成反应,熔铁催化剂主要用于合成氨和费托合成反应.指出熔融法虽然能耗高,但在骨架金属催化剂和熔铁催化剂的制备中具有不可替代的作用.近年来,随着科技的进步,通过与其他方法的结合,熔融法也在不断发展和进步之中.     

仲钨酸铵(APT)废水除砷氟探索试验研究

针对研究设计院仲钨酸铵生产产生的废水提出一种合理的处理工艺,使废水经处理后达标排放.研究结果表明:两种处理方法可以达标排放.一是废酸中和-石灰沉淀,二是硫酸中和-石灰沉淀砷和氟均可达到国家废水排放标准;氟离子浓度提高到700 mg/L,该方法也适用.     

影响石油炼制污水稳定运行的因素及对策

《辽宁省污水综合排放标准》（DB21／1627--2008）,要求污水COD值不大于50mg／L。NH3-N不大于8mg／L,这一标准远远高于国家一级排放标准COD值不大于60mg／L,NH3-N不大于15mg／L,辽宁省新标准也是目前国内最为严格的排放标准。坐落于辽宁省的某石化公司污水处理场设计指标是按照国家一级标准设计的,辽宁省新标准的颁布执行,对该污水处理场提出了更高要求。根据工艺流程,上游生产装置排放的含油污水直接进人污水处理场进行处理。污水处理场稳定达标排放影响因素中,上游生产装置排污影响占60％,污水处理场内部的运行优化占40％。这一比例说明加强上游污水监控对于污水处理场运行起到重要作用。因此,污水处理场若要稳定达标,首先要对上游排污情况了解清楚,制定针对性的应对方案,做好源头治理;另外,污水处理场内部还要做好运行监控工作,优化运行,挖掘运行潜力,做好上下游一体化的协调管理．保证出水水质的达标排放。     

进口催化剂的硫化及其在柴油加氢改质装置上的应用

锦西石化柴油加氢改质装置2009年进行了催化剂更换,选用美国标准公司预硫化催化剂DN200、DN3100,降凝剂为SDD800,裂化剂为Z-5723,保护剂为834HC和814HC。采用干法硫化,因为预硫化催化剂DN200每个颗粒都含有硫,在硫化时不需要另外加注硫化剂,自身携带的硫可完全满足硫化需要,相应的加硫设施也可以省略。催化剂初期活性较温和,不易出现飞温现象,所以可省略普通催化剂开工前的注氨钝化步骤。一年来的运行情况显示,催化剂运行初期,在反应温度较低的情况下即可满足生产需要,催化剂活性很好。柴油硫、氮含量大大降低,平均脱硫率达到97.24%,平均脱氮率达到98.21%。柴油的色度可由原来的3.5降到0.5,外观呈淡绿色。柴油十六烷值平均提高7.9个单位。生产的石脑油,芳潜含量高,是优质的重整原料,可用来生产高辛烷值汽油,石脑油氮含量很低,但硫含量稍高。此催化剂具有良好的稳定性和抗氮性,完全满足装置产品质量的要求。     

Evaluation of low cost cathode materials for treatment of industrial and food processing wastewater using microbial electrolysis cells

Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) can be used to treat wastewater and produce hydrogen gas, but low cost cathode catalysts are needed to make this approach economical. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and stainless steel (SS) were evaluated as alternative cathode catalysts to platinum (Pt) in terms of treatment efficiency and energy recovery using actual wastewaters. Two different types of wastewaters were examined, a methanol-rich industrial (IN) wastewater and a food processing (FP) wastewater. The use of the MoS₂ catalyst generally resulted in better performance than the SS cathodes for both wastewaters, although the use of the Pt catalyst provided the best performance in terms of biogas production, current density, and TCOD removal. Overall, the wastewater composition was more of a factor than catalyst type for accomplishing overall treatment. The IN wastewater had higher biogas production rates (0.8–1.8 m³/m³-d), and COD removal rates (1.8–2.8 kg-COD/m³-d) than the FP wastewater. The overall energy recoveries were positive for the IN wastewater (3.1–3.8 kWh/kg-COD removed), while the FP wastewater required a net energy input of −0.7–−1.2 kWh/kg-COD using MoS₂ or Pt cathodes, and −3.1 kWh/kg-COD with SS. These results suggest that MoS₂ is the most suitable alternative to Pt as a cathode catalyst for wastewater treatment using MECs, but that net energy recovery will be highly dependent on the specific wastewater.     

Emerging technologies for hydrogen production from wastewater

Wastewater treatment is essential to shield the environment. The production of H₂ is substantial for prospering its applications in diversified sectors; hence the study of wastewater treatment for H₂ production is accomplished. Various technologies have been developed and studied considering the potential of wastewater to generate hydrogen-rich gas. These technologies have different mechanisms, diversified setups, and processes. Perhaps these technologies are proven to be exceptional exposures for hydrogen production. Fortunately, a valuable contribution to the environment and the H₂ economy is that some technological processes have been promoted to synthesize H₂ from lab scale to pilot scale. Contemplating such comprehensive exposure to H₂ synthesis from wastewater, the critical information of eight emerging technologies, including their mechanism and reaction parameters influencing the process, pros, cons, and future developmental scopes, are described in this review by classifying them into three different classes, namely light-dependent technologies, light-independent technologies, and other technologies.     

电镀含氰废水处理实用工艺技术现状及展望

电镀废水中含氰废水的排放,对环境会造成巨大的危害.介绍了含氰废水的来源,阐述目前国内常采用的各种含氰废水物理或化学处理技术,并对其方法优劣进行比较,希望能对工程设计起指导作用;同时对未来含氰废水的处理技术进行了探讨和展望.     

The used automobile catalytic converter as an efficient catalyst for removal of malathion through wet air oxidation process

The automobile catalytic converter (ACC) contains a huge number of precious metals as catalysts. When an ACC fails to meet standards, it is removed from the exhaust of an automobile but retains some catalytic activity. However, the recovery and/or activation of this waste is a high-cost process and includes several chemical treatments. Catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) has been reported as an effective wastewater treatment method. The most important disadvantage of CWAO is cost-nonefficiency. Herein, to overcome these problems, the simple recovery of catalysts from waste ACC for reuse in CWAO was investigated. The optimum conditions of reaction were investigated through response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum removal efficiency was 88% when the reaction conditions were set on the 20 bar of pressure at 111.5 °C over 77 min and using 0.41 g of recovered catalyst. In addition, toxicity testing was performed on a model of malathion-contaminated wastewater before and after CWAO treatment. Final product identification was performed which showed that CWAO eliminated the toxicity of wastewater and was determined to be malaoxon, present at acceptable concentrations, and tributyl phosphate. In conclusion, there may be important potential for the use of recovered ACC catalyst in the treatment of toxic wastewater.     

Investigation of multi-metal catalysts for stable hydrogen production via urea electrolysis

It has been shown that urea electrolysis is a viable method for wastewater remediation and simultaneous production of valuable hydrogen. Inexpensive nickel catalyst is optimal for the oxidation of urea in alkaline media but improvements are needed to minimize surface blockage and increase current density. Multi-metal catalysts were investigated by depositing platinum group metals on a nickel substrate. Rhodium and nickel proved synergistic to reduce surface blockage and increase catalyst stability. Rh-Ni electrodes reduced the overpotential for the electro-oxidation of urea and improved the current density by a factor of 200 compared to a Ni catalyst.